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\(5\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge14\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x^2+9y^2+9z^2-10y\left(x+z\right)-10zx\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\left(\frac{x}{z}\right)^2+9\left(\frac{y}{z}\right)^2+9-10.\frac{y}{z}\left(\frac{x}{z}+1\right)-10\frac{x}{z}\le0\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{x}{z};\frac{y}{z}\right)=\left(a;b\right)>0\)
\(9b^2-10b\left(a+1\right)+9a^2-10a+9\le0\)
Để BPT đã cho có nghiệm
\(\Rightarrow\Delta'=25\left(a+1\right)^2-9\left(9a^2-10a+9\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow25a^2+50a+25-81a^2+90a-81\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-56a^2+140a-56\ge0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}\le a\le2\)
\(P=\frac{2a+1}{a+2}\Rightarrow\frac{4}{5}\le P\le\frac{5}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=\frac{4}{5}\) khi \(a=\frac{1}{2}\) hay \(z=2x\); \(P_{max}=\frac{5}{4}\) khi \(x=2z\)
Đoạn suy ra \(\frac{4}{5}\le P\le\frac{5}{4}\)là sao ak
\(a+b+c=1\)
\(P=\frac{a}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{b}{a^2+c^2}+\frac{c}{a^2+b^2}\)
TA CÓ:
\(B=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x\left(y+2z\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y\left(z+2x\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z\left(x+2y\right)}}\ge\frac{1}{\frac{x+y+2z}{2}}+\frac{1}{\frac{y+z+2x}{2}}+\frac{1}{\frac{z+x+2y}{2}}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{\frac{3}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{18}{3\sqrt{3}}=\frac{6}{\sqrt{3}}\)
DẤU BẰNG XẢY RA:\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\frac{B}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3x\left(y+2z\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3y\left(z+2x\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3z\left(x+2y\right)}}\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{\frac{3x+y+2z}{2}}+\frac{1}{\frac{3y+z+2x}{2}}+\frac{1}{\frac{3z+x+2y}{2}}\ge\frac{2\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{6\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{18}{6\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\Rightarrow B\ge\frac{18\sqrt{3}}{6\sqrt{3}}=3\)
Dấu "=" khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Dự đoán khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\) vậy dc GTNN là \(\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\), cần c/m: \(P\ge\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\frac{y^2z^2}{x\left(y^2+z^2\right)}\ge\frac{3}{2}\sqrt{\frac{3}{\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}}}\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\frac{y^3z^3}{y^2+z^2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\sqrt{\frac{3x^4y^4z^4}{x^2y^2+x^2z^2+y^2z^2}}\).Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}yz=a\\xz=b\\xy=c\end{cases}}\)
Khi đó ta cần chứng minh \(Σ\frac{a^3}{\frac{ac}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}}\ge\frac{3}{2}\sqrt{\frac{3a^2b^2c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}}\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\frac{a^2}{b^2+c^2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\sqrt{\frac{3}{a^2+b^2+c^2}}\) và từ BĐT thuần nhất cuối , ta có thế khẳng định rằng \(a^2+b^2+c^2=3\)
Có nghĩa là ta cần c/m \(Σ\frac{a}{3-a^2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\LeftrightarrowΣ\left(\frac{a}{3-a^2}-\frac{1}{2}\right)\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\frac{\left(a-1\right)\left(a+3\right)}{3-a^2}\ge0\)\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\left(\frac{\left(a-1\right)\left(a+3\right)}{3-a^2}-\left(a^2-1\right)\right)\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\frac{a\left(a+2\right)\left(a-1\right)^2}{3-a^2}\ge0\) . XOng!
