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a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{56}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: `Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl_2 + H_2`
0,05->0,1----->0,05---->0,05
`=> V_{ddHCl} = (0,1)/2 = 0,05 (l)`
b) `V_{H_2} = 0,05.22,4 = 1,12 (l)`
c) `C_{M(FeCl_2)} = (0,05)/(0,05) = 1M`
Câu 1
\(a)PTHH:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\
b)200ml=0,2l\\
n_{HCl}=0,2.1=0,2mol\\
n_{H_2}=n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0,2=0,1mol\\
V_{H_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479l\\
c)C_{M_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
\(a,n_{Zn}=\dfrac{8,125}{65}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,125->0,25----->0,125->0,125
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a,V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,5}=0,5\left(l\right)\\b,V_{H_2}=0,125.22,4=2,8\left(l\right)\\c,C_{M\left(ZnCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,125}{0,5}=0,25M\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{26}{65}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
0,4 0,8 0,4 0,4
\(a,V_{H_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\\ b,C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,8.36,5}{150}.100\%=19,5\%\\ c,m_{\text{dd}}=26+150-\left(0,4.2\right)=175,2\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,4.136}{175,2}.100\%=31\%\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{20}{80}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,1---->0,1----------------->0,1
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
LTL: 0,25 > 0,1 => CuO dư
Theo pthh: nCu = nH2 = 0,1 (mol)
=> mCu = 0,1.64 = 6,4 (g)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,2
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48l\\
C_M=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\\
n_{CuO}=\dfrac{20}{80}=0,25\left(G\right)\\
pthh:CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\\
LTL:0,25>0,1\)
=>CuO dư
\(n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
m_{Cu}=0,1.64=6,4g\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{36,4}{56}=0,65\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
0,65->1,3----->0,65--->0,65
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a,V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1,3}{0,5}=2,6\left(l\right)\\b,V_{H_2}=0,65.22,4=14,56\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, \(C_{M\left(FeCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,65}{2,6}=0,25M\)
a) Số mol kẽm tham gia phản ứng : \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{m_{Zn}}{M_{Zn}}=\dfrac{16,25}{65}=0,25\left(mol\right)\).
PTHH : \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
Mol : 1 : 2 : 1 : 1
Mol : 0,25 → 0,5 → 0,25 → 0,5
Suy ra, số mol dung dịch Axit Clohidric \(HCl\) tham gia phản ứng là \(n_{HCl}=0,5\left(mol\right)\).
Khối lượng dung dịch đã dùng : \(m_{HCl}=n_{HCl}.M_{HCl}=\left(0,5\right).\left(36,5\right)=18,25\left(g\right)\).
b) Từ câu a, suy ra số mol khí Hidro sinh ra là \(n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\).
Thể tích khí Hydro sinh ra là : \(V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=\left(0,25\right).\left(22,4\right)=5,6\left(l\right)\)
a, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,1--->0,2------->0,1----->0,1
VH2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)
b, \(C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\)
c, \(C_{M\left(ZnCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)