cho a,b>0 thỏa mãn a+b=1 .tìm GTNN của A=\(\frac{3a^2}{a+1}+\frac{3b^2}{b+1}\)
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#)Trả lời :
\(VT=\frac{3a}{1+b^2}+\frac{3b}{1+c^2}+\frac{3c}{a+a^2}+\frac{1}{1+b^2}+\frac{1}{1+c^2}+\frac{1}{1+a^2}\)
Tách VT = A + B và xét :
\(A=\frac{3a}{1+b^2}+\frac{3b}{1+c^2}+\frac{3b}{1+a^2}=\)\(\sum\)\(\left(3a-\frac{3ab^2}{1+b^2}\right)\ge\)\(\sum\)\(\left(3a-\frac{3ab}{2}\right)\)
\(B=\frac{1}{1+b^2}+\frac{1}{1+c^2}+\frac{1}{1+a^2}=\)\(\sum\)\(\left(1-\frac{b^2}{1+b^2}\right)\ge\)\(\sum\)\(\left(1-\frac{b}{2}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=A+B=3+\frac{5}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{3}{2}\)\(\sum\)\(ab=\frac{5}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{3}{2}\ge\frac{15}{2}-\frac{3}{2}=6\)
( Do \(a+b+c\ge\sqrt{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=3\))
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
Tham khảo nhé ^^
\(P=\frac{2a+3b+3c-1}{2015+a}+\frac{3a+2b+3c}{2016+b}+\frac{3a+3b+2c+1}{2017+c}\)
\(=\frac{6047-a}{2015+a}+\frac{6048-b}{2016+b}+\frac{6049-c}{2017+c}\)
\(=\frac{8062}{2015+a}+\frac{8064}{2016+b}+\frac{8066}{2017+c}-3\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{8062}+\sqrt{8064}+\sqrt{8066}\right)^2}{2015+2016+2017+a+b+c}-3=\frac{\left(\sqrt{8062}+\sqrt{8064}+\sqrt{8066}\right)^2}{8064}-3\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi ....
1.
Ta có: \(\frac{2a+3b+3c+1}{2015+a}+\frac{3a+2b+3c}{2016+b}+\frac{3a+3b+2ac-1}{2017+c}\)
\(=\frac{b+c+4033}{2015+a}+\frac{c+a+4032}{2016+b}+\frac{a+b+4031}{2017+c}\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}2015+a=x\\2016+b=y\\2017+c=z\end{cases}}\)
\(P=\frac{b+c+4033}{2015+a}+\frac{c+a+4032}{2016+b}+\frac{a+b+4031}{2017+c}\)
\(=\frac{y+z}{x}+\frac{z+x}{y}+\frac{x+y}{z}=\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{z}{y}+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{z}\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{y}{x}\cdot\frac{x}{y}}+2\sqrt{\frac{z}{x}\cdot\frac{x}{z}}+2\sqrt{\frac{y}{z}\cdot\frac{z}{y}}\left(Cosi\right)\)
Dấu "=" <=> x=y=z => \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=673\\b=672\\c=671\end{cases}}\)
Vậy Min P=6 khi a=673; b=672; c=671
Câu 1 thử cộng 3 vào P xem
Rồi áp dụng BDT Cauchy - Schwars : a^2/x + b^2/y + c^2/z ≥(a + b + c)^2/(x + y + z)
Ngoài http://olm.vn/hoi-dap/question/779981.html còn cách khác
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\left(9a^3+3a^2+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{9a}+\frac{1}{3}+c\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\text{∑}\frac{a\left(\frac{1}{9a}+\frac{1}{3}+c\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\text{∑}\left(\frac{1}{9}+\frac{a}{3}+ac\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{a+b+c}{3}+\text{∑}ab\le\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}=1\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(9a^3+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}\ge3\sqrt[3]{9a^3\cdot\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{1}{3}}=3a\)
\(3b^2+\frac{1}{3}\ge2\sqrt{3b^2\cdot\frac{1}{3}}=2b\)
Do đó: \(A\le\text{∑}\frac{a}{3a+2b+c-1}=\frac{a}{2a+b}\left(a+b+c=1\right)\)
\(2A\le\text{∑}\frac{2a}{2a+b}=3-\text{∑}\frac{b}{2a+b}=3-\text{∑}\frac{b^2}{2ab+b^2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(2A\le3-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca}\)
\(=3-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=2\Leftrightarrow A\le1\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1+3a}{1+b^2}=\left(1+3a\right).\frac{1}{1+b^2}=\left(1+3a\right)\left(1-\frac{b^2}{1+b^2}\right)\)
\(\ge\left(1+3a\right)\left(1-\frac{b^2}{2b}\right)=\left(1+3a\right)\left(1-\frac{b}{2}\right)\)
\(=3a+1-\frac{b}{2}-\frac{3ab}{2}\)(1)
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{1+3b}{1+c^2}=3b+1-\frac{c}{2}-\frac{3bc}{2}\)(2); \(\frac{1+3c}{1+a^2}=3c+1-\frac{a}{2}-\frac{3ca}{2}\)(3)
Cộng theo vế của 3 BĐT (1), (2), (3), ta được: \(\frac{1+3a}{1+b^2}+\frac{1+3b}{1+c^2}+\frac{1+3c}{1+a^2}\)\(\ge3\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{a+b+c}{2}-\frac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{2}+3\)
\(=\frac{5\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}-\frac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{2}+3\)
\(\ge\frac{5.\sqrt{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}}{2}-\frac{3.3}{2}+3=\frac{15}{2}-\frac{9}{2}+3=6\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
Cosi: ab <= 1/4
Quy đồng P, ta đc:
P = (2ab+1)/(ab+2).
Ta cm P <= 2/3
<=> 3(2ab+1) <= 2(ab+2)
<=> ab<= 1/4 (đúng)
Vậy maxP = 2/3 khi a=b =1/2