cho tam giác ABC có BC=a CA=b AB=c, thỏa mãn (a+b+c)(a+b-c)=3ab. Tìm độ lớn góc C?
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(a+b+c)(a+b-c)=3ab
<=>[(a+b)+c][(a+b)-c]=3ab
<=>(a+b)^2-c^2=3ab
<=>a^2+2ab+b^2-c^2=3ab
<=>a^2+b^2-c^2=ab..(cùng.bớt.2.vế.đi.2ab)
=>a^2+b^2-c^2/ab=1
=>a^2+b^2-c^2/2ab=1/2
=>cos.C=1/2
=>c=60
Giả thiết tương đương:
\(a^4+b^4+c^4+2b^2c^2=2a^2\left(b^2+c^2\right)+2b^2c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+\left(b^2+c^2\right)^2=2a^2\left(b^2+c^2\right)+2b^2c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b^2+c^2-a^2\right)^2=2b^2c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2+c^2-a^2=\pm\sqrt{2}bc\)
\(cosA=\dfrac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc}=\dfrac{\pm\sqrt{2}bc}{2bc}=\pm\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}A=45^0\\A=135^0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}-\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)+bc\left(\dfrac{1}{a+c}-\dfrac{1}{a+b}\right)+ca\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}-\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ab\left(a-b\right)}{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{bc\left(b-c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{ca\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ab\left(a^2-b^2\right)+bc\left(b^2-c^2\right)+ca\left(c^2-a^2\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{matrix}\right.\) hay tam giác cân
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b-c\right)=3ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2-c^2=3ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+2ab-c^2=3ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2-c^2=ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2ab}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow cosC=\dfrac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2ab}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow C=60^0\)