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a,\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
Mol: x x
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
Mol: y y
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+56y=30,7\\x+y=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,3\left(mol\right)\\y=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,3.65.100\%}{30,7}=63,52\%;\%m_{Fe}=100\%-63,52\%=36,48\%\)
b,
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,3 0,6
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,2 0,4
nHCl = 0,6+0,4 = 1 (mol)
\(V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}=0,5\left(l\right)=500\left(ml\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
a. PTHH:
Zn + H2SO4 ---> ZnSO4 + H2 (1)
MgO + H2SO4 ---> MgSO4 + H2O (2)
b. Theo PT(1): \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Zn}=0,5.65=32,5\left(g\right)\)
(Sai đề nhé.)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5mol\)
\(MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\)
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
0,5 0,5
b)\(m_{Zn}=0,5\cdot65=32,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ZnO}=\) ko tính đc do lỗi đề
PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\) (1)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\) (2)
a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{22,4}{22,4}=1\left(mol\right)=n_{Mg}\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=1\cdot24=24\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{24}{32}\cdot100\%=75\%\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{MgO}=25\%\)
b) Theo 2 PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=2n_{Mg}=2mol\\n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=2n_{MgO}=2\cdot\dfrac{32-24}{40}=0,4mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{HCl}=2,4mol\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{2,4\cdot36,5}{7,3\%}=1200\left(g\right)\)
c) Theo PTHH: \(\Sigma n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Sigma n_{HCl}=1,2mol\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma m_{MgCl_2}=1,2\cdot95=114\left(g\right)\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{H_2}=1\cdot2=2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{hh}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=1230\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{114}{1230}\cdot100\%\approx9,27\%\)
Bạn xem lại xem đề cho hỗn hợp gồm gì nhé, nếu là hh CaO và Fe2O3 thì pư với dd HCl không thu được CO2 đâu.
a. PTHH:
\(BaO+2HCl--->BaCl_2+H_2O\left(1\right)\)
\(BaCO_3+2HCl--->BaCl_2+CO_2\uparrow+H_2O\left(2\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(2): \(n_{BaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{BaCO_3}=0,2.197=39,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%_{m_{BaCO_3}}=\dfrac{39,4}{54,7}.100\%=72,03\%\)
\(\%_{m_{BaO}}=100\%-72,03\%=27,97\%\)
b. Ta có: \(m_{BaO}=54,7-39,4=15,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{BaO}=\dfrac{15,3}{153}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_A=0,1+0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(1,2): \(n_{HCl}=2.n_A=2.0,3=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(C_{\%_{HCl}}=\dfrac{21,9}{m_{dd_{HCl}}}.100\%=20\%\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=109,5\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CO2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(BaO+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+H_2O|\)
1 2 1 1
0,1 0,2
\(BaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O|\)
1 2 1 1 1
0,2 0,4 0,2
\(n_{BaCO3}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{BaCO3}=0,2.197=39,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{BaO}=54,7-39,4=15,3\left(g\right)\)
0/0BaO = \(\dfrac{15,3.100}{54,7}=27,97\)0/0
0/0BaCO3 = \(\dfrac{39,4.100}{54,7}=72,03\)0/0
b) Có : \(m_{BaO}=15,3\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{BaO}=\dfrac{15,3}{153}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,2+0,4=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{21,9.100}{20}=109,5\left(g\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
C32:
a, \(n_C=\dfrac{2,4}{12}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(C+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=n_C=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
b, \(n_{NaOH}=0,3.1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{n_{CO_2}}=1,5\) → Pư tạo NaHCO3 và Na2CO3
PT: \(CO_2+NaOH\rightarrow NaHCO_3\)
\(CO_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=n_{NaHCO_3}+n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,2\\n_{NaOH}=n_{NaHCO_3}+2n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaHCO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ mNaHCO3 = 0,1.84 = 8,4 (g)
mNa2CO3 = 0,1.106 = 10,6 (g)
c, \(C_{M_{NaHCO_3}}=C_{M_{Na_2CO_3}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,3}=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(M\right)\)
Lần sau bạn đăng tách câu hỏi ra nhé.
C31:
a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(ZnO+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2O\)
b, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{14,6}.100\%\approx44,52\%\\\%m_{ZnO}\approx55,48\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, \(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{14,6-0,1.65}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}+2n_{ZnO}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{10\%}=146\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,5 1 0,5
\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O|\)
1 6 2 3
0,1 0,6
b) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,5.1}{1}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Fe}=0,5.56=28\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe2O3}=44-28=16\left(g\right)\)
0/0Fe = \(\dfrac{28.100}{44}=63,64\)0/0
0/0Fe2O3 = \(\dfrac{16.100}{44}=36,36\)0/0
c) Có : \(m_{Fe2O3}=16\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe2O3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=1+0,6=1,6\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{HCl}=1,6.36,5=58,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{58,4.100}{5}=1168\left(g\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt