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Gọi nAl = nFe = x (mol)
⇒ 27x + 56x = 8,3 ⇒ x = 0,1 (mol)
PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
a, Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,25.98=24,5\left(g\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeSO_4}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ m muối = 0,05.342 + 0,1.152 = 32,3 (g)
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
a, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}+6n_{Al_2O_3}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=1,2.36,5=43,8\left(g\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}+2n_{Al_2O_3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,4.133,5=53,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2
2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol Fe, Al
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+27y=11\\x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{11}.100=50,91\%\)
=> %m Al = 100 - 50,91 =49,09 %
b)Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\)
c) \(CM_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
\(CM_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{\dfrac{0,2}{2}}{0,2}=0,5M\)
$n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1(mol)$
Quy hỗn hợp về $Fe:x(mol),O:y(mol)$
$\to 56x+16y=30,4(1)$
Bảo toàn e: $3n_{Fe}=2n_O+2n_{SO_2}$
$\to 3x=2y+0,2(2)$
Từ $(1)(2)\to x=0,4(mol);y=0,5(mol)$
Bảo toàn Fe: $n_{Fe_2(SO_4)_3}=0,5x=0,2(mol)$
$\to m_X=0,2.400=80(g)$
