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Giải:
a) \(\dfrac{12}{16}=\dfrac{-x}{4}=\dfrac{21}{y}=\dfrac{z}{80}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{12.-4}{16}=-3\)
\(\Rightarrow y=\dfrac{16.21}{12}=28\)
\(\Rightarrow z=\dfrac{12.80}{16}=60\)
b) \(\dfrac{1}{3}x+\dfrac{2}{5}\left(x-1\right)\) =0
\(\dfrac{1}{3}x+\dfrac{2}{5}x-\dfrac{2}{5}=0\)
\(x.\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{2}{5}\right)\) \(=0+\dfrac{2}{5}\)
\(x.\dfrac{11}{15}\) \(=\dfrac{2}{5}\)
x \(=\dfrac{2}{5}:\dfrac{11}{15}\)
x \(=\dfrac{6}{11}\)
c) (2x-3)(6-2x)=0
⇒2x-3=0 hoặc 6-2x=0
x=3/2 hoặc x=3
d) \(\dfrac{-2}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3}\left(2x-5\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3}\left(2x-5\right)=\dfrac{-2}{3}-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3}\left(2x-5\right)=\dfrac{-13}{6}\)
\(2x-5=\dfrac{-13}{6}:\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(2x-5=\dfrac{-13}{2}\)
\(2x=\dfrac{-13}{2}+5\)
\(2x=\dfrac{-3}{2}\)
\(x=\dfrac{-3}{2}:2\)
\(x=\dfrac{-3}{4}\)
e) \(2\left|\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}\right|=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\left|\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}\right|=\dfrac{1}{4}:2\)
\(\left|\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}\right|=\dfrac{1}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{1}{8}\) hoặc \(\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{-1}{8}\)
\(x=\dfrac{11}{12}\) hoặc \(x=\dfrac{5}{12}\)
a) \(\dfrac{x}{5}+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{6}{10}\\ \dfrac{x}{5}+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{3}{5}\\ \dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{3}{5}-\dfrac{1}{2}\\ \dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{6}{10}-\dfrac{5}{10}\\ \dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{1}{10}\\ \dfrac{2x}{10}=\dfrac{1}{10}\\ \Rightarrow2x=1\\ x=1:2\\ x=0,5=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b) \(x+\dfrac{3}{15}=\dfrac{1}{3}\\ x=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{3}{15}\\ x=\dfrac{5}{15}-\dfrac{3}{15}\\ x=\dfrac{2}{15}\)
c) \(x-\dfrac{12}{4}=\dfrac{1}{2}\\ x-3=\dfrac{1}{2}\\ x=\dfrac{1}{2}+3\\ x=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{6}{2}\\ x=\dfrac{7}{2}\)
d) \(\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{5}{2}\\ \dfrac{1}{2}x=\dfrac{5}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}\\ \dfrac{1}{2}x=2\\ x=2:\dfrac{1}{2}\\ x=4\)
a. \(\dfrac{2x+5}{10}=\dfrac{6}{10}\Leftrightarrow2x=1\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b. \(\dfrac{15x+3}{15}=\dfrac{5}{15}\Leftrightarrow15x=2\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{2}{15}\)
c. \(\dfrac{4x-12}{4}=\dfrac{2}{4}\Leftrightarrow4x=14\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{7}{2}\)
d. \(\dfrac{1+x}{2x}=\dfrac{5x}{2x}\Leftrightarrow-4x=-1\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
e. \(\dfrac{-4\left(2x-5\right)}{6\left(2x-5\right)}-\dfrac{2}{6\left(2x-5\right)}=\dfrac{9\left(2x-5\right)}{6\left(2x-5\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-8x+20-2=18x-45\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-26x=-63\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{63}{26}\)
a. 5 - 3(x + 4) = -1
⇔ 5 - 3x - 12 = -1
⇔ 3x = -1 - 5 + 12
⇔ 3x = 6
⇔ x = 2
\(d,2x^2-3=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\pm2\)
