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\(a,\Leftrightarrow2x^2+10x-2x^2=12\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{12}{10}=\dfrac{6}{5}\\ b,\Leftrightarrow\left(5-2x-4\right)\left(5-2x+4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(1-2x\right)\left(9-2x\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=\dfrac{9}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\ c,\Leftrightarrow3x^2-3x^2+6x=36\Leftrightarrow x=6\\ d,\Leftrightarrow2\left(x+5\right)-x\left(x+5\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2-x\right)\left(x+5\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\\ e,\Leftrightarrow4x^2-4x+1-4x^2+196=0\\ \Leftrightarrow-4x=-197\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{197}{4}\)
\(f,\Leftrightarrow x^2+8x+16-x^2+1=16\Leftrightarrow8x=-1\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{8}\\ g,Sửa:\left(3x+1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(3x+1-x-1\right)\left(3x+1+x+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow2x\left(4x+2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\ h,\Leftrightarrow x^2+8x-x-8=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+8\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-8\end{matrix}\right.\\ i,\Leftrightarrow2x^2-13x+15=0\\ \Leftrightarrow2x^2+2x-15x-15=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(2x-15\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=\dfrac{15}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=-1\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
d: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-4x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+3=0\)
hay x=-3
`a)16x^2-24x+9=25`
`<=>(4x-3)^2=25`
`+)4x-3=5`
`<=>4x=8<=>x=2`
`+)4x-3=-5`
`<=>4x=-2`
`<=>x=-1/2`
`b)x^2+10x+9=0`
`<=>x^2+x+9x+9=0`
`<=>x(x+1)+9(x+1)=0`
`<=>(x+1)(x+9)=0`
`<=>` \(\left[ \begin{array}{l}x=-9\\x=-1\end{array} \right.\)
`c)x^2-4x-12=0`
`<=>x^2+2x-6x-12=0`
`<=>x(x+2)-6(x+2)=0`
`<=>(x+2)(x-6)=0`
`<=>` \(\left[ \begin{array}{l}x=-2\\x=6\end{array} \right.\)
`d)x^2-5x-6=0`
`<=>x^2+x-6x-6=0`
`<=>x(x+1)-6(x+1)=0`
`<=>(x+1)(x-6)=0`
`<=>` \(\left[ \begin{array}{l}x=6\\x=-1\end{array} \right.\)
`e)4x^2-3x-1=0`
`<=>4x^2-4x+x-1=0`
`<=>4x(x-1)+(x-1)=0`
`<=>` \(\left[ \begin{array}{l}x=1\\x=-\dfrac14\end{array} \right.\)
`f)x^4+4x^2-5=0`
`<=>x^4-x^2+5x^2-5=0`
`<=>x^2(x^2-1)+5(x^2-1)=0`
`<=>(x^2-1)(x^2+5)=0`
Vì `x^2+5>=5>0`
`=>x^2-1=0<=>x^2=1`
`<=>` \(\left[ \begin{array}{l}x=1\\x=-1\end{array} \right.\)
a: (2x+1)(3-x)(4-2x)=0
=>(2x+1)(x-3)(x-2)=0
hay \(x\in\left\{-\dfrac{1}{2};3;2\right\}\)
b: 2x(x-3)+5(x-3)=0
=>(x-3)(2x+5)=0
=>x=3 hoặc x=-5/2
c: =>(x-2)(x+2)+(x-2)(2x-3)=0
=>(x-2)(x+2+2x-3)=0
=>(x-2)(3x-1)=0
=>x=2 hoặc x=1/3
d: =>(x-2)(x-3)=0
=>x=2 hoặc x=3
e: =>(2x+5+x+2)(2x+5-x-2)=0
=>(3x+7)(x+3)=0
=>x=-7/3 hoặc x=-3
f: \(\Leftrightarrow2x^3+5x^2-3x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(2x^2+5x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+3\right)\left(2x-1\right)=0\)
hay \(x\in\left\{0;-3;\dfrac{1}{2}\right\}\)
Bài toán 1 : Tìm x nguyên biết.
a. 3 ≤ x – 2 < 5
=>3-2 < x-2 < 5-2
=>1 < x < 3
=>x=1
Vậy x=1
b. 0 ≤ x – 5 ≤ 2
=>0-5 < x-5 < 2-5
=>-5 < x < -3
=>x=-4
Vậy x=-4
Bài toán 2 : Tính hợp lý.
a. 4567 + (1234 – 4567) -4
=4567+1234-4567-4
=(4567-4567)+(1234-4)
=0+1230
=1230
b. 2001 – (53 + 1579) – (-53)
=2001-53-1579+53
=(2001-1579)+(-53+53)
=422+0
=422
c. 35 – 17 + 2017 – 35 + (-2017)
=(35-35)+[2017+(-2017)]-17-35
=0+0-17-35
=0-17-35
=-52
d. 37 + (-17) – 37 + 77
=(37-37)+[-17+77]
=0+60
=60
e. –(-219) + (-219) – 401 + 12
=0-401+12
=-389
f. |-85| – (-3).15
=85+3.15
=85+45
=130
g. 11.107 + 11.18 – 25.11
=11.(107+18-25)
=11.100
=1100
h. 115 – (-85) + 53 – (-500 + 53)
=115+85+53+500-53
=(53-53)+(115+85+500)
=0+700
=700
k. (-18) + (-31) + 98 + |-18| + (-69)
=-18-31+98+18-69
=(-18+18)+(-31-69)+98
=0+(-100)+98
=-100+98
=-2
Bài toán 4 : Tìm x, biêt.
a. 5x – 16 = 40 + x
5x - x = 40 + 16
4x = 56
x = 56 : 4
x=14
b. 4x – 10 = 15 – x
4x + x = 15 + 10
5x = 25
x = 25 : 5
x = 5
c. -12 + x = 5x – 20
-12 + 20 = 5x - x
8 = 4x
x = 8 : 4
x = 2
d. 7x – 4 = 20 + 3x
7x - 3x = 20 + 4
4x=24
x=24:4
x=6
e. 5x – 7 = – 21 – 2x
5x + 2x = -21+7
7x = -14
x = -14 : 7
x = -2
f. x + 15 = 7 – 6x
x + 6x = 7 - 15
7x = -8
x = -8/7
g. 17 – x = 7 – 6x
17 - 7 = -6x + x
10 = -7x
x=10/-7
h. 3x + (-21) = 12 – 8x
3x + 8x = 12 + 21
11x = 33
x = 33:11
x=3
k. 125 : (3x – 13) = 25
3x-13=125:25
3x-13=5
3x=5+13
3x=18
x=18:3
x=6
l. 541 + (218 – x) = 735
218-x=735-541
218-x=693
x=218-693
x=-475
a: \(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
c: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(3x-1\right)\left(3x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=\dfrac{1}{3}\\x=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(x^2-6x=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left(x-6\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x-1-x-5\right)\left(3x-1+x+5\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x-6\right)\left(4x-4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(9x^2\left(x-1\right)=x-1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(9x^2-1\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(3x-1\right)\left(3x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{3}\\x=-\dfrac{1}{3}\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
d) \(x^2-4=\left(x-2\right)^2\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2-x+2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4\left(x-2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x=2\)
e) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
f) \(x^3-0,36=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2-0,36\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-\dfrac{3}{5}\\x=\dfrac{3}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
g) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(5x-1\right)\left(x-2018\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{5}\\x=2018\end{matrix}\right.\)
h) \(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-5\right)-4\left(x-5\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(x-5\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 3
a) x² + 10x + 25
= x² + 2.x.5 + 5²
= (x + 5)²
b) 8x - 16 - x²
= -(x² - 8x + 16)
= -(x² - 2.x.4 + 4²)
= -(x - 4)²
c) x³ + 3x² + 3x + 1
= x³ + 3.x².1 + 3.x.1² + 1³
= (x + 1)³
d) (x + y)² - 9x²
= (x + y)² - (3x)²
= (x + y - 3x)(x + y + 3x)
= (y - 2x)(4x + y)
e) (x + 5)² - (2x - 1)²
= (x + 5 - 2x + 1)(x + 5 + 2x - 1)
