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A = -x2 - y2 + xy + 2x + 2y
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\(a,=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-3=-\left(x-1\right)^2-3\le-3\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
\(b,=-\left(x^2+4x+4\right)+4=-\left(x+2\right)^2+4\le4\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
\(c,=-\left(9x^2-24x+16\right)-2=-\left(3x-4\right)^2-2\le-2\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{4}{3}\)
\(d,=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+3=-\left(x-2\right)^2+3\le3\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
\(x^2+y^2+xy=3\)
Có \(x^2+y^2\ge2xy\) \(\Rightarrow3=x^2+y^2+xy\ge2xy+xy\) \(\Leftrightarrow xy\le1\)
\(x^2+y^2\ge-2xy\) \(\Rightarrow3=x^2+y^2+xy\ge-2xy+xy\) \(\Leftrightarrow-3\le xy\)
Đặt A= \(x^2+y^2-xy=\left(3-xy\right)-xy=3-2xy\)
mà \(-3\le xy\le1\) \(\Rightarrow9\ge3-2xy\ge1\)
=> minA=1 <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy=1\\x=y\end{matrix}\right.\) <=>x=y=1
maxA=9 <=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy=-3\\x=-y\end{matrix}\right.\) <=>\(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\sqrt{3};-\sqrt{3}\right);\left(-\sqrt{3};\sqrt{3}\right)\)
Đặt \(P=x^2+y^2-xy\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{P}{3}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2-xy}{3}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2-xy}{x^2+y^2+xy}\)
\(\dfrac{P}{3}=\dfrac{3x^2+3y^2-3xy}{3\left(x^2+y^2+xy\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+xy+2\left(x^2+y^2-2xy\right)}{3\left(x^2+y^2+xy\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{P}{3}=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{2\left(x-y\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+xy\right)}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\Rightarrow P\ge1\)
\(P_{min}=1\) khi \(x=y=1\)
\(\dfrac{P}{3}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2-xy}{x^2+y^2+xy}=\dfrac{3\left(x^2+y^2+xy\right)-2\left(x^2+y^2+2xy\right)}{x^2+y^2+xy}=3-\dfrac{2\left(x+y\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+xy}\le3\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le9\)
\(P_{max}=9\) khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\sqrt{3};-\sqrt{3}\right);\left(-\sqrt{3};\sqrt{3}\right)\)
a) x2 +x +1 = x2 + x + 1/4 + 3/4 =(x+1/2)2 + 3/4
=> GTNN a) =3/4 khi x=-1/2
b) 4x2 +4x -5 = 4x2 + 4x +1 -6 = (2x+1)2-6
=> GTNN b) = -6 khi x=-1/2
c) (x-3)(x+5) +4 = x2+2x -11 = x2+2x +1-12=(x+1)2-12
GTNN c) =12 khi x=-1
d) x2-4x+y2-8y+6=x2-4x+4+y2-8y+16-14=(x-2)2+(y-4)2-14
GTNN d) =-14 khi x=2 , y=4
\(a,=\left(x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(b,=\left(4x^2+4x+1\right)-6=\left(2x+1\right)^2-6\ge-6\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(c,=x^2+2x-15+4=\left(x+1\right)^2-12\ge-12\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
\(d,=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+\left(y^2-8y+16\right)-14=\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2-14\ge-14\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
với x;y>=0 ta có:
\(A^2=\left(\sqrt{2x+1}+\sqrt{2y+1}\right)^2=2x+1+2y+1+2\sqrt{\left(2x+1\right)\left(2y+1\right)}\)
\(=2\left(x+y\right)+2+\sqrt{4xy+2x+2y+1}=2\left(x+y\right)+2+\sqrt{4xy+2\left(x+y\right)+1}\)
\(2=2\left(x^2+y^2\right)=\left(1+1\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)>=\left(x+y\right)^2\Rightarrow x+y< =\sqrt{2}\)(bđt bunhiacopxki)
\(2xy< =x^2+y^2=1\Rightarrow2\cdot2xy=4xy< =2\cdot1=2\)
\(\Rightarrow A^2=2\left(x+y\right)+2+2\sqrt{4xy+2\left(x+y\right)+1}< =2\sqrt{2}+2+2\sqrt{2+2\sqrt{2}+1}\)
\(=2\sqrt{2}+2+2\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2}=2\sqrt{2}+2+2\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)4\sqrt{2}+4\)
\(\Rightarrow A< =\sqrt{4\sqrt{2}+4}\)
dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=\(\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}\)
vậy max A là \(\sqrt{4\sqrt{2}+4}\)khi \(x=y=\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}\)
\(A=-\left(x^2-4x-3\right)=-\left(x^2-4x+4-7\right)=-\left(x-2\right)^2+7\le7\)
\(A_{max}=7\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
\(A=-x^2-y^2+xy+2x+2y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=-\left(x^2-xy+\frac{y^2}{4}\right)+\left(2x-y\right)-1-\frac{3}{4}y^2+3y-3+\left(1+3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=-\left[\left(x-\frac{y}{2}\right)^2-2\left(x-\frac{y}{2}\right)+1\right]-\frac{3}{4}\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=-\left(x-\frac{y}{2}-1\right)^2-\frac{3}{4}\left(y-2\right)^2+4\le4\forall x,y\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-\frac{y}{2}-1=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=2\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy \(Max_A=\frac{4}{3}\) khi \(x=y=2\)
Cảm ơn <3