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Give the correct form of the words given to complete the sentences.
1.The _______contaminaion_______ of lakes, rivers, oceans or underwater CONTAMINATE
water pollution.
2. The street doesn’t look_______attractive______ because it has a lot of rubbish.ATTRACT
3. The music club made so much noise that the_____residents_____ complained to REDIDE
its owner.
4. Are all types of pollution_____harmful_____ to the health of humans and animals? HARM
5. The______environmentalists_______ are concerned about the oil spills in East Sea. ENVIROMENT
6. Dumping ______industrial_____waste into the lakes and rivers has caused INDUSTRY
Serious water pollution.
7. Many people in this area have cholera because they drink ____untreated_____water. TREAT
8.Examples of primary________pollutants________are exhaust fumes from cars, POLLUTE
soot from smoke and ash from volcanic eruption.
9. If we use water______carefully______ , more people will have fresh water. CARE
10. The polluted water results in the ____death_____of many aquatic animals DIE
And plants.
III. Combine the sentences in each pair into a new sentence that shows a cause/effect relationship. Use the words in brackets.
1.Many rivers and lakes are poisoned. Factories produce waste and pour it into rivers and lakes. (because)
-> Because factories produce waste and pour it into rivers and lakes, many rivers and lakes are poisoned.
2. The environment is polluted. Birds leave their habitats and plants die. (make)
-> The pollution of the environment makes birds leave their habitats and plants die.
3. Plastic bags are a major source of waste. We should not throw plastic bags everywhere. (so).
-> Plastic bags are a major source of waste so we should not throw plastic bags everywhere.
4. The food is contaminated. People’s health is poor. (results in)
-> The contamination of the food results in people's poor health.
5. Factories release fumes. The air breathe gets polluted. (due to)
-> The air breathe gets polluted due to the release of fumes from factories.
IV. Combine each pair of sentences to form a conditional sentence, using “if” Type 2.
1.The factory is located near our village. There is air pollution and noise pollution.
-> If the factory weren't located near our village, there wouldn't be air pollution and noise pollution.
2. The local people have to use water from the polluted river. They don’t have fresh water.
-> If the local people had fresh water, they wouldn't have to use water from the polluted river.
3. Trees and grasses cannot grow here. The soil is badly polluted.
-> If the soil weren't badly polluted, trees and grass could grow here.
4. Mr Quang works in a noisy environment. His hearing becomes worse.
-> If Mr Quang didn't work in a noisy environment, his hearing wouldn't become worse.
Give the correct form of the words given to complete the sentences.
1.The _______contaminaion_______ of lakes, rivers, oceans or underwater CONTAMINATE
water pollution.
2. The street doesn’t look_______attractive______ because it has a lot of rubbish.ATTRACT
3. The music club made so much noise that the_____residents_____ complained to REDIDE
its owner.
4. Are all types of pollution_____harmful_____ to the health of humans and animals? HARM
5. The______environmentalists_______ are concerned about the oil spills in East Sea. ENVIROMENT
6. Dumping ______industrial_____waste into the lakes and rivers has caused INDUSTRY
Serious water pollution.
7. Many people in this area have cholera because they drink ____untreated_____water. TREAT
8.Examples of primary________pollutants________are exhaust fumes from cars, POLLUTE
soot from smoke and ash from volcanic eruption.
9. If we use water______carefully______ , more people will have fresh water. CARE
10. The polluted water results in the ____death_____of many aquatic animals DIE
And plants.
III. Combine the sentences in each pair into a new sentence that shows a cause/effect relationship. Use the words in brackets.
1.Many rivers and lakes are poisoned. Factories produce waste and pour it into rivers and lakes. (because)
-> Because factories produce waste and pour it into rivers and lakes, many rivers and lakes are poisoned.
2. The environment is polluted. Birds leave their habitats and plants die. (make)
-> The pollution of the environment makes birds leave their habitats and plants die.
3. Plastic bags are a major source of waste. We should not throw plastic bags everywhere. (so).
-> Plastic bags are a major source of waste so we should not throw plastic bags everywhere.
4. The food is contaminated. People’s health is poor. (results in)
-> The contamination of the food results in people's poor health.
5. Factories release fumes. The air breathe gets polluted. (due to)
-> The air breathe gets polluted due to the release of fumes from factories.
