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Bill Prince-Smith was a farmer and a teacher and a dentist before he became a writer of children's books at age of 60. Now, thirteen years later, he has written more than 80 books. Every day, he goes into his office and writes. In the evening, he gives the work to his wife to read. "She tells me when she doesn't like something,"says Bill. "My ten grandchildren don't live near here but they also read my stories and say if they are good or bad". And so Bill has learned what young children want to read.
Bill writes about the life in his village and on the farms near it. His fifth book is his favourite: The Sheepdog is about a farmer and the dog that helps him. "I have always liked animals" says Bill, "and dogs are so clever, they learn very quickly."
Last year, the book was made into a film with real animals and actors. The film-makers used the latest computer technology to make people think that the animals are speaking. Bill was very pleased with the film. "Sometimes film- makers change books, but they didn't change mine and I love the film.
Questions: Bill prefers writing about animals to writing about people.
A . Right . B. Wrong C. Doesn't say
Ex 1 . Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets
1. Sydney Opera House in Australia (finish) was finished in 1973
. 2. The Great Wall in China (build) was built many centuries ago.
3. One-Pillar Pagoda in Hanoi (complete) was completed in 1049.
4. Eating fruit and vegetables every day (be) is very healthy.
5. Have You (ride) ridden into town on your new bike yet ?
6. Do Your friends (sing) sing for the elderly people every Sunday ?
7. Mr. and Mrs Phuong (offer) have offered free meals for the poor in Hanoi so far.
8. Did You (provide) provide evening classes for sixty children last summer ?
Ex 2 . Read the passage , and then answer the questions.
My favourite actors
I li.ke a lot of different actors, but my real favourites are Daniel Craig and Halle Berry. Daniel Craig is British and he’sa really talented actor. He’s been in a lot of different kinds of films including action adventure, science fiction, and roman drama,but he always gives an excellent performance. He was brilliant in Tomb Raider as Alex West , but my favourite film is Casino Royale.I think Danial Craig is a fantas James Bond. Halle Berry is American. She was a model , but then decided to become an actress.. I her because she is beautiful. She’s a good actress and I think she has a great sense of humour. I’m not keen on some of her films, such as Catwoman , but her other films are excellent.My favourite is X-Men which is a science fiction film. She plays the main character Storm, who has the ability to change the weather. Daniel Craig and Halle Berry are both entertaining and talented actors. I love watching their films. Nick, London,UK
1. What are Nick’s favourite actors?
=) Nick's favourite actors are are Daniel Craig and Halle Berry.
2. Where does Danial Craig come from ?
=) Danial Craig comes from England
3. What kinds of films has he played?
=) He’s been in a lot of different kinds of films including action adventure, science fiction, and roman drama
4. What is his role in Tom Raider ?
=) his role in Tom Raider is Alex West
5. Where does Halle Berry come from ?
=) He comes from America
6. What was her job before she became an actress ?
=) She was a model before she became an actress
Ex 3 : Make up sentences using the words and phrases given:
1. We/used/school/on/foot.
=) We used to go to school on foot
2 . about/30km/mytown/HaLongBay/.
=) It's about 30km from my town to HLB
3. My family/ used/go/holiday/seaside/summer/.
=) My family used to go on holiday to the seaside in the summer
4. How/long/it/take/you/HaNoi/SaPa/?
=) How long does it take you from Ha Noi to Sa Pa
Learning English
Every year students in many countries learn English. Some of these students are young children. Others are teenagers. Many are adults. Some learn at school. Others study by themselves. A few learn English just by hearing the language in films, on television, in the office or among their friends. But not many are lucky enough to do that. Most people must work hard on their lessons to learn another language.
Many boys and girls learn English at school because it is one of their subjects. They study their own language, mathematics and English. In England, America or Australia, many boys and girls study their own language, which is English and another language, perhaps French, German or Spanish.
Many adults learn English because it is useful for their work. Teenagers often learn English for their higher studies because some of their books are in English at the college or university. Other people learn English because they want to read newspapers or magazines in English.
1.According to the writer:
A.English is useful only to adults
B.only teenagers learn English
C.no children like learning English
D.English is learnt by many generations
2.Most people learn English by __________.
A.watching videos only
B.talking with the film stars
C.hearing the language in the office
D.working hard on their lessons
3.Many boys and girls learn English because __________.
A.English can give them a job
B.they have to study their own language
C.it is included in their study courses
D.their parents make them do it
4.In America and Australia, many school children study __________.
A.their own language and no foreign language
B.such foreign languages as French, German or Spanish
C.English and mathematics only
D.English as a foreign language
5.Many adults learn English because __________.
