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nZnCl2 =40,8/136=0,3mol
nNaOH= 0,1.0,5=0,05mol
a)
pt : ZnCl2 + 2NaOH ------> Zn(OH)2\(\downarrow\) + 2NaCl
ncó: 0,3 0,05
n pứ: 0,025<------0,05-------->0,025-------->0,05
n dư: 0,275 0
b)
mZnCl2 dư = 0,275.136=37,4g
mNaCl=0,05.58,5=2,925g
c)
pt : Zn(OH)2 ---to--> ZnO + H2O
n pứ : 0,025------------>0,025
mZnO=0,025.81=2,025g
d)
vdd sau pứ =Vdd NaOH =0,1l
CM(ZnCl2 dư )=0,025/0,1=0,25M
CM(NaOH)=0,05/0,1= 0,5M
a) CuSO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2↓
\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{40}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pT: \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}\)
theo bài: \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{NaOH}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{3}< \dfrac{1}{2}\) ⇒ NaOH dư
b) Theo pT: \(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\times98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
c) \(\Sigma V_{dd}saupư=40+60=100\left(ml\right)=0,1\left(l\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}pư=2n_{CuSO_4}=2\times0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}dư=0,3-0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)
a) CuSO4 + 2NaOH \(\rightarrow\) Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2
b) \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{40}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
CuSO4 + 2NaOH \(\rightarrow\) Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2
=> NaOH dư, CuSO4 hết
=> \(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
c) 40ml = 0,04 lít; 60ml = 0,06 lít
=> Vdd sau phản ứng là: 0,04 + 0,06 = 0,1 lít
Lại có: \(n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\),\(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> CM của Na2SO4 là:\(\dfrac{n}{V}=\) \(\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1M\)
CM của Cu(OH)2 là: \(\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1M\)
a, PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Mg\left(OH\right)_{2\downarrow}\)
\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}MgO+H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{9,6}{24}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,2}=4\left(M\right)\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{MgO}=n_{Mg}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=0,4.40=16\left(g\right)\)
a, \(CuCl_2+2KOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+2KCl\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
b, \(n_{CuCl_2}=\dfrac{20,25}{135}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{KOH}=2n_{CuCl_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{KOH}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,3}=1\left(M\right)\)
c, \(n_{CuO}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CuCl_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,15.80=12\left(g\right)\)
FeCl2+ 2NaOH --> Fe(OH)2 + 2NaCl (1)
4Fe(OH)2 +O2 --to-> 2Fe2O3 + 4H2O (2)
nFeCl2=0,2(mol)
nNaOH=0,5(mol)
Lập tỉ lệ :
\(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\)
=> FeCl2 hết ,NaOH dư
Theo (1,2) : nFe2O3=1/2nFeCl2=0,1(mol)
=> x=16(g)
b) VNaOH=\(\dfrac{m}{D}=\dfrac{200}{1,12}\approx178,6\left(ml\right)\)\(\approx\)0,1786(l)
Theo (1) : nNaOH(PƯ)=2nFeCl2=0,4(mol)
=>nNaOH dư=0,1(mol)
nNaCl=2nFeCl2=0,4(mol)
=> CM dd NaCl\(\approx\)2,24(M)
CM dd NaOH dư\(\approx\)0,6(M)
a)
$K_2SO_4 + BaCl_2 \to BaSO_4 + 2KCl$
b)
$n_{K_2SO_4} = 0,2.2 = 0,4(mol)$
$n_{BaCl_2} = 0,3.1 = 0,3(mol)$
Ta thấy :
$n_{K_2SO_4} : 1 > n_{BaCl_2} : 1$ nên $K_2SO_4$ dư
$n_{BaSO_4} = n_{BaCl_2} = 0,3(mol)$
