Giải phương trình
\(\sqrt{5x^3+3x^2+3x-2}+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{x^2}{2}+3x\)
ai giải giúp mình bài này với
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
"Hình như" ở 2 mẫu phải cùng là số 2 hoặc -2 vì theo đó, phương trình sẽ có dạng giải được. Mình sửa lại đề theo hướng đó!
\(x=0\) không phải là nghiệm của pt
Xét \(x\ne0\), chia cả tử và mẫu 2 phân số đầu cho x, ta được:
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{3x+\frac{2}{x}-1}-\frac{7}{3x+\frac{2}{x}+5}=1\)
Đặt \(t=3x+\frac{2}{x}\)
\(pt\rightarrow\frac{2}{t-1}-\frac{7}{t+5}=1\Leftrightarrow t\in\left\{-11;2\right\}\)
Thay lại giải ra x.
\(\Leftrightarrow5x^3+3x^2+3x-2=\left(\dfrac{x^2}{2}+3x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x^3+3x^2+3x-2=\dfrac{x^4}{4}+x^2\left(3x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)+\left(3x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x^3+3x^2+3x-2=\dfrac{x^4}{4}+3x^3-\dfrac{x^2}{2}+9x^2-3x+\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow20x^3+12x^2+12x-8=x^4+12x^3-2x^2+36x^2-12x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-8x^3+22x^2-24x+9=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^4-x^3\right)-\left(7x^3-7x^2\right)+\left(15x^2-15x\right)-\left(9x-9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3-7x^2+15x-9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left[\left(x^3-x^2\right)-\left(6x^2-6x\right)+\left(9x-9\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-6x+9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x-3\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(x-3\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy pt có nghiệm \(x=\left\{1;3\right\}\)
ĐK \(x\ne0\)
Chia cả 2 vế cho \(\frac{1}{x}\)ta được
\(\frac{3}{3x-4+\frac{1}{x}}+\frac{13}{3x+2+\frac{1}{x}}=6\)
Đặt \(3x+\frac{1}{x}=y\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{y-4}+\frac{13}{y+2}=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16y-46=6\left(y-4\right)\left(y+2\right)\)
Đến đây tự giải nhé (Phá ngoặc rồi ghép cặp lại)
\(\sqrt{3x^2-5x+1}-\sqrt{x^2-2}=\sqrt{3\left(x^2-x-1\right)}-\sqrt{x^2-3x+4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{3x^2-5x+1}-\sqrt{3}\right)-\left(\sqrt{x^2-2}-\sqrt{2}\right)=\left(\sqrt{3\left(x^2-x-1\right)}-\sqrt{3}\right)-\left(\sqrt{x^2-3x+4}-\sqrt{2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3x^2-5x+1-3}{\sqrt{3x^2-5x+1}+\sqrt{3}}-\frac{x^2-2-2}{\sqrt{x^2-2}+\sqrt{2}}=\frac{3\left(x^2-x-1\right)-3}{\sqrt{3\left(x^2-x-1\right)}+\sqrt{3}}-\frac{x^2-3x+4-2}{\sqrt{x^2-3x+4}+\sqrt{2}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3x^2-5x-2}{\sqrt{3x^2-5x+1}+\sqrt{3}}-\frac{x^2-4}{\sqrt{x^2-2}+\sqrt{2}}-\frac{3x^2-3x-6}{\sqrt{3\left(x^2-x-1\right)}+\sqrt{3}}+\frac{x^2-3x+2}{\sqrt{x^2-3x+4}+\sqrt{2}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x-2\right)\left(3x+1\right)}{\sqrt{3x^2-5x+1}+\sqrt{3}}-\frac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}{\sqrt{x^2-2}+\sqrt{2}}-\frac{3\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\sqrt{3\left(x^2-x-1\right)}+\sqrt{3}}+\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}{\sqrt{x^2-3x+4}+\sqrt{2}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(\frac{3x+1}{\sqrt{3x^2-5x+1}+\sqrt{3}}-\frac{x+2}{\sqrt{x^2-2}+\sqrt{2}}-\frac{3\left(x+1\right)}{\sqrt{3\left(x^2-x-1\right)}+\sqrt{3}}+\frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x^2-3x+4}+\sqrt{2}}\right)=0\)
Dễ thấy: \(\frac{3x+1}{\sqrt{3x^2-5x+1}+\sqrt{3}}-\frac{x+2}{\sqrt{x^2-2}+\sqrt{2}}-\frac{3\left(x+1\right)}{\sqrt{3\left(x^2-x-1\right)}+\sqrt{3}}+\frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x^2-3x+4}+\sqrt{2}}=0\) vô nghiệm
\(\Rightarrow x-2=0\Rightarrow x=2\)
a)
\(\begin{array}{l}\sin \left( {2x - \frac{\pi }{6}} \right) = - \frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin \left( {2x - \frac{\pi }{6}} \right) = \sin \left( { - \frac{\pi }{3}} \right)\end{array}\)
\(\begin{array}{l} \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}2x - \frac{\pi }{6} = - \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \\2x - \frac{\pi }{6} = \pi + \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}2x = - \frac{\pi }{6} + k2\pi \\2x = \frac{{3\pi }}{2} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x = - \frac{\pi }{{12}} + k\pi \\x = \frac{{3\pi }}{4} + k\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\end{array}\)
b) \(\begin{array}{l}\cos \left( {\frac{{3x}}{2} + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \frac{1}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow \cos \left( {\frac{{3x}}{2} + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \cos \frac{\pi }{3}\end{array}\)
\(\begin{array}{l} \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}\frac{{3x}}{2} + \frac{\pi }{4} = \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \\\frac{{3x}}{2} + \frac{\pi }{4} = \frac{{ - \pi }}{3} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{\pi }{{18}} + \frac{{k4\pi }}{3}\\x = \frac{{ - 7\pi }}{{18}} + \frac{{k4\pi }}{3}\end{array} \right.\,\,\,\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right)\end{array}\)
c)
\(\begin{array}{l}\sin 3x - \cos 5x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin 3x = \cos 5x\\ \Leftrightarrow \cos 5x = \cos \left( {\frac{\pi }{2} - 3x} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}5x = \frac{\pi }{2} - 3x + k2\pi \\5x = - \left( {\frac{\pi }{2} - 3x} \right) + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}8x = \frac{\pi }{2} + k2\pi \\2x = - \frac{\pi }{2} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{\pi }{{16}} + \frac{{k\pi }}{4}\\x = - \frac{\pi }{4} + k\pi \end{array} \right.\end{array}\)
d)
\(\begin{array}{l}{\cos ^2}x = \frac{1}{4}\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}\cos x = \frac{1}{2}\\\cos x = - \frac{1}{2}\end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}\cos x = \cos \frac{\pi }{3}\\\cos x = \cos \frac{{2\pi }}{3}\end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}\left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \\x = - \frac{\pi }{3} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\\\left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{{2\pi }}{3} + k2\pi \\x = - \frac{{2\pi }}{3} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\end{array} \right.\end{array}\)
e)
\(\begin{array}{l}\sin x - \sqrt 3 \cos x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{2}\sin x - \frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{2}\cos x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \cos \frac{\pi }{3}.\sin x - \sin \frac{\pi }{3}.\cos x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin \left( {x - \frac{\pi }{3}} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin \left( {x - \frac{\pi }{3}} \right) = \sin 0\\ \Leftrightarrow x - \frac{\pi }{3} = k\pi ;k \in Z\\ \Leftrightarrow x = \frac{\pi }{3} + k\pi ;k \in Z\end{array}\)
f)
\(\begin{array}{l}\sin x + \cos x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2}\sin x + \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2}\cos x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \cos \frac{\pi }{4}.\sin x + \sin \frac{\pi }{4}.\cos x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin \left( {x + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin \left( {x + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \sin 0\\ \Leftrightarrow x + \frac{\pi }{4} = k\pi ;k \in Z\\ \Leftrightarrow x = - \frac{\pi }{4} + k\pi ;k \in Z\end{array}\)
\(a,PT\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x+2+x^2-x\sqrt{3x-2}=0\left(x\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-3x+2\right)+\dfrac{x\left(x^2-3x+2\right)}{x+\sqrt{3x-2}}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-3x+2\right)\left(1+\dfrac{x}{x+\sqrt{3x-2}}\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(1+\dfrac{x}{x+\sqrt{3x-2}}\right)=0\)
Vì \(x\ge\dfrac{2}{3}>0\Leftrightarrow1+\dfrac{x}{x+\sqrt{3x-2}}>0\)
Do đó \(x\in\left\{1;2\right\}\)
\(b,ĐK:0\le x\le4\\ PT\Leftrightarrow x+2\sqrt{x}+1=6\sqrt{x}-3-\sqrt{4-x}\\ \Leftrightarrow x-4\sqrt{x}+4=-\sqrt{4-x}\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)^2=-\sqrt{4-x}\)
Vì \(VT\ge0\ge VP\Leftrightarrow VT=VP=0\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}-2=0\\\sqrt{4-x}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=4\left(tm\right)\)
Vậy PT có nghiệm \(x=4\)
nhân 2 ;^2 rùi rút gọn = máy ; ptnt = máy;=>x=1;3