tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của các biểu thức sau
a. \(x^2-2x+3\)
b. \(2x^2-4x\)
c. \(\sqrt{x^2+4x+5}\)
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\(A=x^2+4x+5=\left(x+2\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
\(B=x^2+10x-1=\left(x+5\right)^2-26\ge-26\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=-5\)
\(C=5-4x+4x^2=\left(2x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(D=x^2+y^2-2x+6y-3=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2-13\ge-13\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(E=2x^2+y^2+2xy+2x+3=\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=-y=-1\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=x^2+4x+5\)
\(=x^2+4x+4+1\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)^2+1\ge1\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-2
\(C=4x^2-4x+5\)
\(=4x^2-4x+1+4\)
\(=\left(2x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
a) \(A=-x^2+2x=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+1=-\left(x-1\right)^2+1\le1\)
\(maxA=1\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
b) \(B=\left(2-3x\right)\left(3+2x\right)=-6x^2-5x+6=-6\left(x^2+\dfrac{5}{6}x+\dfrac{25}{144}\right)+\dfrac{169}{24}=-6\left(x+\dfrac{5}{12}\right)^2+\dfrac{169}{24}\le\dfrac{169}{24}\)
\(minB=\dfrac{169}{24}\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{5}{12}\)
c) \(C=4xy-4x-2y-4x^2-2y^2-3=-\left[4x^2-4x\left(y-1\right)+\left(y-1\right)^2\right]+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-6=\left(2x-y+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-6\le-6\)
\(minC=-6\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
a,\(A=2\sqrt{x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{2}}=2\sqrt{x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}}=2\sqrt{\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+1}\ge1\) dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=-1/2
\(B=\sqrt{2\left(x^2-2x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)}=\sqrt{2\left[x^2-2x+1+\dfrac{3}{2}\right]}\)
\(=\sqrt{2\left(x-1\right)^2+3}\ge\sqrt{3}\) dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=1
\(C=\dfrac{x-3}{\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{2}}\ge\dfrac{-2}{-\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{2}\) dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=1
\(D=x-2\sqrt{x+2}\ge-2\) dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=-2
Câu 1:
\(\sqrt{x^2-2x+1}+\sqrt{x^2-4x+4}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-1\right|+\left|x-2\right|=3\)(1)
Trường hợp 1: x<1
(1) trở thành 1-x+2-x=3
=>3-2x=3
=>x=0(nhận)
Trường hợp 2: 1<=x<2
(1) trở thành x-1+2-x=3
=>1=3(loại)
Trường hợp 3: x>=2
(1) trở thành x-1+x-2=3
=>2x-3=3
=>2x=6
hay x=3(nhận)
\(I=-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)+2021\)
\(=-\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)+2021\)
\(=-\left[\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-6^2\right]+2021\)
\(=-\left(x^2+5x\right)^2+2057\le2057\)
\(I_{max}=2057\) khi \(x^2+5x=0\)
\(K=-\left(x-2\right)\left(x-7\right)\left(x-5\right)\left(x-4\right)+102\)
\(=-\left(x^2-9x+14\right)\left(x^2-9x+20\right)+102\)
\(=-\left(x^2-9x+14\right)\left(x^2+9x+14+6\right)+102\)
\(=-\left[\left(x^2-9x+14\right)^2+6\left(x^2-9x+14\right)\right]+102\)
\(=-\left[\left(x^2-9x+14\right)+6\left(x^2-9x+14\right)+9-9\right]+102\)
\(=-\left(x^2-9x+17\right)^2+111\le111\)
\(K_{max}=111\) khi \(x^2-9x+17=0\)
\(M=-\left(4x^2+4x+1\right)\left(16x^2+16x+3\right)-11\)
Đặt \(4x^2+4x+1=t\Rightarrow16x^2+16x=4t-4\)
\(\Rightarrow M=-t\left(4t-4+3\right)-11\)
\(M=-4t^2+t-11\)
\(M=-4\left(t-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2-\dfrac{175}{16}\le-\dfrac{175}{16}\)
\(M_{max}=-\dfrac{175}{16}\) khi \(t=\dfrac{1}{8}\)
a) Giá trị lớn nhất:
\(A=2x-3x^2-4=-3\left(x^2-\frac{2}{3}x+\frac{4}{3}\right)=-3\left[x^2-2.x.\frac{1}{3}+\left(\frac{1}{3}\right)^2+\frac{35}{9}\right]=-3\left(x-\frac{1}{3}^2\right)-\frac{35}{3}\)
Vì \(\left(x-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2\ge0\left(x\in R\right)\)
Nên \(-3\left(x-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2\le0\left(x\in R\right)\)
do đó \(-3\left(x-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2-\frac{35}{3}\le-\frac{35}{3}\left(x\in R\right)\)
Vậy \(Max_A=-\frac{35}{3}\)khi \(x-\frac{1}{3}=0\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(B=-x^2-4x=-\left(x^2+4x\right)=-\left(x^2+2.x.2+2^2-2^2\right)=-\left(x+2\right)^2+4\)
Vì \(\left(x+2\right)^2\ge0\left(x\in R\right)\)
nên \(-\left(x+2\right)^2\le0\left(x\in R\right)\)
do đó \(-\left(x+2\right)^2+4\le4\left(x\in R\right)\)
Vậy \(Max_B=4\)khi \(x+2=0\Rightarrow x=-2\)
b) Giá trị nhỏ nhất
\(A=x^2-2x-1=x^2-2.x.+1-2=\left(x-1\right)^2-2\)
Vì \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\left(x\in R\right)\)
nên \(\left(x-1\right)^2-2\ge-2\left(x\in R\right)\)
Vậy \(Min_A=-2\)khi \(x-1=0\Rightarrow x=1\)
\(B=4^2+4x+5=\left(2x\right)^2+2.2x.1+1+4=\left(2x+1\right)^2+4\)
vì \(\left(2x+1\right)^2\ge0\left(x\in R\right)\)
nên \(\left(2x+1\right)^2+4\ge4\left(x\in R\right)\)
Vậy \(Min_B=4\)khi \(2x+1=0\Rightarrow x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
c: \(-x^2+2x-2=-\left(x-1\right)^2-1\le-1\forall x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow V\ge-1\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1
Mình làm tắt bước xét giá trị nha bạn thông cảm
a)x2-2x+3=(x2-2x+1)+2=(x-1)2+2>2
=>Min=2<=>(x-1)2=0<=>x=1
b)2x2-4x=(2x2-4x+2)-2=2(x-1)2-2>-2
=>Min = -2<=>(x-1)2=0<=>x=1
c)\(\sqrt{x^2+4x+5}=\sqrt{x^2+4x+4+1}=\sqrt{\left(x+2\right)^2+1}\ge\sqrt{1}=1\)
=>Min=1<=>(x+2)2=0<=>x=-2
Đưa về HĐT kết luận riêng ý C mình làm cho
c) TA có x^2 + 4x + 5 = x^2 + 4x + 4 + 1 = ( x+ 2 )^2 + 1
Vì(x+ 2)^2 >= 0 => ( x+ 2 )^2 + 1 >=1
\(\sqrt{x^2+4x+5}\ge\sqrt{1}=1\)
Vậy GTNN là 1 tại x + 2 = 0 => x = -2