chung minh rang
a) (1-2x)(x-1)-5<0
b) -x^2-y^2+2x+2y-3<0
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1) a) \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1>0\\x+3< 0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1< 0\\x+3>0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>1\\x< -3\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< 1\\x>-3\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow-3< x< 1\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-2,-1,0\right\}\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-2,-1,0\right\}\) thì \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)< 0\)
b) \(\left(2x-4\right)\left(x+5\right)< 0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+5\right)< 0\)
\(\text{}\text{}\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2>0\\x+5< 0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2< 0\\x+5>0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>2\\x< -5\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< 2\\x>-5\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow-5< x< 2\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1\right\}\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1\right\}\) thì (2x-4)(x+5)<0
2) a) \(\left(2y+1\right)\left(2x-1\right)=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2y+1\right);\left(2x-1\right)\inƯ\left(3\right)=\left\{\pm1,\pm3\right\}\)
Ta có bảng giá trị :
2y+1 | 1 | 3 | -1 | -3 |
2x-1 | 3 | 1 | -3 | -1 |
x | 2 | 1 | -1 | 0 |
y | 0 | 1 | -1 | -2 |
Kết luận | nhận | nhận | nhận | nhận |
Vậy cặp (x,y) thỏa mãn là : (2:0);(1;1);(-1;-1);(0;-2)
b) bạn làm tg tự ý a nha
a,Vì: \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\left(2y-5\right)^4\ge0\forall y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(2y-5\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(2y-5\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=\frac{5}{2}\end{cases}}}\)
=.= hok tốt!!
b, Vì: \(\left(2x+3\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\left(x+2y-3\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2x+3\right)^2+\left(x+2y-3\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
Mà: \(\left(2x+3\right)^2+\left(x+2y-3\right)^2< 0\)
=> Ko có giá trị của x , y thỏa mãn
=.= hok tốt!!
Bài 5:
a: \(8A=8+8^2+...+8^8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7A=8^8-1\)
hay \(A=\dfrac{8^8-1}{7}\)
b: \(8B=\left(3^2-1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\left(3^8+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8B=\left(3^4-1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\left(3^8+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8B=3^{16}-1\)
hay \(B=\dfrac{3^{16}-1}{8}\)
(1)
(x+1)(x-7)+17>0
<=>x^2-6x+9+1>0
<=>(x-3)^2+1>0(dpcm)
..
(7)
-y^2+4y-4-|x+1|≤0
<=>-(y-2)^2-|x+1|≤0
sum 2 so khong duong ko the la so (+)=>dpcm
Bài 2:
a) Áp dụng BĐT AM - GM ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4a}+\dfrac{1}{4b}\) \(\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{4^2ab}}=\dfrac{2}{4\sqrt{ab}}=\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{ab}}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{1}{a+b}\) (Đpcm)
b) Trừ 1 vào từng vế của BĐT ta được BĐT tương đương:
\(\left(\frac{x}{2x+y+z}-1\right)+\left(\frac{y}{x+2y+z}-1\right)+\left(\frac{z}{x+y+2z}-1\right)\le\frac{-9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\right)\le-\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\right)\ge\frac{9}{4}\)
Áp dụng BĐT phụ \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}\) ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{9}{2x+y+z+x+2y+z+x+y+2z}=\dfrac{9}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\right)\ge\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{y}{x+2y+z}+\dfrac{z}{x+y+2z}\le\dfrac{3}{4}\) (Đpcm)
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có:
\(VT\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a-1+b-1}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a+b-2}\)
Nên cần chứng minh \(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a+b-2}\ge8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge8\left(a+b-2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2\ge8a+8b-16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b-4\right)^2\ge0\) luôn đúng
a) ta có : \(\left(1-2x\right)\left(x-1\right)-5=x-1-2x^2+2x-5\)
\(=-2x^2+3x-6=-\left(2x^2-3x+6\right)=-\left(\left(\sqrt{2}x\right)^2-2.\sqrt{2}.\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}x+\left(\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2+\dfrac{39}{8}\right)\)
\(=-\left(\left(\sqrt{2}x-\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2+\dfrac{39}{8}\right)=-\left(\sqrt{2}x-\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2-\dfrac{39}{8}\)
ta có : \(\left(\sqrt{2}x-\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2\ge0\) với mọi \(x\) \(\Rightarrow-\left(\sqrt{2}x-\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2\le0\) với mọi \(x\)
\(-\left(\sqrt{2}x-\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2-\dfrac{39}{8}\le\dfrac{-39}{8}< 0\) với mọi \(x\)
vậy \(\left(1-2x\right)\left(x-1\right)-5< 0\) (đpcm)
b) ta có : \(-x^2-y^2+2x+2y-3\)
\(=\left(-x^2+2x-1\right)+\left(-y^2+2y-1\right)-1\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-\left(y^2-2y+1\right)-1=-\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(y-1\right)^2-1\)
ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2\ge\forall x\\\left(y-1\right)^2\ge\forall y\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\left(x-1\right)^2\le0\forall x\\-\left(y-1\right)^2\le0\forall y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(y-1\right)^2\le0\) với mọi \(x;y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(y-1\right)^2-1\le-1< 0\) với mọi \(x;y\)
vậy \(-x^2-y^2+2x+2y-3< 0\) (đpcm)
\(a,A=\left(1-2x\right)\left(x-1\right)-5\)
\(=x-1-2x^2+2x-5\)
\(=-2x^2+3x-6\)
\(=-\left(2x^2-3x+\dfrac{9}{8}\right)-\dfrac{39}{8}\)
\(=-\left[\left(\sqrt{2}x\right)^2-2.\sqrt{2}x.\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}+\left(\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2\right]-\dfrac{39}{8}\)
\(=-\left(\sqrt{2}x-\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2-\dfrac{39}{8}\)
Ta có :
\(-\left(\sqrt{2}x-\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2\le0\) \(\Rightarrow-\left(\sqrt{2}x-\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2-\dfrac{39}{8}\le-\dfrac{39}{8}\)
Hay A \(\le-\dfrac{39}{8}\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2}x-\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}x-\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}x=\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}:\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Vậy \(Min_A=-\dfrac{39}{8}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{4}\)