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Fe+2HCl->FeCl2+H2
0,02-0,04--------------0,02
Fe2O3+6HCl->2Fecl3+3H2O
0,03-----0,18 mol
n H2=\(\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}\)=0,02 mol
=>m Fe=0,02.56=1,12g
=>m Fe2O3=4,8g=>n Fe2O3=\(\dfrac{4,8}{160}\)=0,03 mol
=>x=CMHCl=\(\dfrac{0,22}{0,5}\)=0,44M
b)
2Fe+3Cl2-to>2FeCl3
0,02---0,03
=>m Cl2=0,03.71=2,13g
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)=n_{Zn}\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,4\cdot65}{36,2}\cdot100\%\approx71,23\%\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al_2O_3}=28,77\%\)
c) Ta có: \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{36,2-0,4\cdot65}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}+6n_{Al_2O_3}=1,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1,4\cdot36,5}{10\%}=511\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{511}{1,1}\approx464,5\left(ml\right)=0,4645\left(l\right)\)
c) Theo PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnCl_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{AlCl_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{ZnCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,4645}\approx0,86\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4645}\approx0,43\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(4.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3.36}{22.4}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.15.....0.3....................0.15\)
\(m_{Fe}=0.15\cdot56=8.4\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.3}{0.5}=0.6\left(M\right)\)
\(5.\)
\(Đặt:n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{hh}=56a+27b=8.3\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5.6}{22.4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(\Rightarrow a+1.5b=0.25\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=b=0.1\)
\(\%Fe=\dfrac{5.6}{8.3}\cdot100\%=67.47\%\)
\(\%Al=32.53\%\)
bạn ơi cho mik hỏi: tại sao lại suy ra: a+1,5b=0,25 vậy ạ ? và cả bước tiếp theo nx ạ ?
\(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=5,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_2O_3}=16\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{FeCl_3}\)
Lại có : \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}+3n_{FeCl_3}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=292\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V=\dfrac{2920}{11}\left(ml\right)=\dfrac{73}{275}\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{MFeCl_3}=\dfrac{0,2}{\dfrac{73}{275}}=\dfrac{55}{73}\left(M\right)\)
Bài 1:
\(n_{HCl}=2.0,16=0,32\left(mol\right);n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,584}{22,4}=0,16\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
\(m_{H_2}=0,16.2=0,32\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,32.36,5=11,68\left(g\right)\)
Theo ĐLBTKL ta có: \(m_{MgCl_2+FeCl_2}=1,4+11,68-0,32=12,76\left(g\right)\)
Bài 12:
Theo ĐLBTKL, ta có:
\(m_{hhkl}+m_{O_2}=m_{hh.oxit}\\ \Leftrightarrow11,9+m_{O_2}=18,3\\ \Leftrightarrow m_{O_2}=18,3-11,9=6,4\left(g\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
a, PT: \(FeS+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2S\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(H_2S+Pb\left(NO_3\right)_2\rightarrow2HNO_3+PbS_{\downarrow}\)
b, Hỗn hợp khí thu được gồm: H2, H2S.
Ta có: \(n_{PbS}=\dfrac{23,9}{239}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2S}=n_{PbS}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,464}{22,4}-0,1=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ Tỉ lệ số mol H2: H2S = 0,01:0,1 = 1:10
c, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{FeS}=n_{H_2S}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,01\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ mhh = mFeS + mFe = 0,1.88 + 0,01.56 = 9,36 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{FeS}=\dfrac{0,1.88}{9,36}.100\%\approx94,02\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx5,98\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Sửa đề: 6,4 gam hh \(\rightarrow\) 6,45 gam hh
a) Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow24a+27b=6,45\) (1)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,28}{22,4}=0,325\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn electron: \(2a+3b=0,65\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=n_{Mg}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=n_{Al}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot24}{6,4}\cdot100\%=37,5\%\\\%m_{Mg}=62,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Ta thấy với 6,45 gam hh thì có 0,1 mol Mg và 0,15 mol Al
\(\Rightarrow\) Trong 12,9 gam hh thì chứa 0,2 mol Mg và 0,3 mol Al
Gọi \(n_{SO_2}=x\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn electron: \(2\cdot0,2+3\cdot0,3=2x\) \(\Rightarrow x=n_{SO_2}=0,65\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{SO_2}=0,65\cdot22,4=14,56\left(l\right)\)
gọi số mol của Mg là x mol ; Al là y mol => 24x + 27y =6,4
n khí = 7,28/22,4=0,325 mol
bảo toàn e ta có
Mg + H2SO4 --> MgSO4 + H2
x x mol
2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
y 3/2 y mol
=> x + 3/2y=0,325
=> x=11/120 mol ; y=7/45 mol
=> mMg11/120*24=2,2g => %mMg = 2,2*100/6,4=34,375%
=>%mAl=100-34,375=65,625%
nH2 = 0,672/22,4 = 0,03 (mol)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
nFe = 0,03 (mol)
mFe = 0,03 . 56 = 1,68 (g)
mCu = 2,96 - 1,68 = 1,28 (g)
nCu = 1,28/64 = 0,02 (mol)
PTHH:
2Fe + 3Cl2 -> (t°) 2FeCl3
0,03 ---> 0,045
Cu + Cl2 -> (t°) CuCl2
0,02 ---> 0,02
nCl2 = 0,045 + 0,02 = 0,065 (mol)
VCl2 = 0,065 . 22,4 = 1,456 (l)