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x^3}{\left(2x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{2x+y}{8}+\frac{y+z}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{x^3}{64}}=\frac{3x}{4}\\\frac{y^3}{\left(2y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}+\frac{2y+z}{8}+\frac{x+z}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{y^3}{64}}=\frac{3y}{4}\\\frac{z^3}{\left(2z+x\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{2z+x}{8}+\frac{x+y}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{z^3}{64}}=\frac{3z}{4}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^3}{\left(2x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{y^3}{\left(2y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{z^3}{\left(2z+x\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{5\left(x+y+z\right)}{8}\ge\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^3}{\left(2x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{y^3}{\left(2y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{z^3}{\left(2z+x\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{5}{8}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^3}{\left(2x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{y^3}{\left(2y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{z^3}{\left(2z+x\right)\left(x+y\right)}\ge\frac{1}{8}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P_{min}=\frac{1}{8}\)
1)
+) Ta có
\(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2-2ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge a^2+b^2+2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2\) ( đpcm )
+ ) Theo phần trên
\(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+2ab\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\le\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2\) ( đpcm )
2,
Ta có: \(5\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)-9x\left(y+z\right)-18yz=0\Leftrightarrow5x^2-9x\left(y+z\right)+5\left(y+z\right)^2=28yz\le7\left(y+z\right)^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow5x^2-9x\left(y+z\right)-2\left(y+z\right)^2\le0\Leftrightarrow5\left(\frac{x}{y+z}\right)^2-9.\frac{x}{y+z}-2\le0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5.\frac{x}{y+z}+1\right)\left(\frac{x}{y+z}-2\right)\le0\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{y+z}\le2\)(Do \(5.\frac{x}{y+z}+1>0\forall x,y,z>0\))
\(\Rightarrow E=\frac{2x-y-z}{y+z}=2.\frac{x}{y+z}-1\le2.2-1=3\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(y=z=\frac{x}{4}\)
Theo đề bài ta có:
\(2\left(y^2+1\right)+6\ge\left(x^4+1\right)+\left(y^4+4\right)+\left(z^4+1\right)\ge2x^2+4y^2+2z^2\)
\(\Rightarrow0< x^2+y^2+z^2\le4\)
Đặt: \(t=x^2+y^2+z^2.Đkxđ:0< t\le4\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{2}\left(x+y\right)y=\sqrt{2x}y+\sqrt{2z}y\le\frac{2x^2+y^2}{2}+\frac{2z^2+y^2}{2}=x^2+y^2+z^2\)
\(P\le x^2+y^2+z^2+\frac{1}{x^2+y^2+z^2+1}=t+\frac{1}{t+1}=f\left(t\right)\)
Xét hàm: \(f\left(t\right)=t+\frac{1}{t+1}\) liên tục trên \(\left(0;4\right)\)
\(f'\left(t\right)=1-\frac{1}{\left(t+1\right)^2}>0\forall t\in\left\{0;4\right\}\)nên:
\(\Rightarrow f\left(t\right)\) đồng biến trên \(\left\{0;4\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le f\left(t\right)\le f\left(4\right)=\frac{21}{5}\forall t\in\left(0;4\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{Min}=\frac{21}{5}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=z=1\\y=\sqrt{2}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy ....................
ミ★๖ۣۜBăηɠ ๖ۣۜBăηɠ ★彡
có cách nào không dùng hàm k ???
\(P=\frac{y^2z^2}{x\left(y^2+z^2\right)}+\frac{z^2x^2}{y\left(x^2+z^2\right)}+\frac{x^2y^2}{z\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x\left(\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)}+\frac{1}{y\left(\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)}+\frac{1}{z\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)}\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{x};\frac{1}{y};\frac{1}{z}\right)\rightarrow\left(a;b;c\right)\) thì \(a^2+b^2+c^2=1\) Ta cần chứng minh:
\(P=\frac{a}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{b}{c^2+a^2}+\frac{c}{a^2+b^2}\)
\(=\frac{a}{1-a^2}+\frac{b}{1-b^2}+\frac{c}{1-c^2}\)
\(=\frac{a^2}{a\left(1-a^2\right)}+\frac{b^2}{b\left(1-b^2\right)}+\frac{c^2}{c\left(1-c^2\right)}\)
Theo đánh giá bởi AM - GM ta có:
\(a^2\left(1-a^2\right)^2=\frac{1}{2}\cdot2a^2\cdot\left(1-a^2\right)\left(1-a^2\right)\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{2a^2+1-a^2+1-a^2}{3}\right)^3=\frac{4}{27}\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(1-a^2\right)^2\le\frac{2}{3\sqrt{3}}\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{a\left(1-a\right)^2}\ge\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}a^2\)
Tương tự rồi cộng lại ta có ngay điều phải chứng minh
Cho ba số thực dương x;y;z thoả mãn \(5\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge14\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\) Tìm giá trị lớn nhất nhỏ nh... - Hoc24