IV. Combine each pair of sentences to form a conditional sentence, using “if” Type 2.
1.The factory is located near our village. There is air pollution and noise pollution.
-> If the factory weren't located near our village, there wouldn't be air pollution and noise pollution.
2. The local people have to use water from the polluted river. They don’t have fresh water.
-> If the local people had fresh water, they wouldn't have to use water from the polluted river.
3. Trees and grasses cannot grow here. The soil is badly polluted.
-> If the soil weren't badly polluted, trees and grass could grow here.
4. Mr Quang works in a noisy environment. His hearing becomes worse.
-> If Mr Quang didn't work in a noisy environment, his hearing wouldn't become worse.
1. After the accident, many people were exposed________ radiation.
A. from B. at C. to D. with
2. Light pollution has a wide range of negative effects________ I’m human health.
A. on B. of C. for D. to
3. ________can cause high blood pressure, heart problems, sleep disturbances, and hearing problems.
A. Air pollution B. Light pollution
C. Water pollution D. Noise pollution
4. The levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have risen________ the burning of fossil fuels.
A. therefore B. because C. in spite of D. due to
5. If rubbish is non-biodegradable, it________ forever.
A. exists B. will exist C. won’t exist
D. doesn’t exist
6. ________are Chemicals that are used to kill unwanted plants, such as weeds.
A. Fertilizers B. Pesticides C. Herbicides D. Pollutants
7. There would be much less pollution________ people stopped using cars completely.
A. if B. since C. when D. although
8. Emissions of pollutants into the air can________ changes to the climate.
A. get on B. end up C. go into D. result in
9. ________can we help save our environment?
A. What B. How C. Why D. How much
10. If we care about plastic waste________.
A. why won’t we stop drinking bottled water?
B. we would use reusable shopping bags
C. we will throw away plastic water bottles.
D. why don’t we buy plastic bags?
Find and correct the mixtake:
1.He would like Lan telling=>to tell him something about HCM city.
2.There are many places worth to see=>seeing in HCM city.
3.It was too windy so=>so windy that they have to sleep in the car.
4.I will ask the driver stopped=>to stop the car.
5.The boy injuring=>injured in the accident was taken to hospital.
7.Everyone in the audience was enjoy=>enjoyed his speech.
8.This is a breaking=>broken vase. We can not use it to contain water.
9.We don't mind to be=>being asked many questions. Make as many questions as possible.
V. Choose the underlined word or phrase, A, B, c or D that needs correcting.
1. What will -> would happen if the Earth stopped moving?
2. One of the things all of us can do to protect and improve our environment is recycle -> recycling.
3. Humans can even die if they will drink -> drink contaminated water.
4. Long-term exposure to loud noise results -> results in permanent hearing loss.
5. They believe that water pollution is the large -> largest cause of death and disease in the world.
6. Is the recycling process in -> X itself damaging for the environment?
7. We won’t -> will save the environment if we stop using so much energy.
8. One in six species is at risk of extinction because -> because of climate change.
9. The amount of waste decreased -> would decrease if people started to buy reusable packages.
10. Contaminated water can cause of -> X many types of diarrheal diseases, including cholera.
1. If we don't conserve water, we will face serious water shortages.
2. Because of the awful weather, we didn’t enjoy our camping holiday.
I. Rewrite the following sentences, using the words given so that their meaning stays the same
1.Volunteers helps the flood victims to rebuild their house.
-> The flood victims ....are helped to rebuild their house by volunteers..
2.The storm has damaged hundreds of houses in my area.
-> Hundreds of houses ....in my area have been damaged by the storm ...
3.One effect of global warming is that sea levels are rising. The polar icecaps are melting. (Because)
-> ....Because one effect of global warming is that sea level are rising, the polar icecaps are melting ...
4.Nuclear explosions and detonations of nuclear weapon cause radioactive pollution. (lead to)
-> ....Nuclear explosions and detonations of nuclear weapon lead to cause radioactive pollution ...
5.He doesn't speak clearly, that is why people don't understand him.
-> If ...he spoke clearly, people would understand him ..
6.You should water your garden or all the plants will die.
-> If ..you don't water your garden, all the plants will die..
7.As soon as we got on the plane, the pilot told us to get off again
-> We had just ....got on the plane, the pilot told us to get off again ...
8.You should take the doctor advice
-> If ...I were you, I would take the doctor advice..
