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\(nCO2=\dfrac{0.44}{44}=0.01mol\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{CO2}=0.01\times22.4=0.224l\)
\(nH2=\dfrac{0.04}{4}=0.01mol\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H2}=0.01\times22.4=0.224l\)
=> Tổng thể tích: \(V_{CO2}+V_{H2}=0.224+0.224=0.448\)
\(nCH4=\dfrac{1.12}{22.4}=0.05mol\Rightarrow mCH4=0.05\times16=0.8g\)
\(mO2=0.2\times32=6.4g\)
Tổng khối lượng: mCH4 + mO2 = 0.8 + 6.4 = 7.2g
\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)
bđ 0,3 0,4
pư 0,3 0,15
sau pư 0 0,25 0,3
=> H2 hết, O2 dư
\(m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,25.32=8\left(g\right)\)
b) \(A_{H_2O}=0,3.6.10^{23}=1,8.10^{23}\left(phân.tử\right)\)
c) \(m_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=0,15.32=4,8\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
0,3<-------------------------------------0,15
\(\rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=0,3.158=47,4\left(g\right)\)
\(a.n_{Na}=\dfrac{4,6}{23}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{KOH}=\dfrac{8,4}{56}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_3PO_4}=\dfrac{11,76}{98}=0,12\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{16}{32}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ b.n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ n_{N_2}=\dfrac{10,08}{22,4}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
\(a,PTHH:2KMnO_4\rightarrow^{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\\ b,n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{O_2}=0,3\cdot32=9,6\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4\left(bđ\right)}=m_{\text{chất rắn}}+m_{O_2}=109,6\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{MnO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{MnO_2}=0,3\cdot87=26,1\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow\%_{MnO_2}=\dfrac{26,1}{100}\cdot100\%=26,1\%\\ \Rightarrow\%_{KMnO_4}=100\%-26,1\%=73,9\%\)
3. a) MO2/MN2 = 32/28 = 8/7
b) MO2/MCO = 32/28 = 8/7
c) MO2/Mkk = 32/29
1 tính khối lượng của
a) 0.5 mol Fe2O3
\(M_{Fe_2O_3}=2\times56+3\times16=160\) (g/mol)
\(m_{Fe_2O_3}=n_{Fe_2O_3}\times M_{Fe_2O_3}=0,5\times112=56\left(g\right)\)
b) 0,15 mol CO2
\(M_{CO_2}=1\times12+2\times16=44\) (g/mol)
\(m_{CO_2}=n_{CO_2}\times M_{CO_2}=0,15\times44=6,6\left(g\right)\)
c) 5,6 lít O2 ( điều kiện tiêu chuẩn )
\(n_{O_2}=\frac{V_{O_2}}{22,4}=\frac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(M_{O_2}=2\times16=32\) (g/mol)
\(m_{O_2}=n_{O_2}\times M_{O_2}=0,25\times32=8\left(g\right)\)
d) 8,96 lít H2 ( điều kiện tiêu chuẩn)
\(n_{H_2}=\frac{V_{H_2}}{22,4}=\frac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(M_{H_2}=2\times1=2\) (g/mol)
\(m_{H_2}=n_{H_2}\times M_{H_2}=0,4\times2=0,8\left(g\right)\)
2 tính thể tích ( điều kiện tiêu chuẩn)
a) 0,125 mol Cl2
\(V_{Cl_2}=22,4\times n_{Cl_2}=22,4\times0,125=2,8\left(l\right)\)
b) 2,5 mol CH4
\(V_{CH_4}=22,4\times n_{CH_4}=22,4\times2,5=56\left(l\right)\)
c) 6,4 gam 02
\(M_{O_2}=2\times16=32\) (g/mol)
\(n_{O_2}=\frac{m_{O_2}}{M_{O_2}}=\frac{6,4}{32}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{O_2}=22,4\times n_{O_2}=22,4\times0,2=4,48\left(l\right)\)
