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Lời giải:
$M=(x^2+y^2+2xy)+x^2+y^2-6x-6y+11$
$=(x+y)^2+x^2+y^2-6x-6y+11$
$=(x+y)^2-4(x+y)+4+(x^2-2x+1)+(y^2-2y+1)+5$
$=(x+y-2)^2+(x-1)^2+(y-1)^2+5\geq 0+0+0+5=5$
Vậy $M_{\min}=5$. Giá trị này đạt tại $x+y-2=x-1=y-1=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=y=1$
M = 2x2 + 5y2 - 2xy + 1
=> 2M = 4x2 + 10y2 - 4xy + 2
= (4x2 - 4xy + y2) + 9y2 + 2
= (4x - y)2 + (3y)2 + 2
=> M = \(\frac{\left(4x-y\right)^2}{2}+\frac{\left(3y\right)^2}{2}+1\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}4x-y=0\\3y=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=y=0\)
Vậy Min M = 1 <=> x = y = 0
\(A=2x^2+2xy+y^2-2x+2y+2\)
\(=x^2-4x+4+x^2+y^2+1+2x+2y+2xy-3\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(x+y+1\right)^2-3\ge-3\)
Dấu \(=\)khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-2=0\\x+y+1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=-3\end{cases}}\).
\(A=x^2+2x\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)^2-\left(y+1\right)^2+2y^2-4y+2028\)
\(=\left(x+y+1\right)^2-y^2-2x-1+2y^2-4y+2028\)
\(=\left(x+y+1\right)^2-6x+y^2+2027\)
\(=\left(x+y+1\right)+\left(y-3\right)^2+2018\ge2018\forall x;y\) (do...)
=> MinA = 2018 \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-1\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+2\left(x-y\right)+1+x^2+6x+9+1978\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2+2\left(x-y\right)+1+\left(x+3\right)^2+1978\)
\(=\left(x-y+1\right)^2+\left(x+3\right)^2+1978\ge1978\)
\(A_{min}=1978\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(A=4x^2-12x+100=\left(2x\right)^2-12x+3^2+91=\left(2x-3\right)^2+91\)
Ta có: \(\left(2x-3\right)^2\ge0\forall x\inℤ\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2x-3\right)^2+91\ge91\)
hay A \(\ge91\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left(2x-3\right)^2=0\)
<=> 2x-3=0
<=> 2x=3
<=> \(x=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy Min A=91 đạt được khi \(x=\frac{3}{2}\)
b) \(B=-x^2-x+1=-\left(x^2+x-1\right)=-\left(x^2+x+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{5}{4}\right)=-\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\)
Ta có: \(-\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\le0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\le\frac{5}{4}\) hay B\(\le\frac{5}{4}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow-\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\frac{1}{2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-1}{2}\)
Vậy Max B=\(\frac{5}{4}\)đạt được khi \(x=\frac{-1}{2}\)
\(C=2x^2+2xy+y^2-2x+2y+2\)
\(C=x^2+2x\left(y-1\right)+\left(y-1\right)^2+x^2+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow C=\left(x+y-1\right)^2+x^2+1\)
Ta có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\inℤ\\x^2\ge0\forall x\inℤ\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)^2+x^2+1\ge1\)
hay C\(\ge\)1
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+y-1\right)^2=0\\x^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=1\\x=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}y=1\\x=0\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy Min C=1 đạt được khi y=1 và x=0
\(A=2x^2+y^2+2xy-6x-2y+10\)
<=>\(A=y^2+2y\left(x-1\right)+2x^2-6x+10\)
<=>\(A=y^2+2y\left(x-1\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+5\)
<=>\(A=y^2+2y\left(x-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2+5\)
<=>\(A=\left(y+x-1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2+5\ge5\)
=> A đạt giá trị nhỏ nhất là 5 khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(y+x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(x-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}y+x-1=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)
\(M=2x^2+5y^2-2xy+2y+2x\)
\(2M=4x^2+10y^2-4xy+4y+4x\)
\(2M=\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)+9y^2+4x+4y\)
\(2M=\left[\left(2x-y\right)^2+2\left(2x-y\right)+1\right]+\left(9y^2+6y+1\right)-2\)
\(2M=\left(2x-y+1\right)^2+\left(3y+1\right)^2-2\)
Do : \(\left(2x-y+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)
\(\left(3y+1\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
\(\Rightarrow2M\ge-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M\ge-1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :
\(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-y+1=0\\3y+1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{-2}{3}\\y=\frac{-1}{3}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy ....
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