Cho hai số x>0, y>0. Cmr \(\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\ge\dfrac{1}{x+y}\)
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Lời giải:
Ta có: \(xy+yz+xz=3xyz\Rightarrow \frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=3\)
Mà theo BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\geq \frac{9}{x+y+z}\)
Do đó: \(3\geq \frac{9}{x+y+z}\Rightarrow x+y+z\geq 3\)
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Ta có: \(\text{VT}=x-\frac{xz}{x^2+z}+y-\frac{xy}{y^2+x}+z-\frac{yz}{z^2+y}\)
\(=(x+y+z)-\left(\frac{xy}{y^2+x}+\frac{yz}{z^2+y}+\frac{xz}{x^2+z}\right)\)
\(\geq x+y+z-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{xy}{\sqrt{xy^2}}+\frac{yz}{\sqrt{z^2y}}+\frac{xz}{\sqrt{x^2z}}\right)\) (AM-GM)
\(=x+y+z-\frac{1}{2}(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z})\)
Tiếp tục AM-GM: \(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\leq \frac{x+1}{2}+\frac{y+1}{2}+\frac{z+1}{2}=\frac{x+y+z+3}{2}\)
Suy ra:
\(\text{VT}\geq x+y+z-\frac{1}{2}.\frac{x+y+z+3}{2}=\frac{3}{4}(x+y+z)-\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\geq \frac{9}{4}-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{3}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Ta có đpcm
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $x=y=z=1$
\(VT=\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2}{\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}}+\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^2}{\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}}+\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2}{\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{z}}\ge\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2}{2\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
Dâu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z\)
Lời giải:
Xét hiệu \((x+y)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)-4=\left(1+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}+1\right)-4\)
\(=\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}-2=\frac{x^2+y^2}{xy}-2=\frac{x^2+y^2-2xy}{xy}=\frac{(x-y)^2}{xy}\geq 0, \forall x,y>0\)
Do đó \((x+y)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\geq 4\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \((x-y)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=y\)
Khó quá. Đúng là Câu Hỏi Hay!!
a)Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{abc}}\)
Nhân theo vế 2 BĐT trên có:
\(A\ge9\sqrt[3]{abc\cdot\dfrac{1}{abc}}=9\)
Khi \(a=b=c\)
Bài 2:
a)Sửa đề \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có:
\(VT=\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{x+y}=\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
Khi \(x=y\)
b)Áp dụng BĐT \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\) ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b-c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c-a}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b-c+b+c-a}=\dfrac{4}{2b}=\dfrac{2}{b}\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại cũng có:
\(\dfrac{1}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{1}{c+a-b}\ge\dfrac{2}{c};\dfrac{1}{c+a-b}+\dfrac{1}{a+b-c}\ge\dfrac{2}{a}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(2VT\ge2\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=2VP\Leftrightarrow VT\ge VP\)
Khi \(a=b=c\)
Câu 1: Với \(a;b;c>0\), theo bất đẳng thức Cauchy:
\(a+b+c\ge3.\sqrt[3]{abc}\). Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge3.\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{abc}}\). Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\dfrac{1}{a}=\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{1}{c}\)
Nhân theo vế ta được \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
\(\Rightarrow MinA=9\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c
\(\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{x^2}+4\ge3\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{x^2}+4\right)\ge6\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{2y^2}{x^2}+8\ge\dfrac{6x}{y}+\dfrac{6y}{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}+2+\dfrac{y^2}{x^2}\right)-4\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\right)+4+\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}-2.\dfrac{x}{y}+1+\dfrac{y^2}{x^2}-2.\dfrac{y}{x}+1\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\right)^2-4.\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\right)+4+\left(\dfrac{x}{y}-1\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{y}{x}-1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}-2\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{x}{y}-1\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{y}{x}-1\right)^2\ge0^{\left(1\right)}\)
