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a, Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,65}{65}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{2,3}{36,5}=\dfrac{23}{365}\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,01}{1}< \dfrac{\dfrac{23}{365}}{2}\), ta được HCl dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{Zn}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{23}{365}-0,02=\dfrac{157}{3650}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{157}{3650}.36,5=1,57\left(g\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,01.22,4=0,224\left(l\right)\)
nZn=0.01 (mol)
nHCL=0.06 (mol)
pthh: Zn + 2HCL -> ZnCL2 +H2
PT: 1 2 1 1
ĐB: 0.01 0.06 / /
pứ: 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01
spu: 0 0.04 0.01 0.01
a)vậy chất dư spu là HCL
-> mHCL = 1.46 (g)
b) V H2 đktc = 0.224 (L)
\(a.Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\Rightarrow HCldư\\ n_{HCl\left(pứ\right)}=2n_{Zn}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\\Rightarrow m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,5-0,4\right).36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\\ b.n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\\ c.n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4,=4,48\left(l\right)\\ d.3H_2+Fe_2O_3-^{t^o}\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O \\ n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{19,2}{160}=0,12\left(mol\right)\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,2}{3}< \dfrac{0,12}{1}\Rightarrow Fe_2O_3dưsauphảnứng\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2}{15}\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{15}.56=7,467\left(g\right)\)
a) n\(Zn\)=\(\dfrac{m}{M}\)=\(\dfrac{13}{65}\)=0,2(mol)
n\(HCl\)=\(\dfrac{m}{M}\)=\(\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=\)0,5(mol)
PTHH : Zn + 2HCl->ZnCl\(2\) + H\(2\)
0,2 0,5
Lập tỉ lệ mol : \(^{\dfrac{0,2}{1}}\)<\(\dfrac{0,5}{2}\)
n\(Zn\) hết , n\(HCl\) dư
-->Tính theo số mol hết
Zn + 2HCl->ZnCl\(2\) + H\(2\)
0,2 -> 0,4 0,2 0,2
n\(HCl\) dư= n\(HCl\)(đề) - n\(HCl\)(pt)= 0,5 - 0,4 = 0,1(mol)
m\(HCl\) dư= 0,1.36,5 = 3,65(g)
b) m\(ZnCl2\) = n.M= 0,2.136= 27,2 (g)
c)V\(H2\)=n.22,4=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)
d) n\(Fe\)\(2\)O\(3\)=\(\dfrac{m}{M}\)=\(\dfrac{19,2}{160}\)=0,12 (mol)
3H2 +Fe2O3 → 2Fe + 3H2O
0,2 0,12
Lập tỉ lệ mol: \(\dfrac{0,2}{3}\)<\(\dfrac{0,12}{1}\)
nH2 hết .Tính theo số mol hết
\(HCl\)
3H2 +Fe2O3 → 2Fe + 3H2O
0,2-> 0,2
m\(Fe\)=n.M= 0,2.56= 11,2(g)
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=1\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1\cdot36,5}{20\%}=182,5\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,5\cdot22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
____0,2____________0,2____0,2 (mol)
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
b, \(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{8}{80}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,2}{1}\), ta được H2 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{cr}=m_{Cu}=0,1.64=6,4\left(g\right)\)
$a\big)$
$n_{Zn}=\dfrac{3,25}{65}=0,05(mol)$
$Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2$
Theo PT: $n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,05(mol)$
$\to m_{ZnCl_2}=0,05.136=6,8(g)$
$b\big)$
Theo PT: $n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,1(mol)$
$\to V_{dd\,HCl}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2(l)=200(ml)$
a) Zn + 2HCl →ZnCl2 + H2
b) nZn = 6,5/65 = 0,1 mol . Theo tỉ lệ pư => nH2 = nZn = nZnCl2 =0,1 mol <=> VH2(đktc) = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 lít.
c) mZnCl2 = 0,1 . 136 = 13,6 gam
d) nHCl =2nZn = 0,2 mol => mHCl = 0,2.36,5= 7,3 gam
Cách 2: áp dụng định luật BTKL => mHCl = mZnCl2 + mH2 - mZn
<=> mHCl = 13,6 + 0,1.2 - 6,5 = 7,3 gam
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
\(V_{H_2}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48l\)
\(m_{FeCl_2}=0,2\cdot\left(56+2\cdot35,5\right)=25,4g\)
\(a.Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ b.n_{Zn}=n_{ZnCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,1.136=13,6\left(g\right)\\ c.n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
a) Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
b) mZnCl2 = 0,1 . 136 = 13,6 gam
c) nZn = 6,5/65 = 0,1 mol . Theo tỉ lệ pư => nH2 = nZn = nZnCl2 =0,1 mol <=> VH2(đktc) = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 lít.
nZn = 0.65 / 65 = 0.01 (mol)
Zn + 2HCl => ZnCl2 + H2
0.01..................0.01......0.01
mZnCl2 = 0.01 * 136 = 1.36 (g)
VH2 = 0.01 * 22.4 = 0.224 (l)
nZn=0,65/65=0,01(mol)
Zn+ 2HCl-------> ZnCl2+ H2
0,01 0,01 0,01 (mol)
a) m ZnCl2=0,01*136=1,36 (gam)
b)V H2(đktc)=0,01*22,4=0,224(lit)