cho X, y>=0 sao cho \(X^2\)+\(Y^2\)=1.
Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất và giá trị lớn nhất của A=\(\sqrt{2X+1}\)+\(\sqrt{2Y+1}\)
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với x;y>=0 ta có:
\(A^2=\left(\sqrt{2x+1}+\sqrt{2y+1}\right)^2=2x+1+2y+1+2\sqrt{\left(2x+1\right)\left(2y+1\right)}\)
\(=2\left(x+y\right)+2+\sqrt{4xy+2x+2y+1}=2\left(x+y\right)+2+\sqrt{4xy+2\left(x+y\right)+1}\)
\(2=2\left(x^2+y^2\right)=\left(1+1\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)>=\left(x+y\right)^2\Rightarrow x+y< =\sqrt{2}\)(bđt bunhiacopxki)
\(2xy< =x^2+y^2=1\Rightarrow2\cdot2xy=4xy< =2\cdot1=2\)
\(\Rightarrow A^2=2\left(x+y\right)+2+2\sqrt{4xy+2\left(x+y\right)+1}< =2\sqrt{2}+2+2\sqrt{2+2\sqrt{2}+1}\)
\(=2\sqrt{2}+2+2\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2}=2\sqrt{2}+2+2\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)4\sqrt{2}+4\)
\(\Rightarrow A< =\sqrt{4\sqrt{2}+4}\)
dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=\(\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}\)
vậy max A là \(\sqrt{4\sqrt{2}+4}\)khi \(x=y=\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2y^3-6y^2+7y-3=-2x\sqrt{1-x}+2\sqrt{1-x}+\sqrt{1-x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(y^3-3y^2+3y+1\right)+y-1=2\left(1-x\right)\sqrt{1-x}+\sqrt{1-x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(y-1\right)^3+y-1=2\left(\sqrt{1-x}\right)^3+\sqrt{1-x}\) (1)
Xét hàm \(f\left(t\right)=2t^3+t\)
\(f'\left(t\right)=6t^2+1>0\Rightarrow f\left(t\right)\) đồng biến
Nên (1) tương đương: \(y-1=\sqrt{1-x}\Rightarrow y=1+\sqrt{1-x}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=x+2\sqrt{1-x}+2=-\left(1-x-2\sqrt{1-x}+1\right)+4=-\left(\sqrt{1-x}-1\right)^2+4\le4\)
⇒ P = x + 2 √ 1 − x + 2
= − ( 1 − x − 2 √ 1 − x + 1 ) + 4
= − ( √ 1 − x − 1 ) 2 + 4 ≤ 4
Cho xin một like đi các dân chơi à.
\(gt\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{z}}=1\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{xyz}\left(x\sqrt{2y^2+yz+2z^2}+y\sqrt{2x^2+xz+2z^2}+z\sqrt{2y^2+xy+2x^2}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{xyz}\left(x\sqrt{\dfrac{5}{4}\left(y+z\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(y-z\right)^2}+y\sqrt{\dfrac{5}{4}\left(x+z\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(x-z\right)^2}+z\sqrt{\dfrac{5}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(x-y\right)^2}\right)\)
\(\ge\dfrac{1}{xyz}\left[x.\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(z+y\right)}{2}+y.\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(x+z\right)}{2}+z.\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(x+y\right)}{2}\right]\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(z+y\right)}{2yz}+\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(x+z\right)}{2xz}+\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(x+y\right)}{2xy}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\left(1+1+1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\) (bunhia)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=9\)
Thấy : \(\sqrt{2y^2+yz+2z^2}=\sqrt{\dfrac{5}{4}\left(y+z\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(y-z\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(y+z\right)>0\)
CMTT : \(\sqrt{2x^2+xz+2z^2}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(x+z\right)\) ; \(\sqrt{2y^2+xy+2x^2}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(x+y\right)\)
Suy ra : \(P\ge\dfrac{1}{xyz}.\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left[x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(x+z\right)+z\left(x+y\right)\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\sqrt{5}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
Ta có : \(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}=\sqrt{xyz}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{z}}=1\)
Mặt khác : \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2}{3}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Suy ra : \(P\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\)
" = " \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=9\)
Bạn bình phương lên là tính đc GTLN đó
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