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Ta có 1/x+1/y+1/z=0
=>1/x+1/y=-1/z
=>(1/x+1/y)^3= (-1/z)^3
=>1/x^3+1/y^3+3.1/x.1/y.(1/x+1/y) =-1/z^3
=>1/x^3+1/y^3+1/z^3= -3.1/x.1/y.(1/x+1/y) =3/(xyz) (vì 1/x+1/y=-1/z)
Mặt khác: 1/x+1/y+1/z=0
=>(xy+yz+zx)/(xyz)=0
=>xy+yz+zx=0
A=yz/x^2 +2yz + xz/y^2+ 2xz + xy/z^2+ 2 xy
=xyz/x^3+xyz/y^3+xyz/z^3 +2(xy+yz+zx) (vì x,y,z khác 0)
=xyz(1/x^3+1/y^3+1/z^3) (vì xy+yz+zx=0)
=xyz.3/(xyz) (vì 1/x^3+1/y^3+1/z^3=3/(xyz) )
=3
Vậy A=3.
Bài \(1a.\) Tìm \(x,y,z\) biết \(x^2+4y^2=2xy+1\) \(\left(1\right)\) và \(z^2=2xy-1\) \(\left(2\right)\)
Cộng \(\left(1\right)\) và \(\left(2\right)\) vế theo vế, ta được:
\(x^2+4y^2+z^2=4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x^2-4xy+4y^2+z^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(x-2y\right)^2+z^2=0\)
Do \(\left(x-2y\right)^2\ge0\) và \(z^2\ge0\) với mọi \(x,y,z\)
nên để thỏa mãn đẳng thức trên thì phải đồng thời xảy ra \(\left(x-2y\right)^2=0\) và \(z^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(^{x-2y=0}_{z^2=0}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(^{x=2y}_{z=0}\)
Từ \(\left(2\right)\), với chú ý rằng \(x=2y\) và \(z=0\), ta suy ra:
\(2xy-1=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(2.\left(2y\right).y-1=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(4y^2-1=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(y^2=\frac{1}{4}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(y=\frac{1}{2}\) hoặc \(y=-\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\text{*)}\) Với \(y=\frac{1}{2}\) kết hợp với \(z=0\) \(\left(cmt\right)\) thì \(\left(2\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\) \(2.x.\frac{1}{2}-1=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x=1\)
\(\text{*)}\) Tương tự với trường hợp \(y=-\frac{1}{2}\), ta cũng dễ dàng suy ra được \(x=-1\)
Vậy, các cặp số \(x,y,z\) cần tìm là \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left\{\left(1;\frac{1}{2};0\right),\left(-1;-\frac{1}{2};0\right)\right\}\)
\(b.\) Vì \(x+y+z=1\) nên \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)=1\) \(\left(3\right)\)
Mặt khác, ta lại có \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\) \(\Rightarrow\) \(xy+yz+xz=0\) \(\left(4\right)\) (do \(xyz\ne0\))
Do đó, từ \(\left(3\right)\) và \(\left(4\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\) \(x^2+y^2+z^2=1\)
Vậy, \(B=1\)
\(A=\left(\frac{4}{x-y}-\frac{x-y}{y^2}\right).\frac{y^2-xy}{x-3y}+\left(\frac{x}{2}-\frac{x^2-xy}{x-2y}\right):\frac{xy+y^2}{2x-4y}\)
\(=\frac{4y^2-\left(x-y\right)^2}{y^2\left(x-y\right)}.\frac{y^2-xy}{x-3y}+\frac{x\left(x-2y\right)-2\left(x^2-xy\right)}{2\left(x-2y\right)}.\frac{2x-4y}{xy+y^2}\)
\(=\frac{3y^2+2xy-x^2}{y^2\left(x-y\right)}.\frac{y^2-xy}{x-3y}+\frac{-x^2}{2\left(x-2y\right)}.\frac{2x-4y}{xy+y^2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(3y-x\right)}{y^2\left(x-y\right)}.\frac{y\left(y-x\right)}{x-3y}-\frac{x^2}{2\left(x-2y\right)}.\frac{2\left(x-2y\right)}{y\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y\right)}{y}-\frac{x^2}{y\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2-x^2}{y\left(x+y\right)}=\frac{2xy+y^2}{y\left(x+y\right)}=\frac{2x+y}{x+y}\)
Giờ chỉ cần thế x, y vô nữa là xong nhé.
