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a/
\(\frac{3a-b}{a+b}=\frac{3\left(a+b\right)-4b}{a+b}=3-\frac{4b}{a+b}=\frac{3}{4}.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{4b}{a+b}=\frac{9}{4}\Rightarrow9a+9b=16b\Rightarrow9a=7b\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{7}{9}\)
b/
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{3}{7}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{3}=\frac{b}{7}=\frac{3a}{9}=\frac{4b}{28}=\frac{3a-4b}{9-28}=\frac{3a-4b}{-19}\)
\(\frac{a}{3}=\frac{b}{7}\Rightarrow\frac{2a}{6}=\frac{3b}{21}\Rightarrow\frac{2a+3b}{6+21}=\frac{2a+3b}{27}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3a-4b}{-19}=\frac{2a+3b}{27}\Rightarrow\frac{3a-4b}{2a+3b}=-\frac{19}{27}\)
a, Đặt \(\frac{a}{2}=\frac{b}{3}=\frac{c}{5}=k\)\(\Rightarrow a=2k\); \(b=3k\); \(c=5k\)
Ta có: \(B=\frac{a+7b-2c}{3a+2b-c}=\frac{2k+7.3k-2.5k}{3.2k+2.3k-5k}=\frac{2k+21k-10k}{6k+6k-5k}=\frac{13k}{7k}=\frac{13}{7}\)
b, Ta có: \(\frac{1}{2a-1}=\frac{2}{3b-1}=\frac{3}{4c-1}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{2a-1}{1}=\frac{3b-1}{2}=\frac{4c-1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{1}=\frac{3\left(b-\frac{1}{3}\right)}{2}=\frac{4\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\frac{2\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{12}=\frac{3\left(b-\frac{1}{3}\right)}{2.12}=\frac{4\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{3.12}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{6}=\frac{\left(b-\frac{1}{3}\right)}{8}=\frac{\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{9}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{3\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{18}=\frac{2\left(b-\frac{1}{3}\right)}{16}=\frac{\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3a-\frac{3}{2}}{18}=\frac{2b-\frac{2}{3}}{16}=\frac{c-\frac{1}{4}}{9}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\frac{3a-\frac{3}{2}}{18}=\frac{2b-\frac{2}{3}}{16}=\frac{c-\frac{1}{4}}{9}=\frac{3a-\frac{3}{2}+2b-\frac{2}{3}-\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{18+16-9}=\frac{3a-\frac{3}{2}+2b-\frac{2}{3}-c+\frac{1}{4}}{25}\)
\(=\frac{\left(3a+2b-c\right)-\left(\frac{3}{2}+\frac{2}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{25}=\left(4-\frac{23}{12}\right)\div25=\frac{25}{12}\times\frac{1}{25}=\frac{1}{12}\)
Do đó: +) \(\frac{a-\frac{1}{2}}{6}=\frac{1}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow a-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{6}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow a=1\)
+) \(\frac{b-\frac{1}{3}}{8}=\frac{1}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow b-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{8}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow b=1\)
+) \(\frac{c-\frac{1}{4}}{9}=\frac{1}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow c-\frac{1}{4}=\frac{9}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow c=1\)
Bài 1: Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=k\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=ck\\b=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\dfrac{a}{a+c}=\dfrac{ck}{ck+c}=\dfrac{ck}{c\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\)
\(\dfrac{b}{b+d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk+d}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a}{a+c}=\dfrac{b}{b+d}\)
b.\(ĐK:x;y\in Z^+;x;y\ne0\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{x}+\dfrac{5}{y}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{x}=1-\dfrac{5}{y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{x}=\dfrac{y-5}{y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{y-5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5y}{y-5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=5+\dfrac{25}{y-5}\) ( bạn chia \(5y\) cho \(y-5\) ý )
Để x;y là số nguyên dương thì \(25⋮y-5\) hay \(y-5\in U\left(25\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm5;\pm25\right\}\)
TH1:
\(y-5=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=6\\x=30\end{matrix}\right.\) ( tm ) ( bạn thế y=6 vào \(x=5+\dfrac{25}{y+5}\) nhé )
Xét tương tự, ta ra được nghiệm nguyên dương của phương trình:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=30\\y=6\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=10\\y=10\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\y=30\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu a mik ko bt nên bạn tham khảo nhé:
https://hoc24.vn/cau-hoi/cho-a-b-c-0-va-day-ti-so-dfrac2bc-aadfrac2c-babdfrac2ab-cctinh-p-dfracleft3a-2brightleft3b-2crightleft.177725456910
\(a=\frac{5}{3}b\); \(c=\frac{5}{6}b\)
\(\Rightarrow3.\frac{5}{6}b-2.\frac{5}{3}b=10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{-5}{6}b=10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b=-12\)
b, Tương tự
Bài làm:
a) \(3a=5b=6c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{10}=\frac{b}{6}=\frac{c}{5}\)
Áp dụng t/c của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
\(\frac{a}{10}=\frac{b}{6}=\frac{c}{5}=\frac{3c-2a}{15-20}=\frac{10}{-5}=-2\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=-20\\b=-12\\c=-10\end{cases}}\)
b) Ta có: \(3a=4b\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{4}=\frac{b}{3}\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{20}=\frac{b}{15}\left(1\right)\)
và \(6b=5c\Leftrightarrow\frac{b}{5}=\frac{c}{6}\Leftrightarrow\frac{b}{15}=\frac{c}{18}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) => \(\frac{a}{20}=\frac{b}{15}=\frac{c}{18}\)
Áp dụng t/c của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
\(\frac{a}{20}=\frac{b}{15}=\frac{c}{18}=\frac{2c-3b+a}{36-45+20}=\frac{-22}{11}=-2\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=-40\\b=-30\\c=-36\end{cases}}\)
Bài 1: Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=k\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=ck\\b=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\dfrac{a}{a+c}=\dfrac{ck}{ck+c}=\dfrac{ck}{c\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\)
\(\dfrac{b}{b+d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk+d}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a}{a+c}=\dfrac{b}{b+d}\)