A.they want to go abroad
B.it is useful for their work
C.most of their books are in English
D.they want to read newspapers in English
1.According to the writer:
A.English is useful only to adults
B.only teenagers learn English
C.no children like learning English
D.English is learnt by many generations
2.Most people learn English by __________.
A.watching videos only
B.talking with the film stars
C.hearing the language in the office
D.working hard on their lessons
3.Many boys and girls learn English because __________.
A.English can give them a job
B.they have to study their own language
C.it is included in their study courses
D.their parents make them do it
4.In America and Australia, many school children study __________.
A.their own language and no foreign language
B.such foreign languages as French, German or Spanish
C.English and mathematics only
D.English as a foreign language
5.Many adults learn English because __________.
A.they want to go abroad
B.it is useful for their work
C.most of their books are in English
D.they want to read newspapers in English
Do you think the Maori system is a good idea? Why?/ Why not?
=> Yes , I do. Because it helps young people to change their behaviour, it tries to bring something positive from a negative situation, and most of the time it succeeds.
Đúng ra phải có từ 50 -> 70 từ cơ.
Mình làm được 1 bài rồi nhưng muốn tham khảo thêm bài các bạn.
I think the Maori system is a good idea because it can educate young people without violence. That way won't give any bad memory to the youth. The youth will learn how to say sorry to other people. But some young wouldn't understand. They still think their actions are correct. Or because they don't afraid of saying sorry. They still do it after they have apologised. So I think Maori people should have a stricter system.
Một số lý thuyết về mục đích của những giấc mơ
Freud tin rằng chúng ta mơ ước để chúng ta có thể giải toả những ham muốn sâu, bí mật mà chúng ta không được phép diễn đạt trong cuộc sống thực bởi vì các quy tắc của xã hội lịch sự. Hầu hết mọi người đều biết về phân tích giấc mơ của Freud - giấc mơ về một con tàu đi vào đường hầm là một giấc mơ về quan hệ tình dục. Nhưng liệu đó có phải chỉ là một giấc mơ khi du hành trên tàu?
Một lý thuyết khác là những giấc mơ cho phép chúng ta giải quyết những vấn đề mà chúng ta không thể giải quyết trong cuộc sống thực. Chúng tôi đi ngủ với một vấn đề và thức dậy với câu trả lời. Đây có thể là một cách để "sử dụng" ước mơ của chúng ta hơn là một mục đích "của mơ ước. Nếu bạn tin rằng giấc mơ của bạn là quan trọng thì việc phân tích chúng có thể giúp bạn tập trung suy nghĩ về vấn đề và giúp bạn tìm ra giải pháp.
Hình ảnh hiện đại là giấc mơ là cách để làm sạch ổ cứng của máy tính, tổ chức các sự kiện trong ngày vào các thư mục và xóa các rác mà nó không muốn giữ. Nhưng tất cả chúng ta đều biết rằng rất ít những gì chúng tôi mơ ước mỗi tối liên quan đến những gì đã xảy ra với chúng tôi ngày hôm đó.
Một ý tưởng khác là giấc mơ là cách hành xử của não đối với hành vi mà chúng ta cần phải tồn tại. Vì vậy, chúng tôi mơ ước được bị đuổi bởi một con quái vật bởi vì một ngày nào đó có thể xảy ra! Nó giống như một nghệ sĩ piano thực hành quy mô của cô ấy mỗi ngày mặc dù cô ấy không cần sử dụng chúng vào lúc đó.
Những người khác tin rằng giấc mơ là cách não thực hiện các con đường giữa các tế bào não. Đây có thể là một yếu tố quan trọng tại sao chúng ta ngủ nhiều hơn là tại sao chúng ta mơ ước. Chúng ta chết nếu chúng ta không ngủ nhưng chúng ta có thể sống mà không mơ mộng. Một số bệnh nhân bị thương não mất khả năng mơ ước nhưng dường như không bị ảnh hưởng xấu.
REM và mơ ước
Các nhà khoa học từng nghĩ rằng giấc mơ chỉ xảy ra trong giấc ngủ Mắt nhanh (REM). Giấc ngủ REM là điều cần thiết cho tất cả các động vật có vú. Tất cả chúng ta trở nên cáu kỉnh và chán nản nếu không có nó. Nếu chúng ta không có đủ giấc ngủ đêm REM, chúng tôi sẽ đền bù bằng cách có thêm thời gian tiếp theo. REM được tạo ra bởi bộ não - phần lâu đời nhất và nguyên thủy nhất của bộ não. Vì vậy, các nhà khoa học từng tin rằng giấc mơ cũng là do hoạt động trong não. Bây giờ chúng ta biết rằng giấc mơ có thể xảy ra bất cứ lúc nào trong suốt giấc ngủ. Sự khác biệt duy nhất có thể là dễ nhớ hơn những giấc mơ xảy ra trong REM.