\(A=\left(\frac{4}{x-y}-\frac{x-y}{y^2}\right).\frac{y^2-xy}{x-3y}\)\(+\left(\frac{x}{2}-\frac{x^2-xy}{x-2y}\right):\frac{xy+y^2}{2x-4y}\)
\(=\left(\frac{4}{x-y}-\frac{x-y}{y^2}\right).\frac{y\left(y-x\right)}{x-3y}\)\(+\left(\frac{x}{2}-\frac{x\left(x-y\right)}{x-2y}\right):\frac{y\left(x+y\right)}{2\left(x-2y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{4y\left(y-x\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-3y\right)}-\frac{\left(x-y\right)y\left(y-x\right)}{y^2\left(x-3y\right)}\)\(+\frac{x.2\left(x-2y\right)}{2.y\left(x+y\right)}-\frac{x\left(x-y\right).2\left(x-2y\right)}{\left(x-2y\right).y\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-4y}{x-3y}+\frac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{y\left(x-3y\right)}+\frac{x\left(x-2y\right)}{y\left(x+y\right)}-\frac{2x\left(x-y\right)}{y\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-4y^2+x^2-2xy+y^2}{y\left(x-3y\right)}+\frac{x^2-2xy-2x^2+2xy}{y\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2-2xy-3y^2}{y\left(x-3y\right)}+\frac{-x^2}{y\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+xy-3xy-3y^2}{y\left(x-3y\right)}-\frac{x^2}{y\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x\left(x+y\right)-3y\left(x+y\right)}{y\left(x-3y\right)}-\frac{x^2}{y\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x-3y\right)}{y\left(x-3y\right)}-\frac{x^2}{y\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x+y}{y}-\frac{x^2}{y\left(x+y\right)}=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2-x^2}{y\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2-2xy+y^2-x^2}{y\left(x+y\right)}=\frac{-2xy+y^2}{y\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{y\left(y-2x\right)}{y\left(x+y\right)}=\frac{y-2x}{x+y}\)
Thay \(x=\frac{1}{2};y=\frac{1}{3}\)vào A ta có :
\(A=\frac{\frac{1}{3}-2.\frac{1}{2}}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}}=\frac{\frac{1}{3}-1}{\frac{3}{6}+\frac{2}{6}}=\frac{2}{3}:\frac{5}{6}=\frac{2.6}{3.5}=\frac{4}{5}\)
Vậy \(A=\frac{4}{5}\)tại \(x=\frac{1}{2};y=\frac{1}{3}\)
Ta có \(P=\frac{x^2+y\left(x+y\right)}{x^2-y^2}:\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}{x^4\left(x-y\right)-y^4\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+xy+y^2}{x^2-y^2}:\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^4-y^4\right)}\)\(=\frac{x^2+xy+y^2}{x^2-y^2}:\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+xy+y^2}{x^2-y^2}.\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)\(=x^2+y^2=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy\)
Thay \(x+y=5;xy=-\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow P=5^2-2.\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)=26\)
Vậy P=26
\(P=\left[\left(\frac{x-y}{2y-x}-\frac{x^2+y^2+y-2}{x^2-xy-2y^2}\right):\frac{4x^4+4x^2y+y^2-4}{x^2+y+xy+x}\right]:\frac{x+1}{2x^2+y+2}\)
\(P=\left[\left(\frac{x-y}{2y-x}-\frac{x^2+y^2+y-2}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x-2y\right)}\right):\frac{\left(2x^2+y+2\right)\left(2x^2+y-2\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+1\right)}\right]:\frac{x+1}{2x^2+y+2}\)
\(P=\left(\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+x^2+y^2+y-2}{\left(x+y\right)\left(2y-x\right)}.\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(2x^2+y+2\right)\left(2x^2+y-2\right)}\right):\frac{2x^2+y+2}{x+1}\)
