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Bài 1
nBaCl2= 200 *2.6%= 5.2 (g) ; nBaCl2= 5.2/208=0.025(mol)
nH2SO4=49*10%=4.9(g) ; nH2SO4=4.9/98=0.05(mol)
PTHH
..........................H2SO4 + BaCl2 ➞ 2HCl + BaSO4
Trước phản ứng:0.05 : 0.025...................................(mol)
Trong phản ứng:0.025 : 0.025......... : 0.025 : 0.05(mol)
Sau phản ứng : 0.025 : 0 ......... : 0.025 : 0.05 (mol)
a) mBaSO4=0.025*233=5.825(g)
b) mdd sau phản ứng = 49+200-5.825=243.175(g)
C% (H2SO4) = (0.025* 98)/243.175*100%=1.007%
C% (HCl) = (0.05*36.5)/243.175*100%=0.007%
Bài 2:
nHCl= 73 *25%= 18.25 (g) ; nHCl= 18.25/36.5=0.5(mol)
nAgNO3=34*5%=1.7(g) ; nAgNO3=1.7/170=0.01(mol)
PTHH
..........................HCl + AgNO3 ➞ AgCl + 2HNO3
Trước phản ứng:0.5 : 0.01......................................(mol)
Trong phản ứng:0.01 : 0.01.............. : 0.01 : 0.01(mol)
Sau phản ứng : 0.49: 0 ............... : 0.01 : 0.01(mol)
a) mAgCl=0.01*143.5=1.435(g)
b) mdd sau phản ứng = 73+34-1.435=105.565(g)
C% (HNO3) = (0.01* 63)/105.565*100%=0.0059%
C% (HCl) = (0.49*36.5)/105.565*100%=16.94%
a, \(H_2SO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_{4\downarrow}+2HCl\)
b, Ta có: \(m_{H_2SO_4}=114.20\%=22,8\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{22,8}{96}=0,2375\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{BaCl_2}=400.5,2\%=20,8\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{20,8}{208}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2375}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\), ta được H2SO4 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{BaSO_4}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{BaSO_4}=0,1.233=23,3\left(g\right)\)
c, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=2n_{BaCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,2375-0,1=0,1375\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: m dd sau pư = 114 + 400 - 23,3 = 490,7 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,1375.98}{490,7}.100\%\approx2,75\%\\C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{490,7}.100\%\approx1,49\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{200.16\%}{160}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(CuSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+Na_2SO_4\)
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
\(m_{NaOH}=0,4.40=16\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{16.100}{10}=160\left(g\right)\)
\(c,m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,2.142=28,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddNa_2SO_4}=200+160-\left(0,2.98\right)=340,4\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{28,4}{240,4}.100\%\approx8,34\%\)
\(d,PTHH:\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
0,2 0,2
\(m_{CuO}=0,2.80=16\left(g\right)\)
a, \(CuSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\)
b, \(m_{CuSO_4}=200.16\%=32\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{32}{160}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=2n_{CuSO_4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,4.40}{10\%}=160\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.142}{200+160-0,2.98}.100\%\approx8,34\%\)
d, \(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
\(n_{CuO}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,2.80=16\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_X=\frac{40}{240}.100\%=16,7\left(\%\right)\)
\(PTHH:2NaOH+CuSO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
\(n_X=\frac{200.16,7}{100.40}=0,835\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
\(m_{CuO}=0,835.80=66,8\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_Y=\frac{0,835.142}{200+100-0,835.98}.100\%=42,17\left(\%\right)\)
( k chắc :>>)
Bài 1:
a, Hiện tượng: Có khí mùi hắc thoát ra.
b, Ta có: \(m_{H_2SO_4}=100.24,5\%=24,5\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{24,5}{98}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Na_2SO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+SO_2+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Na_2SO_3}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Na_2SO_3}=\dfrac{0,25.126}{200}.100\%=15,75\%\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{SO_2}=n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ m dd sau pư = 200 + 100 - 0,25.64 = 284 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25.142}{284}.100\%=12,5\%\)
Bài 2:
a, Hiện tượng: Xuất hiện kết tủa trắng.
PT: \(BaCl_2+MgSO_4\rightarrow MgCl_2+BaSO_{4\downarrow}\)
b, Ta có: \(m_{BaCl_2}=200.20,8\%=41,6\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{41,6}{208}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{BaSO_4}=n_{MgSO_4}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddMgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.120}{12\%}=200\left(g\right)\)
c, Ta có: m dd sau pư = 200 + 200 - 0,2.233 = 353,4 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.95}{353,4}.100\%\approx5,38\%\)
a)
\(n_{CúO4}=\frac{100.16\%}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\frac{100.10\%}{40}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(CuSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\)
0,1______ 0,2____________0,1________0,1
\(m_{Cu\left(OH\right)2}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
b)
\(m_{dd.spu}=100+200-9,8=290,2\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{NaOH.du}=\frac{0,3.40}{290,2}.100\%=4,135\%\)
\(C\%_{Na2SO4}=\frac{0,1.42}{290,2}.100\%=4,89\%\)