9.After many years of hard work, he retired
-> After ...he had worked hard for many years, he retired ...
10.They're organizing a big fair to raise funds for the earthquake victims
-> A big fair ...is being recognized to raise fund for the earthquake victims..
I. Put the verds in brackets into the correct forms:
1. If I (have) .have.... time, I will write to him.
2. If it's cold, I (need) .will need... a heavier coat
3. What are you going to do if you (have).have... a holiday?
4. If I meet Helen, I (give)..will give... her your messenger
5. If I can go tomorrow, I (let)...will let.. you know
6. If flowers don't get any water, they (die)..will die..
7. Don't come if they (not call)..don't call..you
8. If I didn't feel so tired, I (go)...would go. out with you.
9. I could repair the car if I (have).had... the right tools.
10. If she hadn't been ill yesterday, she (go).would have gone.... to work now.
II. Rewrite these sentences, beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the same:
1. If you don't like this one, I'll bring you another.
=> Unless you like this one, I'll bring you another.
2. I'll only help you if you promise to try harder.
=> Unless you promise to try harder,. I won't help you
3. Unless you work hard, you will not fail the exam
=> If you don't work hard, you will not fail the exam
4. Stand up or you will be punished.
=> Unless you don't Stand up ,you will be punished.
5. Do your homework or you will get bad mark
=> If you don't Do your homework,you will get bad mark
III. Rewrite these sentences use "If"
1. I don't know enough about this machine, so I can't mend it myself.
=> If I knew enough about this machine, I could mend it myself.
2. I don't ride the bus to work every morning because it's always so crowed
=> If it weren't always so crowed, I would ride the bus to work every morning
3. The wwind is blowing hard, so I won't take the boat out for ride.
=> If The wwind wern't blowing hard, I would take the boat out for ride.
4. Nick can'r find the way because he doesn't have a map.
=> If Nick had a map,He could find the way
5. Susan felt sick because she ate many cream cake.
=> If susan hadn't eaten many crea, cake,she wouldn't have felt sick
6. Without this treatment, the patient would have died.
=> If it hadn't been for this treament, the patient would have died.
7. Those people weren't prepared to face the floods; therefore, the consequence was disastrous
=>If Those people had been prepared to face the floods; the consequence wouldn't have been disastrous
IV. Rewrite these sentences
1. The book was so expensive that I didn't buy it.
=> The book was too expensive for me to buy
2. He can touch the light because he's very tall
=> He is tall enough to touch the light
3. It is such good weather that they are going for picnic.
=> The weather is so good that they are going for picnic.
4. I didn't go and neither did my friend (either)
=> I didn't go and my friend didn't,either
XI. Joining two sentences, using the words in brackets.
1. We must conserve water. Otherwise we will face serious water shortages. (IF)
__________________If we don't conserve water, we will face serious water shortages ______________________________________________
2. The weather was awful. We didn’t enjoy our camping holiday. (BECAUSE OF)
____________________Because of the awful weather, we didn't enjoy our camping holiday____________________________________________
3. Plastic bags are non-biodegradable. They will remain in the environment for many years.
(SINCE)
______________________Plastic bags will remain in the environment for many years since they are non-biodegradable__________________________________________
4. Paul doesn’t think about the planet. He wastes so much water. (IF)
_______________________If Paul though about the planet, he wouldn't waste so much water_________________________________________
5. Water pollution happens. Many aquatic animals such as fish can die. (LEAD)
____________________Water pollution can lead to the death of many aquatic animals such as fish___________________________________________
6. The climate is changing. The earth is getting warmer. (BECAUSE)
_______________________Because the climate is changing, the earth is getting warmer _________________________________________
7. We should stop cutting down so many trees. We endanger our oxygen supply. (UNLESS)
_________________________Unless we stop cutting down so many trees, we will endanger our oxygen supply _______________________________________
8. People begin to recycle. They generate much less trash. (WHEN)
_____________________________When people begin to recycle, they generate much less trash___________________________________
9. We are damaging the ozone layer. The ozone layer is necessary for human existence.
(EVEN THOUGH)
___________________________Even though the ozone layer is necessary for human existence, we are damaging the ezone layer_____________________________________
10. Sue is suffering from skin cancer. She was exposed to radiation when she was young. (SO)
_______________________Sue was exposed to radiation when she was young so she is suffering from skin cancer_________________________________________