: Hãy tính thành phần phần trăm theo khối lượng của các nguyên tố trong hợp chất
a) CaCO3
b) Fe2O3
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Khối lượng mol của \(Fe2O3\) là :
\(M_{Fe_2}_{O_3}=56,2+16,3=160\left(g.mol\right)\)
\(\%Fe=\dfrac{56.2}{100}.100\%=70\%\)
\(\%O=100\%-70\%=30\%\)
\(CaCO_3\\ \%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{40}{40+12+3.16}.100=40\%\\ \%m_C=\dfrac{12}{40+12+16.3}.100=12\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_O=100\%-\left(40\%+12\%\right)=48\%\\ H_2SO_4\\ \%m_H=\dfrac{2.1}{2.1+32+4.16}.100\approx2,041\%\\ \%m_S=\dfrac{32}{2.1+32+4.16}.100\approx32,653\%\\ \%m_O=\dfrac{4.16}{2.1+32+4.16}.100\approx65,306\%\\ Fe_2O_3\\ \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{56.2}{56.2+16.3}.100=70\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_O=100\%-70\%=30\%\)
CaCO3
\(\%M_{\dfrac{Ca}{CaCO_3}}=\dfrac{40}{100}.100\%=40\%\)
\(\%M_{\dfrac{C}{CaCO_3}}=\dfrac{12}{100}.100\%=12\%\)
\(\%M_{\dfrac{O}{CaCO_3}}=100\%-\left(40\%+12\%\right)=48\%\)
H2SO4
\(\%M_{\dfrac{H_2}{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{2}{98}.100\%=2,04\%\)
\(\%M_{\dfrac{S}{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{32}{98}.100\%=32,65\%\)
\(\%M_{\dfrac{O}{H_2SO_4}}=100\%-\left(2,04\%+32,65\%\right)=65,31\%\)
Fe2O3
\(\%M_{\dfrac{Fe}{Fe_2O_3}}=\dfrac{112}{160}.100\%=70\%\)
\(\%M_{\dfrac{O}{Fe_2O_3}}=100\%-70\%=30\%\)
a)\(\%Na=\dfrac{23}{23+12+2\cdot16}\cdot100\%=34,33\%\)
\(\%N=\dfrac{12}{23+12+2\cdot16}\cdot100\%=17,91\%\)
\(\%O=100\%-34,33\%-17,91\%=47,76\%\)
Các ý sau tương tự nhé.
`a,` \(K.L.P.T_{Fe_2O_3}=56.2+16.3=160< amu>.\)
\(\%Fe=\dfrac{56.2.100}{160}=70\%\)
\(\%O=100\%-70\%=30\%\)
`b,`\(K.L.P.T_{CaCO_3}=40+12+16.3=100< amu>.\)
\(\%Ca=\dfrac{40.100}{100}=40\%\)
\(\%C=\dfrac{12.100}{100}=12\%\)
\(\%O=100\%-40\%-12\%=48\%\)
`c,` \(K.L.P.T_{HCl}=1+35,5=36,5< amu>.\)
\(\%H=\dfrac{1.100}{36,5}\approx2,74\%\)
\(\%Cl=100\%-2,74\%=97,26\%\)
a: \(\%Fe=\dfrac{56\cdot2}{56\cdot2+16\cdot3}=70\%\)
=>%O=30%
b: \(\%Ca=\dfrac{40}{40+12+16\cdot3}=40\%\)
\(\%C=\dfrac{12}{100}=12\%\)
%O=100%-12%-40%=48%
c: %H=1/36,5=2,74%
=>%Cl=97,26%
\(M_{Fe_2O_3}=56\cdot2+16\cdot3=160\left(đvc\right)\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{112}{160}\cdot100\%=70\%\)
\(\%m_O=\dfrac{48}{160}\cdot100\%=30\%\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Fe=\dfrac{56.2}{56.2+16.3}.100\%=70\%\\\%O=100\%-70\%=30\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 2:
Trong 1 mol X: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ag}=\dfrac{170.63,53\%}{108}=1\left(mol\right)\\n_N=\dfrac{170.8,23\%}{14}=1\left(mol\right)\\n_O=\dfrac{170\left(100\%-63,53\%-8,23\%\right)}{16}=3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy CTHH của X là \(AgNO_3\)
Câu 1:
\(a,\%_{Fe}=\dfrac{56}{180}\cdot100\%=31,11\%\\ \%_N=\dfrac{14\cdot2}{180}\cdot10\%=15,56\%\\ \%_O=100\%-31,11\%-15,56\%=53,33\%\\ b,\%_{N\left(N_2O\right)}=\dfrac{14\cdot2}{44}\cdot100\%=63,63\%\\ \%_{O\left(N_2O\right)}=100\%-63,63\%=36,37\%\\ \%_{N\left(NO\right)}=\dfrac{14}{30}\cdot100\%=46,67\%\\ \%_{O\left(NO\right)}=100\%-46,67\%=53,33\%\\ \%_{O\left(NO_2\right)}=\dfrac{16\cdot2}{46}\cdot100\%=69,57\%\\ \%_{N\left(NO_2\right)}=100\%-69,57\%=30,43\%\)
\(\%Fe=\dfrac{56}{56.2+16.3}.100\%=35\%\\ \%O=\dfrac{16}{56.2+16.3}.100\%=10\%\)
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