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a) $2NaOH + H_2SO_4 \to Na_2SO_4 + 2H_2O$
b)
n H2SO4 = 0,03.1 = 0,03(mol)
n NaOH = 2n H2SO4 = 0,06(mol)
=> CM NaOH = 0,06/0,05 = 1,2M
c) $H_2SO_4 + 2KOH \to K_2SO_4 + 2H_2O$
n KOH = 2n H2SO4 = 0,06(mol)
=> m KOH = 0,06.56 = 3,36 gam
=> m dd KOH = 3,36/5,6% = 60(gam)
=> V dd KOH = m/D = 60/1,045 = 57,42(ml)
\(n_{H2SO4}=0,02.1=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
pư..............0,02..........0,04..............0,02...........0,04 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,04.40=1,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddNaOH\left(20\%\right)}=\dfrac{1,6}{20\%}=8\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: \(H_2SO_4+2KOH\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
pư............0,02............0,04............0,02..........0,04 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow m_{KOH}=0,04.56=2,24\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddKOH\left(5,6\%\right)}=\dfrac{2,24}{5,6\%}=40\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{KOH}=\dfrac{40}{1,045}\approx38,28\left(ml\right)\)
Vậy..............
Số mol H2SO4 ban đầu: n = 0.2*1 = 0.2 mol (200 ml = 0.2 l).
H2SO4 + 2NaOH ---> Na2SO4 + H2O
1mol ----- 2mol
0.2mol ---> 0.4 mol
Vậy lượng xút cần dùng là 0.4 mol
KL NaOH nguyên chất cần dùng: m = 0.4*40 = 16 g
KL dd NaOH 20% cần dùng:
m(dd) = m*100/C(%) = 16*100/20 = 80 g
Thể tích dd NaOH 20% cần dùng:
V = m(dd)/D = 80/1.045 = 76.56 ml.
=============================
Làm tương tự với KOH.
H2SO4 + 2KOH ---> K2SO4 + H2O
PTHH
H2SO4 + 2NaOH ----> Na2SO4 + 2H2O
a)
0,2 mol --> 2*0,2 mol
mNaOH = 0,4*40 = 16 g
=> mddNaOH = 16:20*100 = 80 g
b)
PTHH
H2SO4 + 2KOH ----> K2SO4 + 2H2O
0,2 mol --> 2*0,2 mol
mKOH = 0,4*56 = 22,4 g
=> mddKOH = 22,4:5,6*100 = 400 g
=> VddKOH = 400/1,045 = 382,8ml
1.
Al2O3 + 2NaOH -> 2NaAlO2 + H2O (1)
nNaAlO2=0,225(mol)
Từ 1:
nNaOH=nNaAlO2=0,225(mol)
nal2O3=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)nNaAlO2=0,1125(mol)
V dd NaOH=0,225:5=0,045(lít)
mAl2O3=0,1125.102=11,475(g)
mquặng=11,475.110%=12,6225(g)
Ta có: \(m_{HCl}=50.14,6\%=7,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{7,3}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(HCl+KOH\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{KOH}=n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(l\right)=400\left(ml\right)\)
KOH + HCl → KCl + H2O
\(0,146\) \(0,146\) \(0,146\)
\(V_{KOH}=\dfrac{n}{CM}=\dfrac{0,146}{0,5}=0,292\left(l\right)=292\left(ml\right)\)
a) H2SO4 + 2NaOH --> Na2SO4 + 2H2O
b) \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: H2SO4 + 2NaOH --> Na2SO4 + 2H2O
0,2---->0,4
=> mNaOH = 0,4.40 = 16 (g)
=> \(m_{dd.NaOH}=\dfrac{16.100}{20}=80\left(g\right)\)
c)
PTHH: H2SO4 + 2KOH --> K2SO4 + 2H2O
0,2---->0,4
=> mKOH = 0,4.56 = 22,4 (g)
=> \(m_{dd.KOH}=\dfrac{22,4.100}{5,6}=400\left(g\right)\)
=> \(V_{dd.KOH}=\dfrac{400}{1,045}=382,775\left(ml\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
0,2 0,4
\(m_{\text{ }NaOH}=0,4.40=16g\\ m_{\text{dd}NaOH}=\dfrac{16.100}{20}=80g\)
\(pthh:H_2SO_4+2KOH\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
0,2 0,4
\(m_{KOH}=0,4.56=22,4g\\ m_{\text{dd}KOH}=\dfrac{22,4.100}{5,6}=400g\\ V_{\text{dd}}=\dfrac{400}{1,045}=382,7ml\)
\(V_{dd}=\dfrac{22,4}{1,045}=21,4354ml\)