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Giả sử trong mỗi phần có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu}=b\left(mol\right)\\n_{Zn}=c\left(mol\right)\\n_O=d\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> 56a + 64b + 65c + 16d = 32,21
P1:
nO = nH2O = d (mol)
=> nHCl = 2d (mol)
Theo ĐLBTKL: mrắn bđ + mHCl = mmuối + mH2O
=> 32,21 + 73d = 59,16 + 18d
=> d = 0,49 (mol)
P2:
Gọi số mol HCl, H2SO4 là a, b (mol)
nH2O = nO = 0,49 (mol)
Bảo toàn H: a + 2b = 0,98 (1)
Theo ĐLBTKL: mrắn bđ + mHCl + mH2SO4 = mmuối + mH2O
=> 32,21 + 36,5a + 98b = 65,41 + 0,49.18
=> 36,5a + 98b = 42,02 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,48 (mol); b = 0,25 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,48}{1}=0,48M\\C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,25}{1}=0,25M\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
Theo các pthh trên: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{H_2}=0,2.2=0,4\left(g\right)\\m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Áp dụng ĐLBTKL:
mKim loại + mHCl = mmuối khan + mH2
=> mMuối khan = 12 + 14,6 - 0,4 = 26,2 (g)
pthh fe + 2hcl -> fecl2 + h2
2al2 + 6hcl -> 2l2cl3 + 3h2
zn + 2hcl -> zncl2 + h2
The Eiffel Tower is located in Paris, France. It was constructed between 1887 and 1889 as anentrance way to the 1889 World’s Fair and to celebrate the 100thanniversary of the French Revolution. The Tower was opened to visitors on May 6th, 1889.
Gustave Eiffel’s design was chosen from among 107 designs that were submitted to the World’s Fair design competition. However, many Parisians, especially artists, did not like his design and protested the tower’s construction. They thought it would be an eyesore, but once it was built, most Parisians soon loved the tower.
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The Eiffel Tower has become a symbol of Paris. It is the most recognized monument in Europe mainly because many people think it is an architectural masterpiece. Over 250 million people have visited it since May of 1889.
70.66. How long did it take to build The Eiffel Tower?(1 Point)A. around 2 years B. around 6 years C. 100 yearsD. 60 years
71.67. Who designed The Eiffel Tower? (1 Point)A. the Parisians B. the French RevolutionC. Gustave EiffelD. the World’s Fair
72.68. Why do they repaint The Eiffel Tower frequently?(1 Point)A. to keep it from rustingB. to make it more beautifulC. to attract visitorsD. to display it in the World’s Fair design competition
73.69. How many people have visited The Eiffel Tower until now?(1 Point)A. about 10.000 peopleB. about 324 million peopleC. more than 250 million peopleD. about 189 million people
74.70. What is the major reason for The Eiffel Tower to be a well-known tourist attraction in Europe?(1 Point)A. Because of its history.B. Because it is computerized.C. Because it has architectural beauty.D. Because it is repainted frequently.
Gọi $n_{Fe} = a(mol), n_{Zn} = b(mol) , n_{Al} = c(mol) \Rightarrow 56a + 65b + 27c = 20,4(1)$
$Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2$
$Zn + H_2SO_4 \to ZnSO_4 + H_2$
$2Al +3 H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 +3 H_2$
Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2} = a + b + 1,5c = \dfrac{10,08}{22,4} = 0,45(mol)(2)$
Mặt khác :
$2Fe + 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2FeCl_3$
$Zn + Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} ZnCl_2$
$2Al + 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2AlCl_3$
Theo PTHH : $n_{Cl_2} = 1,5n_{Fe} + n_{Zn} + 1,5n_{Al}$
Suy ra : \dfrac{1,5a + b + 1,5c}{a + b + c} = \dfrac{0,275}{0,2}(3)$
Từ (1)(2)(3) suy ra : a = 0,2 ; b = 0,1 ; c = 0,1
$\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,2.56}{20,4}.100\% = 54,9\%$
$\%m_{Zn} = \dfrac{0,1.65}{20,4}.100\% = 31,9\%$
$\%m_{Al} = 100\% - 54,9\% - 31,9\% = 13,2\%$
\(2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{HCl}=0,2.4=0,8(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} 56.n_{Fe}+27.n_{Al}=22\\ 2.n_{Fe}+3.n_{Al}=0,8 \end{cases}\Rightarrow \begin{cases} n_{Fe}=0,39(mol)\\ n_{Al}=0,007(mol) \end{cases}\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,39.56}{22}.100\%=99,27\%\\ \%m_{Al}=100\%-99,27\%=0,73\% \end{cases}\)
Gọi số mol FeO, Fe2O3 trong mỗi phần là a, b (mol)
=> 72a + 160b = 39,2
P1:
PTHH: FeO + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2O
a---------------->a
Fe2O3 + 3HCl --> 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
b-------------------->2b
=> 127a + 325b = 77,7
=> a = 0,1 (mol); b = 0,2 (mol)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.127}{77,7}.100\%=16,345\%\\\%m_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{0,4.162,5}{77,7}.100\%=83,655\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
P2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}FeO:0,1\left(mol\right)\\Fe_2O_3:0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Muối khan gồm \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Fe^{3+}:0,4\left(mol\right)\\Fe^{2+}:0,1\left(mol\right)\\Cl^-:x\left(mol\right)\\SO_4^{2-}:y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bảo toàn điện tích => x + 2y = 1,4
mmuối = (0,4 + 0,1).56 + 35,5x + 96y = 83,95
=> 35,5x + 96y = 55,95
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,9\\y=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,9}{0,5}=1,8M\\C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,5}=0,5M\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a,m_{P1}=m_{P2}=\dfrac{78,4}{2}=39,2\left(g\right)\\ Đặt:n_{FeO\left(tổng\right)}=2a\left(mol\right);n_{Fe_2O_3\left(tổng\right)}=2b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ -Xét.phần.1:\\ PTHH:FeO+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2O\\ Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}72a+160b=39,2\\127a+162,5.2.b=77,7\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \%m_{FeO}=\dfrac{0,1.72}{0,1.72+0,2.160}.100\approx18,367\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Fe_2O_3}\approx81,633\%\\ \)
\(b,-Xét.phần.2:m_{muối}=m_{Fe}+m_{Cl^-}+m_{SO^{2-}_4}\left(1\right)\\ Đặt:r=n_{HCl}\left(mol\right);s=n_{H_2SO_4}\left(mol\right)\left(r,s>0\right)\\ \left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow56.\left(0,1+0,2.2\right)+35,5r+96s=83,95\\ \Leftrightarrow35,5r+96s=55,95\left(2\right)\\ Mặt.khác,BTĐT:n_{Cl^-}+2.n_{SO^{2-}_4}=2.n_{Fe^{2+}}+3.n_{Fe^{3+}}\\ \Leftrightarrow r+2s=2.0,1+3.0,2.2\\ \Leftrightarrow r+s=1,4\left(3\right)\\ \left(2\right),\left(3\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}r+2s=1,4\\35,5r+96s=55,95\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}r=0,9\\s=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{r}{0,5}=\dfrac{0,9}{0,5}=1,8\left(M\right)\\ C_{MddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{s}{0,5}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,5}=0,5\left(M\right)\)