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a) \(A=\left(x+1\right)\left(2x-1\right)\)
\(A=2x^2+x-1\)
\(A=2\left(x^2+\frac{1}{2}x-\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(A=2\left[x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\frac{1}{4}+\left(\frac{1}{4}\right)^2-\frac{9}{16}\right]\)
\(A=2\left[\left(x+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2-\frac{9}{16}\right]\)
\(A=2\left(x+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2-\frac{9}{8}\ge\frac{-9}{8}\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x+\frac{1}{4}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-1}{4}\)
Vậy Amin = -9/8 khi và chỉ khi x = -1/4
b) \(B=4x^2-4xy+2y^2+1\)
\(B=\left(2x\right)^2-2\cdot2x\cdot y+y^2+y^2+1\)
\(B=\left(2x-y\right)^2+y^2+1\ge1\forall x;y\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x-y=0\\y=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}}x=y=0\)
Vậy Bmin = 1 khi và chỉ khi x = y = 0
a) \(x^3+x^2y-x^2z-xyz\)
\(=x^2\left(x+y\right)-xz\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xz\right)\)
\(=x\left(x+y\right)\left(x-z\right)\)
b) \(x^2-6x+9-9y^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot3+3^2\right)-\left(3y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)^2-\left(3y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-3-3y\right)\left(x-3+3y\right)\)
c) \(x^2+9x+20\)
\(=x^2+5x+4x+20\)
\(=x\left(x+5\right)+4\left(x+5\right)\)
\(=\left(x+5\right)\left(x+4\right)\)
d) \(x^4+4\)
\(=\left(x^2\right)^2+2\cdot x^2\cdot2+4-2\cdot x^2\cdot2\)
\(=\left(x^2+2\right)-\left(2x\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x+2\right)\left(x^2+2x+2\right)\)
a/\(x^3+x^2y-x^2z-xyz\)
\(=\left(x^3-x^2y\right)+\left(x^2y-xyz\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(x-z\right)+xy\left(x-z\right)\)
\(=\left(x-z\right)\left(x^2+xy\right)\)
b/\(x^2-6x+9-9y^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-6x+9\right)-9y^2\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)^2-\left(3y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-3+3y\right)\left(x-3-3y\right)\)
c/\(x^2+9x+20\)
\(=x^2+4x+5x+20\)
\(=\left(x^2+4x\right)+\left(5x+20\right)\)
\(=x\left(x+4\right)+5\left(x+4\right)\)
\(=\left(x+5\right)\left(x+4\right)\)
d/\(x^4+4\)
\(=x^4+4x^2-4x^2+4\)
\(=\left(x^2+4x^2+4\right)-4x^2\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)^2-\left(2x\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+2-2x\right)\left(x+2+2x\right)\)
d) \(x^2-y^2-2x+2y\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-\left(y^2-2y+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(y-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-1-y+1\right)\left(x-1+y-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-2\right)\)
\(4xy^2-12x^2y+8xy\)
\(=4xy\left(y-3x+2\right)\)
\(3x^2-6xy+3y^2-12z^2\)
\(=3.\left(x^2-2xy+y^2-4z^2\right)\)
\(=3.\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(2z\right)^2\right]\)
\(=3.\left(x-y-2z\right)\left(x-y+2z\right)\)
\(x^4y^4+4=\left[\left(x^2y^2\right)^2+2..x^2y^2.2+2^2\right]-\left(2xy\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2y^2+2\right)^2-\left(2xy\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2y^2+2-2xy\right)\left(x^2y^2+2+2xy\right)\)
\(M=x^2+y^2-xy-2x-2y+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=\left(\frac{1}{2}x^2-xy+\frac{1}{2}y^2\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2}x^2-2x+2\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2}y^2-2y+2\right)-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=\frac{1}{2}\left(x-y\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(x-2\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(y-2\right)^2-2\ge-2\)\(\forall\)\(x\)
"=" khi x=y=2
Vậy Min M là -2 khi x=y=2
\(M=x^2+y^2-xy-2x-2y+2\)
\(4M=4x^2+4y^2-4xy-8x-8y+8\)
\(4M=\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)+3y^2-8x-8y+8\)
\(4M=\left[\left(2x-y\right)^2-2\left(2x-y\right)\times2+4\right]+3y^2-12y+4\)
\(4M=\left(2x-y-2\right)^2+3\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-8\)
\(4M=\left(2x-y-2\right)^2+3\left(y-2\right)^2-8\)
\(\Rightarrow4M\ge-8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M\ge-2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :
\(2x^2+2y^2-4xy+2x-2y+4\)
\(=2\left(x-y\right)^2+2\left(x-y\right)+4\)
\(=2\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+2\left(x-y\right)\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}\right]+\frac{7}{2}\)
\(=2\left(x-y+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{7}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\frac{7}{2}\)
Dấu = bn tự tính nhé