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c/
\(\Leftrightarrow1+2cos^2x-1+cosx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2cos^2x-cosx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cosx=0\\cosx=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\x=\pm\frac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
d/
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|sinx\right|=a\ge0\\cosx=b\end{matrix}\right.\) ta được hệ:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+3b=2\\a^2+b^2=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2-3b\\a^2+b^2=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2-3b\right)^2+b^2-1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow10b^2-12b+3=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}b=\frac{6+\sqrt{6}}{10}\Rightarrow a=\frac{2-3\sqrt{6}}{10}\left(l\right)\\b=\frac{6-\sqrt{6}}{10}\Rightarrow a=\frac{2+3\sqrt{6}}{10}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow cosx=\frac{6-\sqrt{6}}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\pm arccos\left(\frac{6-\sqrt{6}}{10}\right)+k2\pi\)
b/
\(cos\left(8sinx\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8sinx=k2\pi\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sinx=\frac{k\pi}{4}\)
Do \(-1\le sinx\le1\Rightarrow-1\le\frac{k\pi}{4}\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow k=\left\{-1;0;1\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=-\frac{\pi}{4}\\sinx=0\\sinx=\frac{\pi}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm arcsin\left(\frac{\pi}{4}\right)+k2\pi\\x=\pi\pm arcsin\left(\frac{\pi}{4}\right)+k2\pi\\x=k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
1.
\(8sinx=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{cosx}+\dfrac{1}{sinx}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4sinx=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2cosx}+\dfrac{1}{2sinx}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4sinx=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}sinx+cosx}{sin2x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4sinx.sin2x=\sqrt{3}sinx+cosx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2cosx-2cos3x=\sqrt{3}sinx+cosx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cosx-\sqrt{3}sinx=2cos3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=cos3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\pm3x+k2\pi\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}-k\pi\\x=-\dfrac{\pi}{12}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
2.
ĐK: \(x\ne\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\)
\(sinx+\sqrt{3}cosx=\dfrac{1}{cosx}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sinx.cosx+2\sqrt{3}cos^2x-\sqrt{3}=2-\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}sin2x+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cos2x=1-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(2x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=\dfrac{2-\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=arcsin\left(\dfrac{2-\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)+k2\pi\\2x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\pi-arcsin\left(\dfrac{2-\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{\pi}{6}+\dfrac{1}{2}arcsin\left(\dfrac{2-\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)+k\pi\\x=\dfrac{\pi}{3}-\dfrac{1}{2}arcsin\left(\dfrac{2-\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
2.
\(sin3x+cos2x=1+2sinx.cos2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin3x+cos2x=1+sin3x-sinx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x+sinx-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2sin^2x+sinx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=0\\sinx=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=k\pi\\x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\x=\dfrac{5\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
1.
\(cos3x-cos4x+cos5x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos3x+cos5x-cos4x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2cos4x.cosx-cos4x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2cosx-1\right)cos4x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cosx=\dfrac{1}{2}\\cos4x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\4x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\x=\dfrac{\pi}{8}+\dfrac{k\pi}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/
\(\Leftrightarrow cos3x-\sqrt{3}sin3x=\sqrt{3}cos2x-sin2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}cos3x-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sin3x=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cos2x-\frac{1}{2}sin2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(3x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=cos\left(2x+\frac{\pi}{6}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+\frac{\pi}{3}=2x+\frac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\3x+\frac{\pi}{3}=-2x-\frac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\frac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\x=-\frac{\pi}{10}+\frac{k2\pi}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/
\(\Leftrightarrow cosx-\sqrt{3}sinx=sin2x-\sqrt{3}cos2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}cosx-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sinx=\frac{1}{2}sin2x-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cos2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=sin\left(2x-\frac{\pi}{3}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(2x-\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=sin\left(\frac{\pi}{6}-x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-\frac{\pi}{3}=\frac{\pi}{6}-x+k2\pi\\2x-\frac{\pi}{3}=\frac{5\pi}{6}+x+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{6}+\frac{k2\pi}{3}\\x=\frac{7\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
e.
\(3\left(1-sin^2x\right)-5sinx-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3sin^2x-5sinx+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=\frac{1}{3}\\sinx=-2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=arcsin\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)+k2\pi\\x=\pi-arcsin\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
f.
\(2\left(2cos^2x-1\right)-cosx+7=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4cos^2x-cosx+5=0\)
Phương trình vô nghiệm
g.
