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Ta có : \(\frac{a}{a+\sqrt{2013a+bc}}=\frac{a}{a+\sqrt{a^2+ab+ac+bc}}=\frac{a}{a+\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\)
Theo bất đẳng thức Bunhiacopxki : \(\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}\ge\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{ab}\right)^2}=\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{ac}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\frac{a}{a+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{ac}}=\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}\)
hay \(\frac{a}{a+\sqrt{2013a+bc}}\le\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{b}{b+\sqrt{2013b+ac}}\le\frac{\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}\)
\(\frac{c}{c+\sqrt{2013c+ab}}\le\frac{\sqrt{c}}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}\)
Cộng các bất đẳng thức trên theo vế được \(\frac{a}{a+\sqrt{2013a+bc}}+\frac{b}{b+\sqrt{2013b+ac}}+\frac{c}{c+\sqrt{2013c+ab}}\le1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{a}\\a+b+c=2013\\a,b,c>0\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=671\)
- Theo BĐT Cauchy ta có:
\(\sqrt{a.1}\le\dfrac{a+1}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{b.1}\le\dfrac{b+1}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{c.1}\le\dfrac{c+1}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{ab}\le\dfrac{a+b}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{bc}\le\dfrac{b+c}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{ca}\le\dfrac{c+a}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\le\dfrac{3\left(a+b+c\right)+3}{2}=\dfrac{3.3+3}{2}=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Mà ta có: \(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}=6\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c=1\)
\(M=\dfrac{a^{30}+b^4+c^{1975}}{a^{30}+b^4+c^{2023}}=\dfrac{1^{30}+1^4+1^{1975}}{1^{30}+1^4+1^{2023}}=1\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
$\frac{a}{a+\sqrt{2016a + bc}}=\frac{a}{a+\sqrt{(a+b+c)a + bc}} =\frac{a}{a+\sqrt{(a+b)(c+a)}} \leq \frac{a}{a+\sqrt{(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{ac})^{2}}}=\frac{a}{a+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{ac}}=\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{a}{a+\sqrt{2016a + bc}} + \frac{b}{b+\sqrt{2016b + ca}} + \frac{c}{c+\sqrt{2016c + ab}}\leq \frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}=1$
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Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(P=\sum \sqrt{\frac{ab}{c+ab}}=\sum \sqrt{\frac{ab}{c(a+b+c)+ab}}=\sum \sqrt{\frac{ab}{(c+a)(c+b)}}\)
\(\leq \sum \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{c+a}+\frac{b}{c+b}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a+b}{a+b}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{c+a}{c+a}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy $P_{\max}=\frac{3}{2}$ khi $a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}$
Với \(ab+bc+ca=1\) và a,b,c>0 ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{a^2+1}=\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}\\\sqrt{b^2+1}=\sqrt{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}\\\sqrt{c^2+1}=\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\). Do đó:
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{a^2+1}.\sqrt{b^2+1}}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}=a+b\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{\sqrt{b^2+1}.\sqrt{c^2+1}}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}=b+c\) ; \(\dfrac{\sqrt{c^2+1}.\sqrt{a^2+1}}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}=c+a\)
\(\Rightarrow P=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P^2=4\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge4.3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=4.3.1=12\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge2\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
Vậy \(MinP=2\sqrt{3}\)
\(\sum\dfrac{a}{a+\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\le\sum\dfrac{a}{a+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{ac}}=\sum\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}=1\)