Cho a,b,c là số thực k âm thỏa mãn \(a^2+b^2+c^2=1\)
CMR \(\dfrac{c}{1+ab}+\dfrac{b}{1+ac}+\dfrac{a}{1+bc}\ge1\)
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
\(VT\ge\dfrac{1}{\left(a^2+1\right)-1}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b^2+1\right)-1}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c^2+1\right)-1}+4-\dfrac{4}{ab+1}+4-\dfrac{4}{bc+1}+4-\dfrac{4}{ca+1}\)
\(VT\ge\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}-\dfrac{4}{ab+1}-\dfrac{4}{bc+1}-\dfrac{4}{ca+1}+12\)
Mặt khác \(a;b;c\ge1\Rightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\ge0\Rightarrow ab+1\ge a+b\) (và tương tự...)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}-\dfrac{4}{a+b}-\dfrac{4}{b+c}-\dfrac{4}{c+a}+12\)
\(VT\ge\dfrac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\dfrac{4}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\dfrac{4}{\left(c+a\right)^2}-\dfrac{4}{a+b}-\dfrac{4}{b+c}-\dfrac{4}{c+a}+1+1+1+9\)
\(VT\ge\left(\dfrac{2}{a+b}-1\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{2}{b+c}-1\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{2}{c+a}-1\right)^2+9\ge9\)
Đặt \(a=\dfrac{yz}{x^2};b=\dfrac{zx}{y^2};c=\dfrac{xy}{z^2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT BSC:
\(\dfrac{1}{a^2+a+1}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+b+1}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+c+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^4}{x^4+x^2yz+y^2z^2}+\dfrac{y^4}{y^4+y^2zx+z^2x^2}+\dfrac{z^4}{z^4+z^2xy+x^2y^2}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{x^4+y^4+z^4+x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2+xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
Ta cần chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{x^4+y^4+z^4+x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2+xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2\ge x^4+y^4+z^4+x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2+xyz\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2-xy.yz-yz.zx-zx.xy\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xy-yz\right)^2+\left(yz-zx\right)^2+\left(zx-xy\right)^2\ge0,\forall x,y,z\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
$(a^2+b^2+1)(1+1+c^2)\geq (a+b+c)^2$
$\Rightarrow \frac{1}{a^2+b^2+1}\leq \frac{c^2+2}{(a+b+c)^2}$
Hoàn toàn tương tự với các phân thức còn lại và cộng theo vế:
$\text{VT}\leq \frac{a^2+b^2+c^2+6}{(a+b+c)^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2+6}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2(ab+bc+ac)}\leq \frac{a^2+b^2+c^2+6}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2.3}=1$
Ta có đpcm.
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=1$
1.
- Với \(a+b\ge4\Rightarrow A\le0\)
- Với \(a+b< 4\Rightarrow4-a-b>0\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{a}{2}.\dfrac{a}{2}.b.\left(4-a-b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\dfrac{1}{64}\left(\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{a}{2}+b+4-a-b\right)^4=4\)
\(A_{max}=4\) khi \(\left(a;b\right)=\left(2;1\right)\)
2.
\(P=a+\dfrac{1}{2}.a.2b\left(1+2c\right)\le a+\dfrac{a}{8}\left(2b+1+2c\right)^2\)
\(P\le a+\dfrac{a}{8}\left(7-2a\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{8}\left(4a^3-28a^2+57a-36\right)+\dfrac{9}{2}\)
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{8}\left(a-4\right)\left(2a-3\right)^2+\dfrac{9}{2}\le\dfrac{9}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\dfrac{3}{2};1;\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)
Câu 3 bạn xem lại đề, mình có thể chắc chắn với bạn là đề sai
Ví dụ bạn cho \(x=98,y=100\) thì vế trái chỉ lớn hơn 8 một chút
Đề đúng phải là: \(\left(x+y\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)+\dfrac{16xy}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\ge12\)
\(c\left(1+ab\right)\le c\left(1+\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\right)=c\left(1+\dfrac{1-c^2}{2}\right)=1-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(c-1\right)^2\left(c+2\right)\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow c^2\left(1+ab\right)\le c\Rightarrow\dfrac{c}{1+ab}\ge c^2\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{1+bc}\ge a^2\) ; \(\dfrac{b}{1+ac}\ge b^2\)
Cộng vế: \(VT\ge a^2+b^2+c^2=1\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(0;0;1\right)\) và các hoán vị
Cách 2:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\(\text{VT}[a(1+bc)+b(1+ac)+c(1+ab)]\geq (a+b+c)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{a+b+c+3abc}\)
Ta sẽ CM:
\(\frac{(a+b+c)^2}{a+b+c+3abc}\geq 1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 1+2(ab+bc+ac)\geq a+b+c+3abc\)
Vì $a^2+b^2+c^2=1\Rightarrow a,b,c\leq 1$
$\Rightarrow (a-1)(b-1)(c-1)\leq 0$
$\Leftrightarrow 1+ ab+bc+ac\geq a+b+c+abc(1)$
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
$ab+bc+ac\geq 3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2.abc}=3abc\geq 2abc(2)$
Từ $(1);(2)\Rightarrow 1+2(ab+bc+ac)\geq a+b+c+3abc$
Ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $(a,b,c)=(1,0,0)$ và hoán vị.
Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{a};\sqrt{b};\sqrt{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow x+y+z=1\)
BĐT trở thành: \(\dfrac{xy}{\sqrt{x^2+y^2+2z^2}}+\dfrac{yz}{\sqrt{y^2+z^2+2x^2}}+\dfrac{zx}{\sqrt{x^2+z^2+2y^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Ta có:
\(x^2+z^2+y^2+z^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+z\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(y+z\right)^2\ge\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{xy}{\sqrt{x^2+y^2+2z^2}}\le\dfrac{xy}{\sqrt{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{xy}{x+z}+\dfrac{xy}{y+z}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{yz}{\sqrt{y^2+z^2+2x^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{yz}{x+y}+\dfrac{yz}{x+z}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{zx}{\sqrt{z^2+x^2+2y^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{zx}{x+y}+\dfrac{zx}{y+z}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{zx+yz}{x+y}+\dfrac{xy+zx}{y+z}+\dfrac{yz+xy}{z+x}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z\) hay \(a=b=c\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a+2}+\dfrac{1}{b+2}+\dfrac{1}{c+2}\ge1\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{a+2}+\dfrac{2}{b+2}+\dfrac{2}{c+2}\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{a+2}+\dfrac{b}{b+2}+\dfrac{c}{c+2}\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+2a}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+2b}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+2c}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\) đpcm
\(a^2+b^2-ab\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2}{a+b}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b^2-bc+c^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{c^2-ca+a^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)\)
Cộng vế:
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
sai đề