= (6 - x)(3x + 4)
Bài 4
a) x² - 9 = 0
x² = 9
x = 3 hoặc x = -3
b) (x - 4)² - 36 = 0
(x - 4 - 6)(x - 4 + 6) = 0
(x - 10)(x + 2) = 0
x - 10 = 0 hoặc x + 2 = 0
*) x - 10 = 0
x = 10
*) x + 2 = 0
x = -2
Vậy x = -2; x = 10
c) x² - 10x = -25
x² - 10x + 25 = 0
(x - 5)² = 0
x - 5 = 0
x = 5
d) x² + 5x + 6 = 0
x² + 2x + 3x + 6 = 0
(x² + 2x) + (3x + 6) = 0
x(x + 2) + 3(x + 2) = 0
(x + 2)(x + 3) = 0
x + 2 = 0 hoặc x + 3 = 0
*) x + 2 = 0
x = -2
*) x + 3 = 0
x = -3
Vậy x = -3; x = -2
`Answer:`
Bài 1:
a) \(7+2x=22-3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+3x=22-7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x=15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
b) \(8x-3=5x+12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8x-5x=12+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x=15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=5\)
c) \(x-12+4x=25+2x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-12+4x-25-2x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+4x-2x\right)+\left(1-12-25\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-36=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=12\)
d) \(x+2x+3x-19=3x+5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x-19=3x+5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x-3x=5+19\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x=24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=8\)
Bài 2:
a) \(\left(2,3x-6,9\right)\left(0,1x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2,3x-6,9=0\\0,1x+2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=3\\x=-20\end{cases}}}\)
b) \(\left(2x+7\right)\left(x-5\right)\left(5x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+7=0\text{ hoặc }x-5=0\text{ hoặc }5x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{7}{2}\text{ hoặc }x=5\text{ hoặc }x=-\frac{1}{5}\)
c) \(\left(4x+2\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}4x+2=0\\x^2+1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{1}{2}\\x^2=-1\text{(Loại)}\end{cases}}}\)
d) \(\left(x^2-4\right)+\left(x-2\right)\left(3-2x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4+\left(3x-2x^2-6+4x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4=\left(-2x^2+7x-6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4-2x^2+7x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x^2+7x-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-5x-2x+10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x.\left(x-5\right)-2.\left(x-5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right).\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-5=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=5\\x=2\end{cases}}}\)
Lời giải:
a. $(x^2-9)(5x+15)=0$
$\Rightarrow x^2-9=0$ hoặc $5x+15=0$
Nếu $x^2-9=0$
$\Rightarrow x^2=9=3^2=(-3)^2$
$\Rightarrow x=3$ hoặc $-3$
Nếu $5x+15=0$
$\Rightarrow x=-3$
b.
$x^2-8x=0$
$\Rightarrow x(x-8)=0$
$\Rightarrow x=0$ hoặc $x-8=0$
$\Rightarrow x=0$ hoặc $x=8$
c.
$5+12(x-1)^2=53$
$12(x-1)^2=53-5=48$
$(x-1)^2=48:12=4=2^2=(-2)^2$
$\Rightarrow x-1=2$ hoặc $x-2=-2$
$\Rightarrow x=3$ hoặc $x=0$
d.
$(x-5)^2=36=6^2=(-6)^2$
$\Rightarrow x-5=6$ hoặc $x-5=-6$
$\Rightarrow x=11$ hoặc $x=-1$
e.
$(3x-5)^3=64=4^3$
$\Rightarrow 3x-5=4$
$\Rightarrow 3x=9$
$\Rightarrow x=3$
f.
$4^{2x}+2^{4x+3}=144$
$2^{4x}+2^{4x}.8=144$
$2^{4x}(1+8)=144$
$2^{4x}.9=144$
$2^{4x}=144:9=16=2^4$
$\Rightarrow 4x=4\Rightarrow x=1$