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a, \(21\in B\left(x-3\right)\Leftrightarrow x-3\inƯ\left(21\right)\Leftrightarrow x-3\in\left\{1;3;7;21;-1;-3;-7;-21\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{4;6;10;24;2;0;-4;-18\right\}\)
Vì \(x\in N\Rightarrow x\in\left\{4;6;10;24;2;0\right\}\)
b, \(1-x\inƯ\left(17\right)\Leftrightarrow1-x\in\left\{1;17;-1;-17\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{0;-16;2;18\right\}\)
Vì \(x\in N\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;2;18\right\}\)
c, \(2x+3\in B\left(2x-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+3⋮2x-1\Leftrightarrow2x-1+4⋮2x-1\Leftrightarrow4⋮2x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-1\inƯ\left(4\right)\Leftrightarrow2x-1\in\left\{1;2;4;-1;-2;-4\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{1;\frac{3}{2};\frac{5}{2};0;\frac{-1}{2};\frac{-3}{2}\right\}\)
Vì \(x\in N\Rightarrow x\in\left\{1;0\right\}\)
d, \(x+1\inƯ\left(x^2+x+3\right)\Leftrightarrow x^2+x+3⋮x+1\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+1\right)+3⋮x+1\Leftrightarrow3⋮x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+1\inƯ\left(3\right)\Leftrightarrow x+1\in\left\{1;3;-1;-3\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{0;2;-2;-4\right\}\)
Vì \(x\in N\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;2\right\}\)
Tìm x thuộc N
1) ( 2x + 3) thuộc B(x - 2 )
2) ( x + 1 ) thuộc Ư( 2x + 7)
3) ( 3x + 12) thuộc B( 3x + 7)
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a, (x+3)(y+2) = 1
=> (x+3) \(\in\)Ư(1) = \(\left\{-1;1\right\}\)
Do (x+3)(y+2) là số dương
=> (x+3) và (y+2) cùng dấu
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+3=1\\y+2=1\end{cases}}\)hay \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+3=-1\\y+2=-1\end{cases}}\)
TH1:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x+3=1\\y+2=1\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-2\\y=-1\end{cases}}}\)
TH2:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x+3=-1\\y+2=-1\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-4\\y=-3\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy ............
b, (2x - 5)(y-6) = 17
=> \(\left(2x-5\right)\inƯ\left(17\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm17\right\}\)
Ta có bảng sau:
| 2x - 5 | -17 | -1 | 1 | 17 |
| x | -6 | 2 | 3 | 11 |
| y - 6 | -1 | -17 | 17 | 1 |
| y | 5 | -11 | 23 | 7 |
Vậy \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(-6,5\right);\left(2,-11\right);\left(3,23\right);\left(11,7\right)\right\}\)
c, Tương tự câu b