a,b,c thuộc R+ . chứng minh rằng:
\(\frac{ab}{a+3b+2c}+\frac{bc}{b+3c+2a}+\frac{ca}{c+3a+2b}\le\frac{a+b+c}{6}\)
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Áp đụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwartz , ta có :
\(\frac{ab}{a+3b+2c}=\frac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)+2b}\le\frac{ab}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{2b}\right)\)
Tương tự , ta có:
\(\frac{bc}{b+3c+2a}=\frac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)+2c}\le\frac{bc}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{2c}\right)\)
\(\frac{ac}{c+3a+2b}=\frac{ac}{\left(b+c\right)+\left(b+a\right)+2b}\le\frac{ac}{9}\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{b+a}+\frac{1}{2a}\right)\)
Cộng vế theo vế ta có :
\(\frac{ac}{c+3a+2b}+\frac{bc}{b+3c+2a}+\frac{ab}{a+3b+2c}\)
\(\le\frac{ab}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{2b}\right)+\frac{bc}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{2c}\right)+\frac{ac}{9}\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{b+a}+\frac{1}{2a}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{bc}{a+c}\right)+\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{ab}{b+c}+\frac{ac}{b+c}\right)+\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{ac}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{a+b}\right)+\frac{a}{18}+\frac{b}{18}+\frac{c}{18}\)\(=\frac{a+b+c}{6}\)
\(\RightarrowĐPCM\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwartz ta có
\(\frac{ab}{a+3b+2c}=\frac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)+2b}\le\frac{ab}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{2b}\right).\)
Tương tự ta có 2 bất đẳng thức khác nữa
\(\frac{bc}{b+3c+2a}=\frac{bc}{\left(b+a\right)+\left(a+c\right)+2c}\le\frac{bc}{9}\left(\frac{1}{b+a}+\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{2c}\right).\)
\(\frac{ac}{c+3a+2b}=\frac{ac}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+a\right)+2a}\le\frac{ac}{9}\left(\frac{1}{c+b}+\frac{1}{b+a}+\frac{1}{2a}\right).\)
Cộng ba bất đẳng thức lại cho ta \(\frac{ab}{a+3b+2c}+\frac{bc}{b+3c+2a}+\frac{ca}{c+3a+2b}\le\)
\(\le\frac{ab}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{2b}\right)+\frac{bc}{9}\left(\frac{1}{b+a}+\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{2c}\right)+\frac{ac}{9}\left(\frac{1}{c+b}+\frac{1}{b+a}+\frac{1}{2a}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{bc}{a+c}\right)+\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{ab}{b+c}+\frac{ac}{b+c}\right)+\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{bc}{a+b}+\frac{ac}{a+b}\right)+\frac{a}{18}+\frac{b}{18}+\frac{c}{18}\)
\(=\frac{a+b+c}{6}.\) (ĐPCM)
\(P=\sum\frac{ab}{a+3b+2c}=\sum\frac{ab}{a+c+b+c+2b}\le\frac{1}{9}\sum\left(\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{ab}{b+c}+\frac{ab}{2b}\right)=\frac{a+b+c}{6}\)
Dấu "=" có xảy ra tại \(a=b=c\)
\(\frac{ab}{a+3b+2c}=\frac{ab}{a+c+b+c+2b}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{ab}{b+c}+\frac{a}{2}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{bc}{b+3c+2a}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{bc}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{a+c}+\frac{b}{2}\right)\) ; \(\frac{ca}{c+3a+2b}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{ca}{b+c}+\frac{ca}{a+b}+\frac{c}{2}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(A\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{bc}{a+c}+\frac{ab}{b+c}+\frac{ca}{b+c}+\frac{bc}{a+b}+\frac{ca}{a+b}+\frac{a+b+c}{2}\right)\)
\(A\le\frac{1}{9}.\frac{3}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=2\)