Cho 32,5g Zn tác dụng vs dung dịch có chứa 29,2g HCl. Tính thể tích khí H2( đktc) thu được
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PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=1\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1\cdot36,5}{20\%}=182,5\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,5\cdot22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
+\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
+\(nH_2=n_{Zn}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
+\(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=1\left(mol\right)\)
+\(V_{H2}=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(lit\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=1.36,5=36,5\left(gam\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn\) \(+\) \(2\)\(HCl\) → \(ZnCl_2\) \(+\) \(H_2\)
\(0,5\) \(mol\) → \(1\) \(mol\) → \(0,5\)\(mol\) → \(0,5\) \(mol\)
\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=n.M=1.36,5=36,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{8,125}{65}=0,125mol\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
Xét: \(\dfrac{0,125}{1}\) < \(\dfrac{0,5}{2}\) ( mol )
0,125 0,125 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,125.22,4=2,8l\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\); \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}\) => pư vừa đủ
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
0,2----------------->0,2
=> VH2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
nZn = 0.65 / 65 = 0.01 (mol)
Zn + 2HCl => ZnCl2 + H2
0.01..................0.01......0.01
mZnCl2 = 0.01 * 136 = 1.36 (g)
VH2 = 0.01 * 22.4 = 0.224 (l)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
\(V_{H_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24l\)
\(13,n_{Fe}=\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ .....0,3.....0,6......0,3......0,3\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\ 14,n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{25}{40+12+16\cdot3}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\\ .....0,25.....0,5......0,25......0,25......0,25\left(mol\right)\\ V_{CO_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,25\cdot22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{32.5}{65}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{29.2}{36.5}=0.8\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(1.........2\)
\(0.5......0.8\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0.5}{1}>\dfrac{0.8}{2}\Rightarrow Zndư\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.4\cdot22.4=8.96\left(l\right)\)