\(^{\left(1\right)}\)đúng \(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
Áp dụng BĐT : x4 + y4 ≥ 2x2y2
=> \(\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{x^2}\) ≥ 2 ( x , y > 0 )
TT , \(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\) ≥ 2 ( x , y > 0 )
Ta có : \(\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{x^2}\) + 4 ≥ 6 ( 1 )
\(3\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\right)\) ≥ 6 ( 2 )
Từ ( 1 ; 2) => đpcm
Ta cần chứng minh \((1+a)(1+b)(1+c) \geq (1+\sqrt[3]{abc})^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 1+abc+ab+bc+ca+a+b+c \geq 1+3\sqrt[3]{(abc)^2}+3\sqrt[3]{abc}+abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca+a+b+c \geq 3\sqrt[3]{(abc)^2}+3\sqrt[3]{abc}\)
Đúng theo BĐT AM-GM. Áp dụng vào ta có:
\(\left(1+\frac{1}{x} \right)\left(1+\frac{1}{y} \right)\left(1+\frac{1}{z} \right)=\dfrac{(1+x)(1+y)(1+z)}{xyz} \geq \dfrac{(1+\sqrt[3]{xyz})^3}{xyz} \geq 64\)
Từ \(x+y+z=1\Rightarrow xyz\le \frac{1}{27}\)
\(\Rightarrow \dfrac{(1+\sqrt[3]{xyz})^3}{xyz}=\bigg(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}+1\bigg)^3 \geq 64\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Áp dụng trực tiếp BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(1+\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{1}{x}\left(x+y+z+x\right)\ge\dfrac{1}{x}4\sqrt[4]{x^2yz}\)
\(\Rightarrow1+\dfrac{1}{x}\ge\dfrac{4}{x}\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{x^4yz}{x^2}}=4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{yz}{x^2}}\)
Tương tự ta có: \(1+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{xz}{y^2}};1+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{xy}{z^2}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(1+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{yz}{x^2}}4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{xz}{y^2}}4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{xy}{z^2}}=64\)
Còn tỉ tỉ cách nữa đây, cần thì nhắn tin ==
Bài 1:
\(P=(x+1)\left(1+\frac{1}{y}\right)+(y+1)\left(1+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)
\(=2+x+y+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:
\(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\geq 2\)
\(x+\frac{1}{2x}\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}=\sqrt{2}\)
\(y+\frac{1}{2y}\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}=\sqrt{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT SVac-xơ kết hợp với Cô-si:
\(\frac{1}{2x}+\frac{1}{2y}\geq \frac{4}{2x+2y}=\frac{2}{x+y}\geq \frac{2}{\sqrt{2(x^2+y^2)}}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{2}\)
Cộng các BĐT trên :
\(\Rightarrow P\geq 2+2+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}=4+3\sqrt{2}\)
Vậy \(P_{\min}=4+3\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow a=b=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
Bài 2:
Áp dụng BĐT Svac-xơ:
\(\frac{1}{a+3b}+\frac{1}{b+a+2c}\geq \frac{4}{2a+4b+2c}=\frac{2}{a+2b+c}\)
\(\frac{1}{b+3c}+\frac{1}{b+c+2a}\geq \frac{4}{2b+4c+2a}=\frac{2}{b+2c+a}\)
\(\frac{1}{c+3a}+\frac{1}{c+a+2b}\geq \frac{4}{2c+4a+2b}=\frac{2}{c+2a+b}\)
Cộng theo vế và rút gọn :
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{a+3b}+\frac{1}{b+3c}+\frac{1}{c+3a}\geq \frac{1}{2a+b+c}+\frac{1}{2b+c+a}+\frac{1}{2c+a+b}\) (đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
Bài 1:
a: \(A=\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}-\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{xy}+y\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{x-\sqrt{xy}+y}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{xy}+y-x-\sqrt{xy}-y}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{x-\sqrt{xy}+y}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{x-\sqrt{xy}+y}\)
b: \(\sqrt{xy}>=0;x-\sqrt{xy}+y>0\)
Do đó: A>=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+y}{xy}>=\dfrac{1}{x+y}:\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2>=4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2>=0\)(luôn đúng)