Dung dịch X chứa 6,2g Na2O và 193,8 g nước. Cho X vào 200g dung dịch CuSO4 16% thu dc a gam kết tủa a) tính nồng độ phần trăm X b) tính a c) tính lượng dung dịch HCl 2M cần dùng để hoà tan hết a gam kết tủa sau khi đã nung thành chất rắn màu đen
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PTHH: \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
\(2NaOH+CuSO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=2\cdot\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot40}{193,8+6,2}\cdot100\%=4\%\)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot16\%}{160}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,2}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) CuSO4 còn dư, NaOH p/ứ hết
\(\Rightarrow n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=n_{CuO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,1\cdot80=8\left(g\right)\)
c) PTHH: \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CuO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(l\right)=100\left(ml\right)\)
Câu 1:
PTHH: \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
\(2NaOH+CuSO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=2\cdot\dfrac{12,4}{62}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,4\cdot40}{12,4+193,8}\cdot100\%\approx7,76\%\)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{100\cdot16\%}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,4}{2}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) NaOH còn dư, CuSO4 p/ứ hết
\(\Rightarrow n_{CuO}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,1\cdot80=8\left(g\right)\)
Bài 2 :
a)
$Cu + 2H_2SO_{4_{đặc}} \to CuSO_4 + SO_2 + 2H_2O$
$n_{Cu} = n_{SO_2} = \dfrac{2,24}{22,4} = 0,1(mol)$
$\%m_{Cu} = \dfrac{0,1.64}{15}.100\% = 42,67\%$
$\%m_{CuO} = 100\% -42,67\% = 57,33\%$
b)
$NaOH + SO_2 \to NaHSO_3$
$n_{NaOH} = n_{SO_2} = 0,1(mol)$
$\Rightarrow V_{dd\ NaOH} = \dfrac{0,1}{1} = 0,1(lít) = 100(ml)$
Na2O+H2O->2NaOH
0,1 0,1 0,2
2NaOH+CuSO4->Na2SO4+Cu(OH)2
0,2 0,1 0,1 0,1
a.mNaOH=0,2.40=8(g)
mdd NaOH=6,2+193,8=200(g)
C%dd NaOH=8/200.100%=4%
b.mCu(OH)2=0,1.98=9,8(g)
c.Cu(OH)2->CuO+H2O
0,1 0,1 0,1
CuO+2HCl->CuCl2+H2O
0,1 0,2
VddHCl=0,2/2=0,1(l)
Câu c mình ko biết làm đúng hay ko
1)
$n_{Na_2O} = \dfrac{6,2}{62} = 0,1(mol)$
$Na_2O + H_2O \to 2NaOH$
$n_{NaOH} = 2n_{Na_2O} = 0,2(mol)$
$m_{dd} = 6,2 + 193,8 = 200(gam) \Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH} = \dfrac{0,2.40}{200}.100\% = 4\%$
2)
$n_{K_2O} = \dfrac{23,5}{94} = 0,25(mol)$
$K_2O + H_2O \to 2KOH$
$n_{KOH} = 2n_{K_2O} = 0,5(mol) \Rightarrow C_{M_{KOH}} = \dfrac{0,5}{0,5} = 1M$
3) $n_{Na_2O} = \dfrac{12,4}{62} = 0,2(mol)$
$Na_2O + H_2O \to 2NaOH$
$n_{NaOH} = 2n_{Na_2O} = 0,4(mol)$
$C_{M_{NaOH}} = \dfrac{0,4}{0,5} =0,8M$
4)
$Na_2SO_3 + 2HCl \to 2NaCl +S O_2 + H_2O$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{SO_2} = n_{Na_2SO_3} = \dfrac{12,6}{126} = 0,1(mol)$
$V_{SO_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(lít)$
5) $n_{CaO} = \dfrac{5,6}{56} = 0,1(mol)$
$CaO + 2HCl \to CaCl_2 + H_2O$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{CaO} = 0,2(mol) \Rightarrow m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,2.36,5}{14,6\%} = 50(gam)$
Na2O+H2O->2NaOH
0,1 0,1 0,2
2NaOH+CuSO4->Na2SO4+Cu(OH)2
0,2 0,1 0,1 0,1
a.mNaOH=0,2.40=8(g)
mdd NaOH=6,2+193,8=200(g)
C%dd NaOH=8/200.100%=4%
b.mCu(OH)2=0,1.98=9,8(g)
c.Cu(OH)2->CuO+H2O
0,1 0,1 0,1
CuO+2HCl->CuCl2+H2O
0,1 0,2
VddHCl=0,2/2=0,1(l)
Na2O+H2O→2NaOH
0,1____ 0,1____0,2
2NaOH+CuSO4->Na2SO4+Cu(OH)2
0,2______ 0,1______ 0,1_____0,1
a.mNaOH=0,2.40=8(g)
mddNaOH=6,2+193,8=200(g)
C%ddNaOH=\(\dfrac{8}{200}\).100%=4%
b.m\(_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}\)=0,1.98=9,8(g)
c.Cu(OH)2→CuO+H2O
0,1_________ 0,1_0,1
CuO+2HCl→CuCl2+H2O
0,1___ 0,2
VddHCl=\(\dfrac{0,2}{2}\)=0,1(l)
a/
\(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{9,3}{62}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
0,15 0,3 (mol)
\(m_{NaOH}=0,3.40=12\left(g\right)\)
\(m_A=90,7+9,3=100\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{100}.100\%=12\%\)
b/
m\(_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{16.200}{100}=32\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow m_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{32}{152}=\dfrac{4}{19}\left(mol\right)\)
\(2NaOH+FeSO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+Fe\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
bđ: 0,3 \(\dfrac{4}{19}\) 0 0 (mol)
pư: 0,3 0,15 0,15 0,15 (mol)
dư: 0 \(\dfrac{23}{380}\) (mol)
\(m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=0,15.90=13,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_C=100+200-13,5=286,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,15.142=21,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{21,3}{286,5}.100\%\approx7,4\%\)
\(m_{FeSO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{23}{380}.152=9,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow C\%_{FeSO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{9,2}{286,5}.100\%\approx3,2\%\)
1
\(a)m_{H_2O}=250-5=245g\\b )C_{\%NaCl}=\dfrac{5}{250}\cdot100=2\%\)
\(2\\ m_{ddCuSO_4}=\dfrac{15.100}{5}=300g\\ m_{H_2O}=300-15=285g\)
Câu 1:
a, Ta có: m dd = m chất tan + mH2O ⇒ mH2O = 250 - 5 = 245 (g)
b, \(C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{5}{250}.100\%=2\%\)
Câu 2:
Ta có: \(C\%_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{15}{m_{ddCuSO_4}}.100\%=5\%\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddCuSO_4}=300\left(g\right)\)
⇒ mH2O = 300 - 15 = 285 (g)
\(a.n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH\\ m_{ddNaOH}=193,8+6,2=200\left(g\right)\\C\%_{ddX}=C\%_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,1.2.40}{200}.100=4\%\\ b.2NaOH+CuSO_4\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\\ a=m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}.98=9,8\left(g\right)\\ c.Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{to}CuO+H_2O\\ CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\\ n_{HCl}=2.n_{CuO}=2.n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(lít\right)=100\left(ml\right)\)