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a: Ta có: \(A=x^2+3x+4\)
\(=x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{7}{4}\)
\(=\left(x+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{4}\ge\dfrac{7}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
a) \(2x^2-x+1=2\left(x-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{8}\ge\dfrac{7}{8}\)
\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
b) \(5x-x^2+4=-\left(x-\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{41}{4}\le\dfrac{41}{4}\)
\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
c) \(x^2+5y^2-2xy+4y+3=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=y=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b: ta có: \(-x^2+5x+4\)
\(=-\left(x^2-5x-4\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{5}{2}+\dfrac{25}{4}-\dfrac{41}{4}\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{41}{4}\le\dfrac{41}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
\(C=x^2+y^2-3x+4y+5\)
\(=x^2-2\times x\times\frac{3}{2}+\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+y^2+2\times y\times2+2^2-2^2+5\)
\(=\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2-\frac{5}{4}\)
\(\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\left(y+2\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2-\frac{5}{4}\ge-\frac{5}{4}\)
Vậy Min C = \(-\frac{5}{4}\) khi x = \(\frac{3}{2}\) và y = \(-2\)
2) \(P=\frac{4}{2x^2+2xy+y^2+5x+20}=\frac{4}{\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2+5x+\frac{25}{4}\right)+\frac{75}{4}}\)
\(=\frac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x+\frac{5}{2}\right)^2+\frac{75}{4}}\)
Để P đạt GTLN
=> Mẫu thức đạt GTNN
mà \(\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x+\frac{5}{2}\right)^2+\frac{75}{4}\ge\frac{75}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=0\\x+\frac{5}{2}=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{5}{2}\\y=\frac{5}{2}\end{cases}}\)
Thay x = -5/2 và y = 5/2 vào P
Khi đó P = \(\frac{4}{\left(-\frac{5}{2}+\frac{5}{2}\right)^2+\left(-\frac{5}{2}+\frac{5}{2}\right)^2+\frac{75}{4}}=\frac{4}{\frac{75}{4}}=\frac{16}{75}\)
Vậy Max P = 16/75 <=> x = -5/2 ; y = 5/2
1) Ta có P = x2 + 2xy + 3y2 + 5y + 10
= (x2 + 2xy + y2) + (2y2 + 5y + 10)
= \(\left(x+y\right)^2+2\left(y^2+\frac{5}{2}y+5\right)=\left(x+y\right)^2+2\left(y^2+\frac{5}{2}y+\frac{25}{16}+\frac{55}{16}\right)\)
= \(\left(x+y\right)^2+2\left(y+\frac{5}{4}\right)^2+\frac{55}{8}\ge\frac{55}{8}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=0\\y+\frac{5}{4}=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{5}{4}\\y=-\frac{5}{4}\end{cases}}\)
Vạy Min P = 55/8 <=> x = 5/4 ; y = -5/4
Bài 2:
a: \(=-\left(x^2+2x-100\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2+2x+1-101\right)\)
\(=-\left(x+1\right)^2+101< =101\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1
b: \(=-3\left(x^2-\dfrac{1}{3}x\right)\)
\(=-3\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{36}-\dfrac{1}{36}\right)\)
\(=-3\left(x-\dfrac{1}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{12}< =\dfrac{1}{12}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=1/6
c: \(=-\left(3x^2+4y^2-18x+8y-12\right)\)
\(=-\left(3x^2-18x+27+4y^2+8y+4-43\right)\)
\(=-3\left(x-3\right)^2-4\left(y+1\right)^2+43< =43\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=3 và y=-1