$m_{BaSO_4} = 0,3.233 = 69,9(gam)$
c) $n_{K_2SO_4} = 0,4 - 0,3 = 0,1(mol)$
$V_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 0,2 + 0,3 = 0,5(lít)$
$C_{M_{K_2SO_4} } = \dfrac{0,1}{0,5} = 0,2M$
$C_{M_{KCl}} = \dfrac{0,6}{0,5} = 1,2M$
PTPU
CuSO4+ Ba(OH)2\(\rightarrow\) BaSO4\(\downarrow\)+ Cu(OH)2\(\downarrow\)
1: 1: 1: 1
ta có: nCuSO4= 0,2. 1= 0,2( mol)
nBa(OH)2= 0,3. 0,5= 0,15( mol)
ta có tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}\)> \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) CuSO4 dư, Ba(OH)2 hết
theo PTPU có: nCuSO4 pư= nBaSO4= nCu(OH)2= nBa(OH)2= 0,15( mol)
\(\Rightarrow\) mchất rắn sau pư= mBaSO4+ mCu(OH)2
= 0,15. 233+ 0,15. 98= 49,65( g)
ta có: nCuSO4 dư= 0,2- 0,15= 0,05( mol)
\(\Rightarrow\) CM CuSO4= \(\dfrac{0,05}{0,2+0,3}\)= 0,1M
Cu(OH)2\(\xrightarrow[]{to}\) CuO+ H2O
..0,15............0,15............ mol
\(\Rightarrow\) mchất rắn sau pư= mBaSO4+ mCuO
= 0,15. 233+ 0,15. 80= 46,95( g)
đổi 200ml = 0,2l , 300ml = 0,3l
nCuSO4=0,2.1=0,2mol
nBa(OH)2=0,3.0,5=0,15mol
a)
pt : CuSO4 + Ba(OH)2 -----> Cu(OH)2 + BaSO4\(\downarrow\)
ncó: 0,2 0,15
npứ: 0,15 <---- 0,15 -------> 0,15 --------> 0,15
n dư: 0,05 0
b) chất CuSO4 dư , Ba(OH)2 hết
c) mBaSO4=0,15.233=34,95g
d)
Vdd sau pứ = Vdd CuSO4 + Vdd Ba(OH)2
= 0,2+0,3=0,5l
CM(CuSO4 dư)= 0,15/0,5=0,3M
CM(Cu(OH)2) = 0,15/0,5=0,3M
e)
pt: 2BaSO4 ---to---> 2BaO + 2SO2 +O2
n pứ : 0,15 ------------> 0,15
mBaO = 0,15. 153=22,95g
Bài 1:
a) CuSO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2↓
\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{40}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}\)
Theo bài: \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{NaOH}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{3}< \dfrac{1}{2}\) ⇒ NaOH dư
b) Theo PT: \(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=m_{CuSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\times98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
c) \(\Sigma V_{dd}saupư=40+60=100\left(ml\right)=0,1\left(l\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}pư=2n_{CuSO_4}=2\times0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}dư=0,3-0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}dư=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)
Bài 2:
ZnCl2 + 2NaOH → 2NaCl + Zn(OH)2↓ (1)
\(n_{ZnCl_2}=0,3\times1,5=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0,1\times1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT1: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}\)
Theo bài: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{9}{2}n_{NaOH}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{9}{2}>\dfrac{1}{2}\) ⇒ ZnCl2 dư
a) \(\Sigma V_{dd}saupư=300+100=400\left(ml\right)=0,4\left(l\right)\)
Theo PT1: \(n_{ZnCl_2}pư=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}\times0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{ZnCl_2}dư=0,45-0,05=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{ZnCl_2}}dư=\dfrac{0,4}{0,4}=1\left(M\right)\)
Theo PT1: \(n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}=0,25\left(M\right)\)
b) Zn(OH)2 \(\underrightarrow{to}\) ZnO + H2O (2)
Theo pT1: \(n_{Zn\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}\times0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pT2: \(n_{ZnO}=n_{Zn\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnO}=0,05\times81=4,05\left(g\right)\)
c) NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O (3)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,1\times36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{3,65}{25\%}=14,6\left(g\right)\)