Tìm các giá trị của a sao cho mỗi biểu thức sau có giá trị bằng 2 :
a) \(\dfrac{3a-1}{3a+1}+\dfrac{a-3}{a+3}\)
b) \(\dfrac{10}{3}-\dfrac{3a-1}{4a+12}-\dfrac{7a+2}{6a+18}\)
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`a)D` xác định `<=>a-1 ne 0<=>a ne 1`
`b)` Với `a ne 1` có:
`D=([a-1]/[a^2+a+1]-[1-3a+a^2]/[(a-1)(a^2+a+1)]-1/[a-1]).[1-a]/[a^2+1]`
`D=[(a-1)^2-1+3a-a^2-a^2-a-1]/[(a-1)(a^2+a+1)].[-(a-1)]/[a^2+1]`
`D=[a^2-2a+1-1+3a-a^2-a^2-a-1]/[(-a^2-1)(a^2+a+1)]`
`D=[-a^2-1]/[(-a^2-1)(a^2+a+1)]=1/[a^2+a+1]`
`c)` Với `a ne 1` có:
`1/D=1/[1/[a^2+a+1]]=a^2+a+1=(a+1/2)^2+3/4`
Vì `(a+1/2)^2 >= 0 AA a ne 1`
`=>(a+1/2)^2+3/4 >= 3/4 AA a ne 1`
Hay `1/D >= 3/4 AA a ne 1=>1/D _[mi n]=3/4`
Dấu "`=`" xảy ra `<=>a=-1/2` (t/m).
a.
\(\dfrac{2a^2-3a-2}{a^2-4}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2a^2-4a+a-2}{\left(a-2\right)\left(a+2\right)}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(2a^2-4a\right)+\left(a-2\right)}{\left(a-2\right)\left(a+2\right)}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2a\left(a-2\right)+\left(a-2\right)}{\left(a-2\right)\left(a+2\right)}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(2a+1\right)\left(a-2\right)}{\left(a-2\right)\left(a+1\right)}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2a+1}{a+1}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2a+1}{a+1}=\dfrac{2\left(a+1\right)}{a+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a+1=2a+2\)
Suy ra pt vô nghiệm
a) \(\dfrac{2a^{2^{ }}-3a-2}{a^2-4}\)=2
<=> \(\dfrac{2a^{2^{ }}-3a-2}{\left(a-2\right)\left(a+2\right)}\)=2 (1)
ĐKXĐ: a-2 #0 => a#2
a+2#0 -> a#-2
(1) <=> \(\dfrac{2a^{2^{ }}-3a-2}{\left(a-2\right)\left(a+2\right)}\)= \(\dfrac{2\left(a^{^2}-4\right)}{\left(a-2\right)\left(a+2\right)}\)
=> 2a2 - 3a - 2 = 2a2 - 8
<=> 2a2 - 3a - 2 - 2a2 + 8 = 0
<=> -3a + 6 = 0
<=> -3 ( a-2)
<=> -3 = 0 ( vô no )
a-2 = 0 => a = 2
Vậy với A=2 thì biểu thức có giá trị = 2
2.
\(P=\left(\dfrac{a+6}{3\left(a+3\right)}-\dfrac{1}{a+3}\right).\dfrac{27a}{a+2}=\left(\dfrac{a+3}{3\left(a+3\right)}\right).\dfrac{27a}{a+2}=\dfrac{27a}{3\left(a+2\right)}=\dfrac{9a}{a+2}\)
ĐKXĐ là :
\(a\ne0;-3;-2\)
Vs a = 1 ta có:
=> P=3
1.
