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\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)-\left(y^2-4y+4\right)=-1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-2y\right)^2-\left(y-2\right)^2=-1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-2y-y+2\right)\left(x-2y+y-2\right)=-1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-3y+2\right)\left(x-y-2\right)=-1=\left(-1\right)\cdot1\)
\(TH_1:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3y+2=1\\x-y-2=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3y=-1\\x-y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\\ TH_2:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3y+2=-1\\x-y-2=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3y=-3\\x-y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy PT có nghiệm \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(2;1\right);\left(6;3\right)\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)-\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+1=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-2y^2\right)-\left(y-2\right)^2=-1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-2y-y+2\right)\left(x-2y+y-2\right)=-1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-3y+2\right)\left(x-y-2\right)=-1\)
Vì \(x,y\in Z\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y-2\in Z\\x-3y+2\in Z\\x-y-2,x-3y+2\inƯ\left(-1\right)=\left\{-1;1\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có bảng:
\(x-3y+2\) | \(-1\) | \(1\) |
\(x-y-2\) | \(1\) | \(-1\) |
\(x\) | 6 | 2 |
\(y\) | 3 | 1 |
a) x2+y2-4x+4y+8=0
⇔ (x-2)2+(y+2)2=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\y+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)5x2-4xy+y2=0
⇔ x2+(2x-y)2=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\2x-y=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
c)x2+2y2+z2-2xy-2y-4z+5=0
⇔ (x-y)2+(y-1)2+(z-2)2=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\y-1=0\\z-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y=1\\z=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: Ta có: \(5x^2-4xy+y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-\dfrac{4}{5}xy+y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{2}{5}y+\dfrac{4}{25}y^2+\dfrac{21}{25}y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{2}{5}y\right)^2+\dfrac{21}{25}y^2=0\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(x\left(y-7\right)+y-12=0\left(x;y\inℤ\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x\left(y-7\right)+y-7-5=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(y-7\right)=5\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right);\left(y-7\right)\in U\left(5\right)=\left\{-1;1;-5;5\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(-2;2\right);\left(0;12\right);\left(-6;6\right);\left(4;8\right)\right\}\)
b) xy - 6x - 4y + 13 = 0
x(y - 6) - 4y + 24 - 11 = 0
x(y - 6) - 4(y - 6) = 11
(y - 6)(x - 4) = 11
TH1: x - 4 = 1 và y - 6 = 11
*) x - 4 = 1
x = 5
*) y - 6 = 11
y = 17
TH2: x - 4 = -1 và y - 6 = -11
*) x - 4 = -1
x = 3
*) y - 6 = -11
y = -5
TH3: x - 4 = 11 và y - 6 = 1
*) x - 4 = 11
x = 15
*) y - 6 = 1
y = 7
TH4: x - 4 = -11 và y - 6 = -1
*) x - 4 = -11
x = -7
*) y - 6 = -1
y = 5
Vậy ta có các cặp giá trị (x; y) sau:
(-7; 5); (15; 7); (3; -5); (5; 17)
\(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-3y-2z+4=0\)không có thừ số x à.
(\(\left(x-\frac{y}{2}\right)^2+3\left(\frac{y}{2}-1\right)^2+\left(z-1\right)^2=0\)
y=2
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3y=0\\y+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3y\\y=-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-12\\y=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy.....