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Bài 1:
\(1,M_{MgCO_3}=84(g/mol)\\ \begin{cases} \%_{Mg}=\dfrac{24}{84}.100\%=28,57\%\\ \%_{C}=\dfrac{12}{84}.100\%=14,29\%\\ \%_{O}=100\%-28,57\%-14,29\%=57,14\% \end{cases}\)
\(2,M_{Al(OH)_3}=78(g/mol)\\ \begin{cases} \%_{Al}=\dfrac{27}{78}.100\%=31,62\%\\ \%_{H}=\dfrac{3}{78}.100\%=3,85\%\\ \%_{O}=100\%-31,62\%-3,85\%=64,53\% \end{cases}\)
\(3,M_{(NH_4)_2HPO_4}=132(g/mol)\\ \begin{cases} \%_{N}=\dfrac{28}{132}.100\%=21,21\%\\ \%_{H}=\dfrac{9}{132}.100\%=6,82\%\\ \%_{P}=\dfrac{31}{132}.100\%=23,48\%\\ \%_{O}=100\%-23,48\%-6,82\%-21,21\%48,49\% \end{cases}\)
\(4,M_{C_2H_5COOCH_3}=88(g/mol)\\ \begin{cases} \%_{C}=\dfrac{48}{88}.100\%=54,55\%\\ \%_{H}=\dfrac{8}{88}.100\%=9,09\%\\ \%_{O}=100\%-9,09\%-54,55\%=36,36\% \end{cases}\)
Bài 2:
\(c,\%_{Al(AlCl_3)}=\dfrac{27}{27+35,5.3}.100\%=20,22\%\\ \%_{Al(Al_2O_3)}=\dfrac{27.2}{27.2+16.3}.100\%=52,94\%\\ \%_{Al(AlBr_3)}=\dfrac{27}{27+80.3}.100\%=10,11\%\\ \%_{Al(Al_2S_3)}=\dfrac{27.2}{27.2+32.3}.100\%=36\%\)
Vậy \(Al_2O_3\) có \(\%Al\) cao nhất và \(AlBr_3\) có \(\%Al\) nhỏ nhất
\(M_{MgSO_4}=24+32+16.4=120\\ \%Mg=\dfrac{24}{120}.100=20\%\\ \%S=\dfrac{32}{120}.100=26,67\%\\ \%O=\dfrac{16.4}{120}.100=53,33\%\\ M_{Al\left(NO_3\right)_3}=27+62.3=213\\ \%Al=\dfrac{27}{213}.100=12,68\%\\ \%N=\dfrac{14.3}{213}.100=19,72\%\\ \%O=\dfrac{16.9}{213}.100=67,6\%\)
\(MgSO_4=120\)
\(\%Mg=\dfrac{24}{120}.100\%=20\%\)
\(\%S=\dfrac{32}{120}.100\%\text{≈}26,67\%\)
\(\%O=100-\left(20+26,67\right)\text{≈}53,33\%\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al=\dfrac{27.2}{342}.100\%=15,79\%\\\%S=\dfrac{32.3}{342}.100\%=28,07\%\\\%O=\dfrac{16.12}{342}.100\%=56,14\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Fe=\dfrac{56.3}{232}.100\%=72,414\%\\\%O=\dfrac{4.16}{232}.100\%=27,586\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Mg=\dfrac{24.1}{120}.100\%=20\%\\\%S=\dfrac{32.1}{120}.100\%=26,667\%\\\%O=\dfrac{16.4}{120}.100\%=53,333\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al=\dfrac{27.1}{213}.100\%=12,676\%\\\%N=\dfrac{14.3}{213}.100\%=19,718\%\\\%O=\dfrac{16.9}{213}.100\%=67,606\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{NO_3} = n_N = \dfrac{52,39.14,43\%}{14} = 0,54(mol)\\ m_A = m_{kim\ loại} + m_{NO_3}\\ \Rightarrow m_{kim\ loại} = m_A - m_{NO_3} = 52,39 - 0,54.62 = 18,91(gam)\)
\(PTK_{Al_x\left(NO_3\right)_3}=x\cdot NTK_{Al}+3NTK_N+9NTK_O=213\\ \Rightarrow27x+3\cdot14+9\cdot16=213\\ \Rightarrow27x=27\\ \Rightarrow x=1\)
Ta có: MAl2O3 = 27.2+16.3 = 102 g/mol
%Al = 27.210227.2102.100% = 52,94%
%O = 16.310216.3102.100% = 47,06%
xin lỗi mng e viết nhầm, O=16 nha mng
\(\%Al=\dfrac{27}{27+62.3}.100=12,68\%\)
\(\%N=\dfrac{14.3}{27+62.3}.100=19,72\%\)
\(\%O=\dfrac{16.9}{27+62.3}.100=67,6\%\)