\(e,x\left(2x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=0\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=1\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) x.(x-1)=0
\(\Rightarrow\)x=0 hoặc x-1=0
\(\Rightarrow\)x=0+1
\(\Rightarrow\)x=1
vậy x=1 hoặc x=0
b) -x.(x+3)=0
\(\Rightarrow\)-x = 0 hoặc x+3 = 0
\(\Rightarrow\)x= 0-3
\(\Rightarrow\)x=-3
vậy x=0 hoặc x=-3
c) (2x-4).(x+2)=0
(2x-4)= 0
2x=0+4
2x=4
x=4:2
x=2
hoặc (x+2)=0
x= 0-2
x=-2
vậy x=2 hoặc x=-2
d) (3-x).|x+5|=0
3-x = 0
x= 3-0
x=3
hoặc |x+5|=0
x+ 5=0
x=0-5
x=-5
vậy x=3 hoặc x=-5
e) (|x|+1).( 4-2x) = 0
(|x|+1) =0
|x|= 0-1
|x|=-1
hoặc( 4-2x) = 0
2x=4-0
2x=4
x=4:2
x=2
g) x2+5x=0
x2=0
x=0
hoặc 5x=0
x= 0: 5
x=0
vậy x=0
2)
a) (x+3).(y-5)= 7
(x+3)và (y-5)\(\in\)Ư(7)=\(\left\{1;-1;7;-7\right\}\)
| x+3 | 1 | 7 | -1 | -7 |
| y-5 | 7 | 1 | -7 | -1 |
| x | -2 | 4 | -4 | -10 |
| y | 12 | 6 | 2 | 4 |
b) xy + 3x - 2y= 11
x( y+3) -2y=11
x(y-3)- 2( y+3) +6 = 11
( y+3) ( x-2) = 5
vì x,y thuộc Z \(\Leftrightarrow\)y+3 và x-2 \(\in\)Z
do đó y+3 và x-2 \(\in\)Ư ( 5)= \(\left\{1;5;-1;-5\right\}\)
| y+3 | 1 | 5 | -1 | -5 |
| x-2 | 5 | 1 | -5 | -1 |
| y | -2 | 2 | -4 | -8 |
| x | 7 | 3 | -3 | 1 |
\(\in\)\(\in\)
c) xy + 3x - 7y= 21
x( y+3) -7y= 21
x( y+3) - 7( y+3)+21= 21
(y+3)( x-7) =0
| y+3 | 0 | |
| x-7 | 0 | |
| y | -3 | |
| x | 7 |
a) \(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3}:x=-7\)
=> \(\frac{2}{3}:x=-7-\frac{1}{3}\)
=> \(\frac{2}{3}:x=-\frac{22}{3}\)
=> \(x=\frac{2}{3}:\left(-\frac{22}{3}\right)\)
=> \(x=-\frac{1}{11}\)
b) \(\frac{1}{3}x+\frac{2}{5}x=0\)
=> \(\frac{11}{15}x=0\)
=> \(x=0\)
c) \(\left(2x-3\right)\left(6-2x\right)=0\)
=> \(\left(2x-3\right)\left(3-x\right).2=0\)
=> \(\left(2x-3\right)\left(3-x\right)=0\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}2x-3=0\\3-x=0\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{3}{2}\\x=3\end{cases}}\)
a) \(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3}:x=-7\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{3}.\frac{1}{x}=-7-\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{3x}=\frac{-21-1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{3x}=\frac{-22}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow-22.3x=6\)
\(\Rightarrow3x=\frac{-6}{22}=\frac{-3}{11}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{-3}{11}:3=\frac{-3}{11}.\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{-1}{11}\)
b) \(\frac{1}{3}x+\frac{2}{5}x=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x.\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{5}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=0\)
c) \(\left(2x-3\right).\left(6-2x\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x-3=0\\6-2x=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x=3\\2x=6\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{3}{2}\\x=3\end{cases}}\)
d) \(x:\frac{3}{4}+\frac{1}{4}=\frac{-2}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow x.\frac{4}{3}=\frac{-2}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow x.\frac{4}{3}=\frac{-11}{12}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{-11}{12}:\frac{4}{3}=\frac{-11}{12}.\frac{3}{4}=\frac{-11}{16}\)
e) \(\frac{3}{4}-\left|x-\frac{2}{3}\right|=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x-\frac{2}{3}\right|=\frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x-\frac{2}{3}\right|=\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-\frac{2}{3}=\frac{1}{4}\\x-\frac{2}{3}=\frac{-1}{4}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{11}{12}\\x=\frac{5}{12}\end{cases}}\)