Cho 5,6 g kim loại sắt tác dụng vừa đủ với 100 g dung dịch H2SO4
Tính nồng độ phần trăm của dd axit đem dùng?
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Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a. PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 ---> FeSO4 + H2
b. Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(lít\right)\)
c. Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C_{\%_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{9,8}{100}.100\%=9,8\%\)
Fe+H2SO4->FeSO4+H2
0,15---0,15-----0,15---0,15 mol
n Fe=8,4\56=0,15 mol
=>VH2=0,15.22,4=3,36l
=>m H2SO4=0,15.98=14,7g
=>C% H2SO4=14,7\245 .100=6%
=>m dd muối=8,4+245-0,15.2=253,1g
=>C% muối =0,15.152\253,1 .100=9%
\(n_{Al\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{7,8}{78}=0,1mol\\ 2Al\left(OH\right)_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6H_2O\\ 0,1................0,15.............0,05............0,3\\ C_{\%H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,15.98}{300}\cdot100\%=4,9\%\\ C_{\%Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05.342}{7,8+300}\cdot100\%=5,56\%\)
PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
2a______3a__________a_______3a (mol)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
b_______b________b______b (mol)
Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27\cdot2a+24b=7,8\\3a+b=\dfrac{200\cdot19,6\%}{98}=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0,1\cdot24=2,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=5,4\left(g\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{MgSO_4}\\n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=0,4\cdot2=0,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{KL}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=207\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot342}{207}\cdot100\%\approx16,52\%\\C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot120}{207}\cdot100\%\approx5,8\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
200ml = 0,2l
\(n_{KOH}=1.0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O|\)
2 1 1 2
0,2 0,1
\(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{H2SO4}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{9,8.100}{49}=20\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
a)\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Mol: x 1,5x
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + H2
Mol: y y
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+24y=5,1\\1,5x+y=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27.100\%}{5,1}=52,94\%;\%m_{Mg}=100-52,94=47,06\%\)
b)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Mol: 0,1 0,15 0,05
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,1 0,1 0,1
\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{\left(0,1+0,15\right).98.100}{9,8}=250\left(g\right)\)
mdd sau pứ = 5,1+250-0,15.2 = 254,8(g)
\(C\%_{ddAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05.342.100\%}{254,8}=6,71\%\)
\(C\%_{ddMgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.120.100\%}{254,8}=4,71\%\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,1 0,1
\(C\%_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.98.100\%}{100}=9,8\%\)