Cho a,b>0 thoả mãn a+b=1
CMR: \(\left(a+\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(b+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(c+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge\frac{25}{4}\)
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Ta có:
\(\frac{a}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}+\frac{a\left(a+1\right)}{8}+\frac{a\left(b+1\right)}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}{64\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}}=\frac{3a}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow LHS+\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca+2\left(a+b+c\right)}{8}\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow LHS\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca}{8}\)
\(\ge\frac{a+b+c}{2}-\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{4}\)
Có ý tưởng đến đây thôi nhưng lại bị ngược dấu rồi :(
BĐT <=> \(\frac{a\left(c+1\right)+b\left(a+1\right)+c\left(b+1\right)}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
<=> \(\frac{ab+bc+ac+a+b+c}{abc+1+ab+bc+ac+a+c+b}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
<=> \(4\left(ab+bc+ac+a+b+c\right)\ge3\left(ab+bc+ac+a+b+c+2\right)\)
<=> \(ab+bc+ac+a+b+c\ge6\)(1)
(1) luôn đúng do \(ab+bc+ac\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}=3;a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}=3\)
=> BĐT được CM
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Biến đổi tương đương ta có :
\(\frac{a}{\left(a+1\right).\left(b+1\right)}+\frac{b}{\left(b+1\right).\left(c+1\right)}+\frac{c}{\left(c+1\right).\left(a+1\right)}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4.a.\left(c+1\right)+4.b.\left(a+1\right)+4.c.\left(b+1\right)\ge3.\left(a+1\right).\left(b+1\right).\left(c+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4.\left(a+b+c\right)+4.\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\ge3.a.b.c+3.\left(a+b+c\right)+3.\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c+ab+bc+ca\ge6\)
Sử dụng thêm bất đẳng thức Cauchy 3 số ta có :
a+b+c \(\ge\)3.\(\sqrt[3]{abc}\)và ab + bc + ca \(\ge3.\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}=3\)
Vậy bất đẳng thức đã được chứng minh . Dấu bằng xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a= b= c =1
Mình áp dụng BĐT AM-GM đến dòng
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca+a+b\ge6\left(1\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM cho 3 số dương ta được
\(ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[2]{\left(abc\right)^2}=3;a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[2]{abc}=3\)
Cộng từng vế BĐT ta được (1). Do vậy BĐT ban đầu được chứng minh
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1
Biến đối tương đương ta có:
\(\frac{a}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}+\frac{b}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}+\frac{c}{\left(c+1\right)\left(a+1\right)}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a\left(c+1\right)+4b\left(a+1\right)+4c\left(b+1\right)\ge3\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(a+b+c\right)+4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge3abc+3\left(a+b+c\right)+3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c+ab+bc+ca\ge6\)
Sử dụng thêm BĐT Cauchy 3 số ta có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}=3\\ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}=3\end{cases}}\)
Vậy BĐT đã được chứng minh. Dấu "=" <=> a=b=c=1
Bạn xem lời giải ở đây nhé https://olm.vn/hoi-dap/question/960694.html
BĐT\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{abc}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{abc}{b^3\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{abc}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}}{\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}.\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}.\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}}\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Đặt \(x=\frac{1}{a};y=\frac{1}{b};z=\frac{1}{c}\). Áp dụng BĐT: AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b+c}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{b+c}.\frac{b+c}{4}}=a\)
\(\frac{b^2}{a+b}+\frac{a+c}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{b^2}{a+b}.\frac{a+b}{4}}=b\)
\(\frac{c^2}{a+b}+\frac{a+b}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{c^2}{a+b}+\frac{a+b}{4}}=c\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
hay \(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu bằng = xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
Đặt \(x=\frac{1}{a};y=\frac{1}{b};z=\frac{1}{c}\Rightarrow xyz=1;x>0;y>0;z>0\)
Ta cần chứng minh bất đẳng thức sau : \(A=\frac{x^2}{y+z}+\frac{y^2}{x+z}+\frac{z^2}{x+y}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Sử dụng bất đẳng thức Bunhiacopxki cho 2 bộ số :
\(\left(\sqrt{y+z};\sqrt{z+x};\sqrt{x+y}\right);\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{y+z}};\frac{y}{\sqrt{z+x}};\frac{z}{\sqrt{x+y}}\right)\)
Ta có : \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2\le\left(x+y+z+x+y+z\right)A\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\frac{x+y+z}{2}\ge\frac{3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\left(Q.E.D\right)\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=y=z=1\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki, ta có:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{a}{\left(ab+a+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ca+c+1\right)^2}\right)\ge\left(\frac{a}{ab+a+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{c}{ca+c+1}\right)^2\)
Mà \(\frac{a}{ab+a+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{c}{ca+c+1}=\frac{a}{ab+a+abc}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{bc}{abc+bc+b}=\frac{1}{b+1+bc}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{bc}{1+bc+1}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a}{\left(ab+a+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ca+c+1\right)^2}\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\ge1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{\left(ab+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ac+c+1\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\frac{a}{\left(ab+a+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ac+c+1\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
ta có \(\frac{a}{ab+a+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{c}{ca+c+1}\)
\(=\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{bc}{bc+b+1}=1\)
đặt \(H=\frac{a}{\left(ab+a+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ac+c+1\right)^2}\)
áp dụng bất đẳng thức bunhiacopxki ta có
\(H\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\left(\frac{a}{ab+a+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{c}{ac+c+1}\right)^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow H\ge\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
hay \(\frac{a}{\left(ab+a+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ac+c+1\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
Theo bất đẳng thức AM - GM, ta có: \(\frac{a^3}{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}+\frac{1+b}{8}+\frac{1+c}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}.\frac{1+b}{8}.\frac{1+c}{8}}=\frac{3}{4}a\Rightarrow\frac{a^3}{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}\ge\frac{3a}{4}-\frac{b+c}{8}-\frac{1}{4}\)Tương tự, ta được: \(\frac{b^3}{\left(1+c\right)\left(1+a\right)}\ge\frac{3b}{4}-\frac{c+a}{8}-\frac{1}{4}\); \(\frac{c^3}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)}\ge\frac{3c}{4}-\frac{a+b}{8}-\frac{1}{4}\)
Cộng vế theo vế ba bất đẳng thức trên, ta được: \(\frac{a^3}{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}+\frac{b^3}{\left(1+c\right)\left(1+a\right)}+\frac{c^3}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)}\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{1}{2}.3\sqrt[3]{abc}-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{3}{4}\)Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
Ta có: \(\left(a+\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(b+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(c+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(=\left(ab+\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)\left(c+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(=\left[ab+\frac{1}{16ab}+\frac{15}{16ab}+\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)\right]\left(c+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\ge\left[2\sqrt{ab.\frac{1}{16ab}}+\frac{15}{4\left(a+b\right)^2}+2\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}.\frac{b}{a}}\right]\left(2\sqrt{c.\frac{1}{c}}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{25}{2}\left(Đpcm\right)\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=\frac{1}{2};c=1\)
nó chưa cho c dương kìa.