Với x,y,z thỏa mãn xyz=1 chứng minh
\(\frac{1}{xy+x+1}+\frac{1}{yz+y+1}+\frac{1}{zx+z+1}=1\)
cm theo cách lớp 7
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\(\dfrac{x-y}{z^2+1}=\dfrac{x-y}{z^2+xy+yz+zx}=\dfrac{x-y}{z\left(z+y\right)+x\left(z+y\right)}=\dfrac{x-y}{\left(x+z\right)\left(z+y\right)}\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{y-z}{x^2+1}=\dfrac{y-z}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\);\(\dfrac{z-x}{y^2+1}=\dfrac{z-x}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}\)
Cộng vế với vế \(\Rightarrow VT=\dfrac{x-y}{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\dfrac{y-z}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\dfrac{z-x}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+\left(y-z\right)\left(y+z\right)+\left(z-x\right)\left(z+x\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-y^2+y^2-z^2+z^2-x^2}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}=0\)(đpcm)
ta có :
\(\frac{1}{xy+x+1}+\frac{y}{yz+y+1}+\frac{1}{xyz+yz+y}\)
\(\frac{xyz}{xy+x+xyz}+\frac{y}{yz+y+1}+\frac{xyz}{1+yz+y}\)
\(\frac{yz+y+xyz}{y+1+yz}\)
\(\frac{yz+y+1}{yz+y+1}\)
=1
BĐT <=> \(\sqrt{\frac{x+yz}{xyz}}+\sqrt{\frac{y+xz}{xyz}}+\sqrt{\frac{z+xy}{xyz}}\ge1+\sqrt{\frac{1}{xy}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{yz}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{xz}}\)
Đặt \(a=\frac{1}{x};b=\frac{1}{y};c=\frac{1}{z}\)
Khi đó \(a+b+c=1\)
BĐT <=>\(\sqrt{a+bc}+\sqrt{b+ac}+\sqrt{c+ab}\ge1+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}\)
Ta có \(\sqrt{a+bc}=\sqrt{a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc}=\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\ge\sqrt{\left(a+\sqrt{bc}\right)^2}=a+\sqrt{bc}\)
Khi đó \(VT\ge a+b+c+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}=1+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}=VP\)(ĐPCM)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi x=y=z=3
BĐT cho tương đương với
\(\sqrt{a+bc}+\sqrt{b+ca}+\sqrt{c+ab}\ge1+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\)
Với \(a=\frac{1}{x};b=\frac{1}{y};c=\frac{1}{z};a+b+c=1\)
Ta có:
\(\sqrt{a+bc}=\sqrt{a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc}\)
\(=\sqrt{a^2+a\left(b+c\right)+bc}\ge\sqrt{a^2+2a\sqrt{bc}+bc}=a+\sqrt{bc}\)
Tương tự
\(\sqrt{b+ca}\ge b+\sqrt{ca};\sqrt{c+ab}\ge c+\sqrt{ab}\)
Từ đó ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z=3
\(\frac{x^2}{y+1}+\frac{y+1}{4}\ge x;\frac{y^2}{z+1}+\frac{z+1}{4}\ge y;\frac{z^2}{x+1}+\frac{x+1}{4}\ge z\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)-\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}.2=\frac{3}{2}\)
Do \(xyz=1\)nên:
\(\frac{1}{xy+x+1}+\frac{1}{yz+y+1}+\frac{1}{xz+z+1}=1\)
\(=\frac{1}{xy+x+1}+\frac{x}{xyz+xy+z}+\frac{xy}{x^2yz+xyz+xy}\)
\(=\frac{1}{xy+x+1}+\frac{x}{1+xy+x}+\frac{xy}{x+1+y}=1\)
=> ĐPCM
\(xyz=1\) nên tồn tại \(x=\frac{a}{b};y=\frac{b}{c};z=\frac{c}{a}\)
\(\frac{1}{xy+x+1}+\frac{1}{yz+y+1}+\frac{1}{zx+z+1}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\frac{a}{b}\cdot\frac{b}{c}+\frac{a}{b}+1}+\frac{1}{\frac{b}{c}\cdot\frac{c}{a}+\frac{b}{c}+1}+\frac{1}{\frac{c}{a}\cdot\frac{a}{b}+\frac{c}{a}+1}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\frac{a}{c}+\frac{a}{b}+1}+\frac{1}{\frac{b}{a}+\frac{b}{c}+1}+\frac{1}{\frac{c}{b}+\frac{c}{a}+1}\)
\(=\frac{bc}{ab+ac+cb}+\frac{ac}{bc+ab+ac}+\frac{ab}{ac+bc+ab}\)
\(=\frac{ab+bc+ca}{ab+bc+ca}=1\)