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}sin\left(4x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(4x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)=\sqrt{2}>1\)
Phương trình vô nghiệm
h.
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sinx-\frac{1}{2}cosx=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\frac{\pi}{6}=\frac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\x-\frac{\pi}{6}=\frac{5\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\x=\pi+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\text{1) }3sinx-4cosx=1\\ \Leftrightarrow cos^2x+\left(\frac{4cosx+1}{3}\right)^2=1\\ \Leftrightarrow cosx=\frac{-4\pm6\sqrt{6}}{25}\\ \\ \Leftrightarrow x=arccos\left(\frac{-4\pm6\sqrt{6}}{25}\right)+k2\pi\)
\(2\text{) }\sqrt{3}sinx-cosx=1\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}sinx-\frac{1}{2}cosx=\frac{1}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow cos\frac{\pi}{6}\cdot sinx-sin\frac{\pi}{6}\cdot cosx=\frac{1}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=sin\frac{\pi}{6}\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\frac{\pi}{6}=\frac{\pi}{6}+a2\pi\\x-\frac{\pi}{6}=\frac{5\pi}{6}+b2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{3}+a2\pi\\x=\pi+b2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(3\text{) }\sqrt{3}cosx+sinx=-2\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cosx+\frac{1}{2}sinx=-1\\ \Leftrightarrow sin\frac{\pi}{3}\cdot cosx+cos\frac{\pi}{3}\cdot sinx=-1\\ \Leftrightarrow sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=-1=sin\frac{3\pi}{2}\\ \\ \Leftrightarrow x+\frac{\pi}{3}=\frac{3\pi}{2}+k2\pi\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\frac{7\pi}{6}+k2\pi\)
\(4\text{) }cos4x-sin4x=1\\ \Leftrightarrow cos^24x+\left(cos4x-1\right)^2=1\\ \\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cos4x=0\\cos4x=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x=\frac{\pi}{2}+a\pi\\4x=b2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{8}+\frac{a\pi}{4}\\x=\frac{b\pi}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(5\text{) }\sqrt{3}cos4x+sin4x-2cos3x=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cos4x+\frac{1}{2}sin4x=cos3x\\ \Leftrightarrow cos\frac{\pi}{3}\cdot cos4x+sin\frac{\pi}{3}\cdot sin4x=cos3x\\ \Leftrightarrow cos\left(4x-\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=cos3x\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x-\frac{\pi}{3}=3x+a2\pi\\4x-\frac{\pi}{3}=-3x+b2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{3}+a2\pi\\x=\frac{\pi}{21}+\frac{b2\pi}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\frac{\pi}{21}+\frac{k2\pi}{7}\)
\(6\text{) }cos^2x=3sin2x+3\\ \Leftrightarrow\frac{cos2x+1}{2}=3sin2x+3\)
Giải tương tự vd 1 và 4
7) Giải tương tự vd 1 và 4
ĐK: \(x\ne\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\pi;x\ne\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{2sin^2x+cos4x-cos2x}{\left(sinx-cosx\right)sin2x}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sin^2x+cos4x-cos2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sin^2x-1+cos4x-cos2x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2cos^22x-2cos2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cos2x=0\\cos2x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\2x=k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\\x=k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đối chiếu điều kiện ta được \(x=-\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\)
1.
\(sinx-\sqrt{2}cos3x=\sqrt{3}cosx+\sqrt{2}sin3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sinx-\sqrt{3}cosx=\sqrt{2}cos3x+\sqrt{2}sin3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}sinx-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cosx=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}cos3x+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}sin3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=sin\left(3x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=3x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi\\x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\pi-3x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{7\pi}{24}-k\pi\\x=-\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{13\pi}{48}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy phương trình đã cho có nghiệm \(x=-\dfrac{7\pi}{24}-k\pi;x=-\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{13\pi}{48}+\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\)
2.
\(sinx-\sqrt{3}cosx=2sin5\text{}x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}sinx-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cosx=sin5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=sin5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=5x+k2\pi\\x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\pi-5x+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{\pi}{12}-\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\\x=\dfrac{2\pi}{9}+\dfrac{k\pi}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy phương trình đã cho có nghiệm \(x=-\dfrac{\pi}{12}-\dfrac{k\pi}{2};x=\dfrac{2\pi}{9}+\dfrac{k\pi}{3}\)
8sinxcosx - cos4x + 3 = 0
⇔4sin2x - (1-2sin22x) + 3 = 0
⇔sin22x + 2sin2x + 1=0
⇔(sin2x +1) = 0