d) 5,6 gam N2
\(M_{N_2}=2\times14=28\) (g/mol)
\(n_{N_2}=\frac{m_{N_2}}{M_{N_2}}=\frac{5,6}{28}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{N_2}=22,4\times n_{N_2}=22,4\times0,2=4,48\left(l\right)\)
3 tính tỉ khối của khí O2 so với
a) khí N2
\(d_{O_2;N_2}=\frac{M_{O_2}}{M_{N_2}}=\frac{2\times16}{2\times14}=\frac{8}{7}\)
b) khí CO
\(d_{O_2;CO}=\frac{M_{O_2}}{M_{CO}}=\frac{2\times16}{1\times12+1\times16}=\frac{8}{7}\)
c) không khí
\(d_{O_2;kk}=\frac{M_{O_2}}{M_{kk}}=\frac{2\times16}{29}=\frac{32}{29}\)
$\rm a)n_{kk} = \dfrac{67,2}{22,4} = 3 (mol)$
$\rm \Rightarrow n_{O_2} = 20\%.3 = 0,6 (mol)$
$\rm n_P = \dfrac{24,8}{31} = 0,8 (mol)$
PTHH: \(\rm 4P + 5O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2P_2O_5 \)
Ban đầu: 0,8 0,6
Pư: 0,48<--0,6
Sau pư: 0,32 0 0,24
$\rm \Rightarrow m_{\text{sản phẩm tạo thành}} = m_{P_2O_5(sinh.ra)} = 0,24.142 = 34,08 (g)$
$\m b) m_{hh} = m_{P(dư)} + m_{P_2O_5} = 0,32.31 + 34,08 = 44 (g)$
$\rm \Rightarrow \%m_P = \dfrac{0,32.31}{44} .100\% = 22,545\%$
$\rm \Rightarrow \%m_{P_2O_5} = 100\% - 22,545\% = 77,455\%$
\(n_P=\dfrac{24,8}{31}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
Thể tích Oxi trong 67,2 lít không khí :
67,2 x 20% = 13,44(l)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)
Trc p/ư: 0,8 0,6 (mol)
p/ư 0,48 0,6 0,24
Sau p/ư: 0,32 0 0,24
=> Sau p/ư P dư
Khối lượng sản phẩm tạo thành :
\(m_{P_2O_5}=0,24.142=34,08\left(g\right)\)
Khối lượng P trong hỗn hợp :
\(m_{P\left(P_2O_5\right)}=0,48.31=14,88\left(g\right)\)
Thành phần % của P :
\(14,88:34,08=43,66\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6.72}{22.4}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{1.12}{22.4}=0.05\left(mol\right)\)
\(H_2+Cl_2\underrightarrow{^{^{as}}}2HCl\)
\(n_{H_2}>n_{Cl_2}\Rightarrow H_2dư\)
\(m_{HCl}=0.05\cdot2\cdot36.5=3.65\left(g\right)\)
a.\(m_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}.44=8,8g\)
b.\(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{2,8}{22,4}=0,125mol\)
c.\(V_{Cl_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6l\)
a) nCo2= V/22,4= 4,48/22,4= 0,2(mol) mCo2= n.M= 0,2.44=8.8(g) b) nCH4= V/22,4= 2,8/22,4=0,125(mol) c) VCl2=n.22,4= 0,25.22,4=5,6(l)
\(a,\text{đ}\text{ề}\\ b,n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{9.10^{23}}{6.10^{23}}=1,5\left(mol\right)\\ m_{CO_2}=44.1,5=66\left(g\right)\\ c,V_{CO_2\left(\text{đ}ktc\right)}=1,5.22,4=33,6\left(l\right)\)
\(a.n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=44.0,3=13,2\left(g\right)\\ n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{1,344}{22,4}=0,06\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cl_2}=71.0,06=4,26\left(g\right)\\ b.m_{Na_2O}=62.0,32=19,84\left(g\right)\\ m_{CaCO_3}=100.1,44=144\left(g\right)\)
a) \(n_{CO_2\left(đktc\right)}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{CO_2}=0,3.44=13,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{1,344}{22,4}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Cl_2}=0,06.71=4,26\left(g\right)\)
b)\(m_{Na_2O}=0,32.62=19,84\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{CaCO_3}=1,44.100=144\left(g\right)\)