\(P=\left(\frac{2x^2+y-2}{2y-x}.\frac{x+1}{2x^2+y-2}\right).\frac{1}{x+1}\)
\(P=\frac{1}{2y-x}\)
Tại \(x=-1,76\) và \(y=\frac{3}{25}\) thì giá trị của \(Q=\frac{1}{2}\)
Đặt \(A=\frac{x-y}{2y-x}-\frac{x^2+y^2+y-2}{x^2-xy-2y^2}\)
\(B=\frac{4x^4+4x^2y+y^2-4}{x^2+y+xy+x}\)
\(C=\frac{x+1}{2x^2+y+2}\)
Ta có:
A = \(\frac{x-y}{2y-x}-\frac{x^2+y^2+y-2}{x^2-y^2-xy-y^2}=\frac{x-y}{2y-x}-\frac{x^2+y^2+y-2}{\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+y\right)}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+x^2+y^2+y-2}{\left(2y-x\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
=>A=\(\frac{x^2-y^2+x^2+y^2+y-2}{\left(2y-x\right)\left(x+y\right)}=\frac{2x^2+y-2}{\left(2y-x\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
B=\(\frac{\left(2x^2\right)^2+2.2x^2.y+y^2-4}{x^2+xy+x+y}=\frac{\left(2x^2+y\right)^2-4}{x\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+y\right)}=\frac{\left(2x^2+y+2\right)\left(2x^2+y-2\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
=>\(P=\left(A:B\right):C\)
\(=\left[\frac{2x^2+y-2}{\left(2y-x\right)\left(x+y\right)}:\frac{\left(2x^2+y+2\right)\left(2x^2+y-2\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+1\right)}\right]:\frac{x+1}{2x^2+y+2}\)
\(=\frac{2x^2+y-2}{\left(2y-x\right)\left(x+y\right)}.\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(2x^2+y+2\right)\left(2x^2+y-2\right)}.\frac{2x^2+y+2}{x+1}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2y-x}\)
=>\(P=\frac{1}{2y-x}\)
Thế x=-1,76 và y=3/25 vào P
=>\(P=\frac{1}{2.\frac{3}{25}-1,76}=\frac{1}{2}\)
a)\(N=\left(\frac{x^2}{x^2-y^2}+\frac{y}{x-y}\right):\frac{x^3-y^3}{x^5-x^4y-xy^4+y^5}\)
\(=\left(\frac{x^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{xy+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\right):\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}{\left(x^4-y^4\right)\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+xy+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}:\frac{\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}{x^4-y^4}\)
\(=\frac{x^4-y^4}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)}{x^2-y^2}=x^2+y^2\)
b) Ta có: \(x+y=\frac{1}{40}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2=\frac{1}{1600}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+2xy+y^2=\frac{1}{1600}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-\frac{1}{40}+y^2=\frac{1}{1600}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2=\frac{1}{1600}+\frac{1}{40}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2=\frac{41}{1600}\)
Vậy \(N=\frac{41}{1600}\)
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\Rightarrow xy+yz+xz=0\) (nhân 2 vế với\(xyz\ne0\))
=> x2 + 2yz = x2 + 2yz - xy - yz - xz = x2 - xz - xy + yz = x(x - z) - y(x - z) = (x - y)(x - z).
Tương tự,y2 + 2xz = (y - x)(y - z) ; z2 + 2xy = (z - x)(z - y)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{yz}{x^2+2yz}+\frac{xz}{y^2+2xz}+\frac{xy}{z^2+2xy}=\frac{yz}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}+\frac{xz}{\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)}+\frac{xy}{\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)}=1\)