cho x,y,z thõa mãn \(\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right):\left(\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\right)=1\)
tính giá trị của \(B=\left(x^{21}+y^{21}\right)\left(y^{11}+z^{11}\right)\left(z^{2017}+x^{2017}\right)\)
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Lời giải:
$\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}$
$\Rightarrow (\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y})+(\frac{1}{z}-\frac{1}{x+y+z})=0$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{x+y}{xy}+\frac{x+y}{z(x+y+z)}=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y)(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{z(x+y+z)})=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y).\frac{z(x+y+z)+xy}{xyz(x+y+z)}=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y).\frac{(z+x)(z+y)}{xyz(x+y+z)}=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y)(y+z)(x+z)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=-y$ hoặc $y=-z$ hoặc $z=-x$
Nếu $x=-y$ thì:
$P=\frac{3}{4}+[(-y)^8-y^8](y^9+z^9)(z^{10}-x^{10})=\frac{3}{4}+0.(y^9+z^9)(z^{10}-x^{10})=\frac{3}{4}$
Nếu $y=-z$ thì:
$P=\frac{3}{4}+(x^8-y^8)[(-z)^9+z^9](z^{10}-x^{10})=\frac{3}{4}+(x^8-y^8).0.(z^{10}-x^{10})=\frac{3}{4}$
Nếu $z=-x$ thì:
$P=\frac{3}{4}+(x^8-y^8)(y^9+z^9)[(-x)^{10}-x^{10}]=\frac{3}{4}+(x^8-y^8)(y^9+z^9).0=\frac{3}{4}$
Từ \(x\left(\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+y\left(\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)+z\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)=-2\) ta có:
\(x^2y+y^2z+z^2x+xy^2+yz^2+zx^2+2xyz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0\\y+z=0\\z+x=0\end{matrix}\right.\).
Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử x + y = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3=-y^3\).
Kết hợp với \(x^3+y^3+z^3=1\) ta có \(z^3=1\Leftrightarrow z=1\).
Vậy \(P=\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=\dfrac{1}{-y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{1}=1\).
Ta có:
\(x^2+1=x^2+xy+yz+zx\)
\(=x\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\)
Tương tự:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y^2+1=\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)\\z^2+1=\left(z+y\right)\left(z+x\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=x\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\left(y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(z+x\right)}}+y\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(z+x\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(z+x\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}}+z\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)\left(z+x\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}{\left(z+x\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\)
\(=x\left|y+z\right|+y\left|z+x\right|+z\left|x+y\right|\)
TH1: x,y,z <0
\(A=-x\left(y+z\right)-y\left(z+x\right)-z\left(x+y\right)=-2\)
TH2: x,y,z>0
\(A=x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(z+x\right)+z\left(x+y\right)=2\)
Ta có \(1+z^2=xy+yz+zx+z^2\)
\(=y\left(x+z\right)+z\left(x+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\)
CMTT, \(1+x^2=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\) và \(1+y^2=\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\)
Do đó \(\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(1+y^2\right)\left(1+z^2\right)}{1+x^2}}\) \(=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(y+z\right)^2}\) \(=\left|y+z\right|\)
Tương tự như thế, ta được
\(A=x\left|y+z\right|+y\left|z+x\right|+z\left|x+y\right|\)
Cái này không tính ra số cụ thể được nhé bạn. Nó còn phải tùy vào dấu của \(x+y,y+z,z+x\) nữa.
Hướng dẫn: đặt \(A=\dfrac{y^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{z^4}{\left(y^2+z^2\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\dfrac{x^4}{\left(z^2+x^2\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)
Khi đó \(F-A=x-y+y-z+z-x=0\Rightarrow F=A\)
\(\Rightarrow2F=F+A=\sum\dfrac{x^4+y^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}\ge\sum\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}\ge\sum\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{4\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow2F\ge\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}\Rightarrow F\ge\dfrac{x+y+z}{4}\)
a: \(=\dfrac{1}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-z-x+y-y+z}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}=0\)
b: \(=\dfrac{1}{x\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}-\dfrac{1}{y\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)}+\dfrac{1}{z\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{yz\left(y-z\right)-xz\left(x-z\right)+xy\left(x-y\right)}{xyz\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{y^2z-yz^2-x^2z+xz^2+xy\left(x-y\right)}{xyz\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{z\left(y^2-x^2\right)-z^2\left(y-x\right)-xy\left(y-x\right)}{xyz\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left[-z\left(x+y\right)+z^2+xy\right]}{xyz\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-zx-zy+z^2+xy}{xyz\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{z\left(z-x\right)-y\left(z-x\right)}{xyz\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}=\dfrac{1}{xyz}\)
a: \(\dfrac{y}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)}-\dfrac{z}{\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}-\dfrac{x}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{xy-yz-xz+yz-xy+xz}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)
=0
c: \(=\dfrac{1}{x\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}-\dfrac{1}{y\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)}+\dfrac{1}{z\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{zy\left(y-z\right)-xz\left(x-z\right)+xy\left(x-y\right)}{xyz\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{zy^2-z^2y-x^2z+xz^2+xy\left(x-y\right)}{xyz\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{xyz}\)
d)
\(\dfrac{1}{x\left(x+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}+.....+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+99\right)\left(x+100\right)}\)=\(\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{1}{x+1}-\dfrac{1}{x+2}+\dfrac{1}{x+2}-\dfrac{1}{x+3}+.....-\dfrac{1}{x+99}+\dfrac{1}{x+100}\)=\(\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{x+100}\)
=\(\dfrac{x+100}{x\left(x+100\right)}-\dfrac{x}{x\left(x+100\right)}\)
=\(\dfrac{x+100-x}{x\left(x+100\right)}=\dfrac{100}{x\left(x+100\right)}\)
Từ giải thiết ta suy ra được: \(\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)=0\)
Thay vào thì P=0
P/S: Tìm trên gg cũng có thể loại này :v