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a) \(5^{n+2}+26.5^n+8^{2n+1}=25.5^n+26.6^n+8.8^{2n}\)
\(=5^n.51+8.64^n\)
Có \(64\equiv5\) (mod 59)
\(\Rightarrow64^n\equiv5^n\) (mod 59)
\(\Rightarrow8.64^n\equiv8.5^n\) (mod 59)
\(\Rightarrow5^n.51+8.64^n\equiv8.5^n+5^n.51\) (mod 59)
mà \(8.5^n+5^n.51=59.5^n\)\(\equiv0\) (mod 59)
\(\Rightarrow5^n.51+8.64^n\equiv8.5^n+5^n.51\equiv0\) (mod 59)
\(\Rightarrow5^{n+2}+26.5^n+8^{2n+1}⋮59\)
b) \(4^{2n}-3^{2n}-7=16^n-9^n-7\)
Có \(16^n-9^n-7=\left(16-9\right)\left(16^{n-1}+...+9^{n-1}\right)-7=7\left(16^{n-1}+...+9^{n-1}\right)-7⋮\)\(7\) (I)
Có \(16\equiv1\) (mod 3) \(\Rightarrow16^n\equiv1\) (mod 3) mà \(7\equiv1\) (mod 3)
\(\Rightarrow16^n-7\equiv0\) (mod 3) mà \(9^n\equiv0\) (mod 3)
\(\Rightarrow16^n-9^n-7⋮3\) (II)
Có \(9^n\equiv1\) (mod 8)\(\Rightarrow9^n+7\equiv8\) (mod 8)
\(\Rightarrow9^n+7⋮8\) mà \(16^n=2^n.8^n⋮8\)
\(\Rightarrow16^n-9^n-7⋮8\) (III)
Do \(\left(3;7;8\right)=1\)\(,3.7.8=168\)
Từ (I) (II) (III) \(\Rightarrow16^n-9^n-7⋮168\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Đpcm
a) 5n+2+26.5n+82n+1=25.5n+26.6n+8.82n5n+2+26.5n+82n+1=25.5n+26.6n+8.82n
=5n.51+8.64n=5n.51+8.64n
Có 64≡564≡5 (mod 59)
⇒64n≡5n⇒64n≡5n (mod 59)
⇒8.64n≡8.5n⇒8.64n≡8.5n (mod 59)
⇒5n.51+8.64n≡8.5n+5n.51⇒5n.51+8.64n≡8.5n+5n.51 (mod 59)
mà 8.5n+5n.51=59.5n8.5n+5n.51=59.5n≡0≡0 (mod 59)
⇒5n.51+8.64n≡8.5n+5n.51≡0⇒5n.51+8.64n≡8.5n+5n.51≡0 (mod 59)
\(3^{5n+2}+3^{5n+1}-3^{5n}=3^{5n}\left(3^2+3-1\right)=11.3^{5n}⋮11\)
\(\left(3n-2\right)⋮\left(n+1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(3n+3-5\right)⋮\left(n+1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left[3\left(n+1\right)-5\right]⋮\left(n+1\right)\)
mà [3(n+1)]\(⋮\)(n+1) => 5\(⋮\)(n+1) <=> \(n+1\inƯ\left(5\right)=\){-5;-1;1;5} <=>n\(\in\){-6;-2;0;4}
câu 2 làm tương tự