\(M=\left(\dfrac{2a}{2a+b}-\dfrac{4a^2}{\left(2a+b\right)^2}\right):\left(\dfrac{2a}{\left(2a-b\right)\left(2a+b\right)}-\dfrac{1}{2a-b}\right)=\left(\dfrac{4a^2+2ab-4a^2}{\left(2a+b\right)^2}\right).\left(\dfrac{\left(2a+b\right)\left(2a-b\right)}{b}\right)=\dfrac{2a.\left(2a-b\right)}{\left(2a+b\right)}\)
\(\frac{10}{3}-\frac{3a-1}{4a+12}-\frac{7a+2}{6a+18}=2\)
(ĐK a\(\ne-3\))
\(\Leftrightarrow40\left(a+3\right)-3\left(3a-1\right)-2\left(7a+2\right)=24\left(a+3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow40a+120-9a+3-14a-4=24a+72\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7a=47\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=\frac{47}{7}\)
\(\frac{10}{3}-\frac{3a-1}{4a+12}-\frac{7a+2}{6a+18}=2\)
\(\frac{10}{3}-\frac{3a-1}{4\left(a+3\right)}-\frac{7a+2}{6\left(a+3\right)}=2\)
\(40\left(a+3\right)-3\left(a-1\right)-2\left(7a+2\right)=24\left(a+3\right)\)
\(17a+119=24a+27\)
\(17a-24a=72-119\)
\(-7a=-47\)
\(a=\frac{47}{7}\)
Lời giải:
a) ĐKXĐ: $a\neq 0; a\neq 3; a\neq 2$
\(P=\left[\frac{a}{3a(a-2)}-\frac{2a-3}{a^2(a-2)}\right].\frac{6a}{(a-3)^2}=\left[\frac{a^2}{3a^2(a-2)}-\frac{6a-9}{3a^2(a-2)}\right].\frac{6a}{(a-3)^2}=\frac{a^2-6a+9}{3a^2(a-2)}.\frac{6a}{(a-3)^2}=\frac{(a-3)^2}{3a^2(a-2)}.\frac{6a}{(a-3)^2}=\frac{2}{a(a-2)}\)
b)
Để $P>0\Leftrightarrow \frac{2}{a(a-2)}>0\Leftrightarrow a(a-2)>0$
$\Leftrightarrow a>2$ hoặc $a< 0$
Kết hợp với ĐKXĐ suy ra $(a>2; a\neq 3)$ hoặc $a< 0$
ĐKXĐ: \(a\notin\left\{0;2\right\}\)
a) Ta có: \(P=\left(\dfrac{a}{3a^2-6a}+\dfrac{2a-3}{2a^2-a^3}\right)\cdot\dfrac{6a}{a^2-6a+9}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{a}{3a\left(a-2\right)}+\dfrac{2a-3}{a^2\left(2-a\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{6a}{a^2-6a+9}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{a^2}{3a^2\cdot\left(a-2\right)}-\dfrac{3\left(2a-3\right)}{3a^2\cdot\left(a-2\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{6a}{\left(a-3\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2-6a+9}{3a^2\cdot\left(a-2\right)}\cdot\dfrac{6a}{\left(a-3\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a-3\right)^2}{3a^2\left(a-2\right)}\cdot\dfrac{6a}{\left(a-3\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{a\left(a-2\right)}\)
b) Để P>0 thì \(\dfrac{2}{a\left(a-2\right)}>0\)
mà 2>0
nên \(a\left(a-2\right)>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a>0\\a-2>0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a< 0\\a-2< 0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a>0\\a>2\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a< 0\\a< 2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a>2\\a< 0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Kết hợp ĐKXĐ, ta được: \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}a>2\\a< 0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: Để P>0 thì \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}a>2\\a< 0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lời giải:
$a-b=3\Rightarrow b=a-3$. Khi đó:
$A=\frac{a-8}{a-3-5}-\frac{4a-(a-3)}{3a+3}=\frac{a-8}{a-8}-\frac{3a+3}{3a+3}=1-1=0$
Theo đề bài : \(a-b=3\Rightarrow a=b+3\).
Thay \(a=b+3\) vào \(A\) ta được :
\(A=\dfrac{a-8}{b-5}-\dfrac{4a-b}{3a+3}\)
\(=\dfrac{b+3-8}{b-5}-\dfrac{4\left(b+3\right)-b}{3\left(b+3\right)+3}\)
\(=\dfrac{b-5}{b-5}-\dfrac{4b+12-b}{3b+9+3}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{3b+12}{3b+12}=1-1=0\)
Vậy : Với \(a-b=3\) thì \(A=0.\)
Biểu thức có giá trị bằng 2 thì: