Cho a, b, c là ba số thực dương thoả mãn: abc = 1. Tìm giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức:
P= \(\frac{ab}{a^5+b^5+ab}+\frac{bc}{b^5+c^5+bc}+\frac{ca}{c^5+a^5+ca}.\)
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TN
21 tháng 3 2017
Từ \(a^5+b^5=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^4-a^3b+a^2b^2-ab^3+b^4\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)\left[a^2b^2+a^3\left(a-b\right)-b^3\left(a-b\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)\left[a^2b^2+\left(a-b\right)\left(a^3-b^3\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)\left[a^2b^2+\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\right]\)
\(\ge\left(a+b\right)^2a^2b^2\forall a,b>0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^5+b^5+ab\ge ab\left[ab\left(a+b\right)+1\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^5+b^5+ab}\le\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b\right)+1}=\frac{c}{a+b+c}\left(abc=1\right)\)
Tương tự cũng có: \(\frac{bc}{b^5+c^5+bc}\le\frac{a}{a+b+c};\frac{ca}{c^5+a^5+ca}\le\frac{b}{a+b+c}\)
Cộng theo vế ta có:
\(VT\le\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{a+b+c}+\frac{c}{a+b+c}=\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
YY
25 tháng 5 2018
\(c+ab=\left(a+b+c\right)c+ab=ac+cb+c^2+ab=\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
Tương tự : \(a+bc=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right);c+ab=\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)\)
\(P=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}}\)
áp dụng bất đẳng tức cauchy :
\(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{c+a}+\frac{b}{c+b}\right)\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{a+c}\right)\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{a}{b+a}\right)\)
cộng vế theo vế
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{c+b}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{a+c}+\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{a}{b+a}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a+c}{a+c}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{a+b}{a+b}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\cdot3=\frac{3}{2}\)
dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1/3
24 tháng 8 2020
Có a+b+c=1 => c=(a+b+c).c=ac+bc+c2
\(\Rightarrow c+ab=ac+bc+c^2+ab=a\left(b+c\right)+c\left(b+c\right)=\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c+ab}}=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\le\frac{\frac{a}{c+b}+\frac{b}{c+b}}{2}\)
Tương tự ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}a+bc=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\\b+ac=\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a+bc}}=\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\frac{\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{a+c}}{2}\\\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b+ca}}=\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}}\le\frac{\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{a}{b+a}}{2}\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{c+a}+\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{c+a}+\frac{b}{c+b}}{2}\)\(=\frac{\frac{a+c}{a+c}+\frac{c+b}{c+b}+\frac{a+b}{a+b}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
XO
25 tháng 3 2022
Ta có a2 + 1 \(\ge\)2a
Khi đó \(\frac{1}{a^2+ab-a+5}=\frac{1}{a^2+1+ab-a+4}\le\frac{1}{2a+ab-a+4}=\frac{1}{ab+a+4}\)
Tương tự ta được \(\frac{1}{b^2+bc-b+5}\le\frac{1}{bc+b+4};\frac{1}{c^2+ac-c+5}\le\frac{1}{ac+c+4}\)
Cộng vế với vế => A \(\le\frac{1}{ab+a+4}+\frac{1}{bc+b+4}+\frac{1}{ca+c+4}\)
=> 4A \(\le\frac{4}{ab+a+1+3}+\frac{4}{bc+b+1+3}+\frac{4}{ca+c+1+3}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{ac+a+1}+\frac{1}{3}\)
\(=\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{1}{ac+a+1}+1\)
\(=\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{a}{abc+ab+a}+\frac{ab}{a^2bc+abc+ab}+1\)
\(=\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{a}{ab+a+1}+\frac{ab}{ab+a+1}+1=\frac{ab+a+1}{ab+a+1}+1=1+1=2\)
=> \(A\le\frac{1}{2}\)(Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c = 1)
26 tháng 3 2022
cho mik hỏi tí là làm sao ra được \(\frac{4}{ab+a+1+3}\le\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{1}{3}\) vậy ạ?
29 tháng 7 2020
Ta có: \(a+b+c=1\Leftrightarrow a^2+ab+ca=a\)
Thay vào ta có: \(\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a+bc}}=\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a^2+ab+ca+bc}}=\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\)
Áp dụng Cauchy ngược: \(\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a+bc}}=\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a^2+ab+ca+bc}}\le\frac{\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{a+c}}{2}\)
Tương tự ta CM được: \(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c+ab}}\le\frac{\frac{a}{c+a}+\frac{b}{c+b}}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b+ca}}\le\frac{\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{a}{b+a}}{2}\)
Cộng vế 3 BĐT trên ta được:
\(P\le\frac{\frac{a}{c+a}+\frac{b}{c+b}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{a+c}+\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{a}{b+a}}{2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\frac{a}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+c}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c+b}+\frac{c}{b+c}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{b+a}+\frac{b}{a+b}\right)}{2}\)
\(=\frac{1+1+1}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Vậy \(Max_P=\frac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
KN
29 tháng 7 2020
Ta có :
\(c+ab=\left(a+b+c\right)c+ab=ac+ac+c^2+ab=\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
Tương tự : \(a+bc=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right);c+ab=\left(c+b\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT cauchy :
\(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{b+c}\right)\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{a+c}\right)\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(c+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{c}{c+b}+\frac{a}{c+a}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế :
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{a+c}+\frac{c}{c+b}+\frac{a}{c+a}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a+c}{a+b}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{a+b}{a+b}\right)=\frac{1}{2}.3=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
21 tháng 3 2021
Dễ dàng chứng minh được:
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\)với \(x,y>0\)(1)
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y>0\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{a}{bc\left(a+1\right)}=\frac{a}{abc+bc}=\frac{a}{ab+bc+ca+bc}=\frac{a}{\left(ab+bc\right)+\left(bc+ca\right)}\)
Áp dụng (1), ta được:
\(\frac{1}{ab+bc}+\frac{1}{bc+ca}\ge\frac{4}{\left(ab+bc\right)+\left(bc+ca\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{4\left(ab+bc\right)}+\frac{1}{4\left(bc+ca\right)}\ge\frac{1}{ab+bc+bc+ca}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{4}\left(\frac{1}{ab+bc}+\frac{1}{bc+ca}\right)\ge\frac{a}{ab+bc+bc+ca}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{4}\left(\frac{1}{ab+bc}+\frac{1}{bc+ca}\right)\ge\frac{a}{bc\left(a+1\right)}\left(2\right)\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow b=c>0\)
Chúng minh tương tự, ta được:
\(\frac{b}{4}\left(\frac{1}{ab+ca}+\frac{1}{bc+ca}\right)\ge\frac{b}{ca\left(b+1\right)}\left(3\right)\)
Dấu bằng xảu ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=c>0\).
\(\frac{c}{4}\left(\frac{1}{ac+ab}+\frac{1}{ab+bc}\right)\ge\frac{c}{ab\left(c+1\right)}\left(4\right)\)
Từ (2), (3) và (4), ta được:
\(\frac{a}{bc\left(a+1\right)}+\frac{b}{ca\left(b+1\right)}+\frac{c}{ab\left(c+1\right)}\le\)\(\frac{a}{4}\left(\frac{1}{ab+bc}+\frac{1}{bc+ac}\right)+\frac{b}{4}\left(\frac{1}{ac+bc}+\frac{1}{ac+ab}\right)\)\(+\frac{c}{4}\left(\frac{1}{ab+bc}+\frac{1}{ab+ac}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\le\frac{1}{4}.\left(\frac{a}{ab+bc}+\frac{c}{ab+bc}\right)+\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{a}{bc+ac}+\frac{b}{bc+ac}\right)\)\(+\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{b}{ab+ac}+\frac{c}{ab+ac}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\le\frac{a+c}{4\left(ab+bc\right)}+\frac{a+b}{4\left(bc+ac\right)}+\frac{b+c}{4\left(ab+ac\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\le\frac{a+c}{4b\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{a+b}{4c\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{b+c}{4a\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\le\frac{1}{4b}+\frac{1}{4c}+\frac{1}{4a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\le\frac{1}{4}.\frac{abc}{abc}=\frac{1}{4}.1=\frac{1}{4}\)( vì \(ab+bc+ca=abc\))
Dấu bằng xảy ra
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b=c>0\\ab+bc+ca=abc\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=3\)
Vậy \(minP=\frac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=3\)
Bạn CM \(a^5+b^5\ge ab\left(a^3+b^3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{a^5+b^5+ab}\le\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+abc}\)
Tiếp tục \(a^3+b^3\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+abc}\le\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b\right)+abc}=\frac{c}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{a^5+b^5+ab}\le\frac{c}{a+b+c}\)
Tương tự cộng lại suy ra \(VT\le1\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
Mỉnh cảm ơn nha