Hòa tan 21,1gam hỗn hợp A gồm Zn và ZnO bằng 200g dd HCl (vừa đủ) thu được dung dịch B và 4,48 l khí H2.
Xác định khối lượng mỗi chất có trong hỗn hợp A.
Tính C% của dd HCl đã dùng.
Tính khối lượng muối có trong dd
MK đang cần gấp ,làm phiền mn ạ
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\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\\ Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
\(m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13g\\ m_{ZnO}=29,2-13=16,2g\\ b.n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{16,2}{81}=0,2mol\\ ZnO+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2O\)
0,2 0,4 0,2
\(m_{HCl}=\left(0,4+0,4\right).36,5=29,2g\\ C_{\%HCl}=\dfrac{29,2}{200}\cdot100\%=14,6\%\\ c.m_{ZnCl_2}=\left(0,2+0,2\right).136=54,4g\)
Zn+2HCl->ZnCl2+H2
ZnO+2HCl->ZnCl2+H2O
nH2=0.2(mol)->nZn=0.2(mol).mZn=13(g)
mZnO=21.1-13=8.1(g)
nZnO=0.1(mol)
Tổng nHCl cần dùng:0.2*2+0.1*2=0.6(mol)
mHCl=21.9(g)
C%ddHCl=21.9:200*100=10.95%
n muối=0.2+.1=0.3(mol)
m muối=40.8(g)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(ZnO+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2O\)
a. \(n_{H2}=0,2\rightarrow n_{Zn}=n_{H2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\%m_{Zn}=\frac{0,2.65}{21,1}=61,61\%\)
\(\%m_{ZnO}=38,39\%\)
b. \(m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13\rightarrow m_{ZnO}=8,1\rightarrow n_{ZnO}=0,1\)
\(\rightarrow n_{ZnCl2}=n_{Zn}+n_{ZnO}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=40,8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,2<--0,4<------0,2<-----0,2
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65}{21,1}.100\%=61,61\%\\\%m_{ZnO}=100\%-61,61\%=38,39\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{21,1-0,2.65}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: ZnO + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2O
0,1---->0,2------>0,1
=> \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,2+0,4\right).36,5}{200}.100\%=10,95\%\)
\(m_{mu\text{ố}i}=m_{ZnCl_2}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).136=40,8\left(g\right)\)
Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
ZnO + HCl → ZnCl2 + H2O
nH2 = 4,48/22,4 = 0,2 mol
=> nZn = nH2 = 0,2 mol
<=> mZn = 0,2.65= 13 gam
<=> %mZn = \(\dfrac{13}{21,1}.100\%\) = 61,6% , %mZnO = 100 - 61,6 = 38,4%.
b. nZnO = \(\dfrac{21,1-13}{81}\) = 0,1 mol
=> nZnCl2 = nZn + nZnO = 0,3 mol
<=> mZnCl2 = 0,3.81 = 24,3 gam.
PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)=n_{Mg}\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,5\cdot24}{16}=75\%\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{MgO}=25\%\)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgO}=\dfrac{16\cdot25\%}{40}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}+2n_{MgO}=1,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1,2\cdot36,5}{20\%}=219\left(g\right)\)
c) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgCl_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{H_2}=0,5\cdot2=1\left(g\right)\\m_{MgCl_2}=0,6\cdot95=57\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{hhA}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=234\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{57}{234}\cdot100\%\approx24,36\%\)
Cho mình hỏi ở cái PTHH ấy! sao ta không tính số mol ở dưới??
nH2 = \(\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}\) = 0,2 (mol)
Zn + 2HCl ----> ZnCl2 + H2 (1)
ZnO + 2HCl ----> ZnCl2 + H2O (2)
nZn = nZnCl2 (1) = nH2 = 0,2 (mol)
=> mZn = 0.2 x 65 = 13 (g)
=> mZnO = 21,1 - 13 = 8,1 (g)
=> nZnO = 8,1/81 = 0.1 (mol)
nZnCl2 (2) = nZnO = 0.1 (mol)
C%ZnCl2 = \(\dfrac{152\left(0,2+0,1\right)}{21,1+200}\times100\%=20.62\%\)
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(ZnO+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ZnO}=21,1-13=8,1\left(g\right)\)
Có: \(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{8,1}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}+2n_{ZnO}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\Rightarrow C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{200}.100\%=10,95\%\)
Theo PT: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}+n_{ZnO}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,3.136=40,8\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
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