Trẻ sơ sinh có nhiều hoạt động REM hơn người lớn, nhưng nghiên cứu cho thấy họ mơ ước ít hơn. Điều này cũng có thể đúng với động vật. Chúng tôi biết rằng họ có hoạt động REM nhưng điều đó không có nghĩa là họ mơ ước.
Nó cũng có vẻ như là mơ ước là một kỹ năng phát triển khi bạn lớn lên, chẳng hạn như ngôn ngữ ví dụ. Ước mơ của trẻ nhỏ rất khác so với giấc mơ của những đứa trẻ lớn tuổi hơn và người lớn.
Nghiên cứu mới
Công nghệ hiện đại đã cho phép các nhà khoa học lập bản đồ các bộ phận của não hoạt động khi chúng ta mơ ước. Giun sơ khai rất năng động, nhưng cũng là những khu vực quan trọng khác ở phía trước của não. Đây là những thùy trán điều khiển cảm xúc, trí nhớ và kinh nghiệm đi qua các giác quan như nghe và nhìn. Nếu những khu vực này bị thương, người đó ngừng mơ. Mặt khác, các lĩnh vực kiểm soát suy nghĩ hợp lý, hợp lý không hoạt động chút nào. Điều này có thể giải thích tại sao những giấc mơ thật kỳ lạ. Họ không có trình tự hoặc thời gian hợp lý, điều này khiến họ rất khó giải thích cho người khác khi chúng tôi thức dậy. Giấc mơ kết hợp các sự kiện gần đây với những sự kiện trong quá khứ và cảm xúc của chúng ta trong khi chúng ta đang mơ ước thường rất mạnh.
Các nhà tâm lý học cũng đã thực hiện các nghiên cứu về những người giữ nhật ký trong một thời gian dài (đến 50 năm trong một số trường hợp) và nhận thấy rằng những gì chúng ta mơ ước có liên quan rất nhiều đến cách chúng ta suy nghĩ và hành xử khi chúng ta tỉnh táo. Vì vậy, một người hướng ngoại, mạo hiểm sẽ có những giấc mơ hướng ngoại, mạo hiểm. Một người nhút nhát sẽ là một người nhút nhát trong những giấc mơ của mình. Những người quan trọng đối với chúng ta thường có trong giấc mơ của chúng ta và những điều đó sẽ làm chúng ta lo lắng hoặc làm cho chúng ta hạnh phúc.
Vậy kết luận là gì?
Vâng, không ai thực sự biết. Nhưng các nhà khoa học hiện đang cho thấy những giấc mơ hoàn toàn không có mục đích. Khi chúng ta tỉnh dậy chúng ta đang 'suy nghĩ' mọi lúc. Một số suy nghĩ này là hữu ích và có một mục đích. Nhưng chúng ta thường chỉ "nghĩ" về không có gì đặc biệt trong khi chúng ta chờ xe buýt hoặc đi bộ để làm việc. Và đó là những gì mà bộ não đang làm khi chúng ta đang ngủ - chỉ cần suy nghĩ. Đôi khi nó thú vị và đôi khi nó là nhàm chán.
Làm nghiên cứu cho bài viết này đã làm tôi quan tâm nhiều hơn đến ước mơ của tôi chứ không phải là ít hơn. Tôi thậm chí có thể bắt đầu một nhật ký trong giấc mơ! Nhưng không có gì tôi đã đọc giải thích tại sao đôi khi tôi có một giấc mơ xấu hổ vì thấy mình đang đứng khỏa thân hoàn toàn tại bến xe buýt. May mắn thay, điều này đã không bao giờ xảy ra với tôi trong cuộc sống thực, và nó không phải là điều mà tôi nghĩ về khi tôi thức. Tôi được nói rằng đó là một ví dụ về 'giấc mơ phổ quát' - một giấc mơ phổ biến cho mọi người trên thế giới. Giấc mơ bay là một ví dụ khác. Vậy giải thích là gì? Chúng ta không thể chỉ "suy nghĩ" về cùng một điều, phải không?
Some theories of the purpose of dreams
Freud believed that we dream so that we can release the deep, secret desires that we are not allowed to express in real life because of the rules of polite society. Most people know about Freudian dream analysis – a dream about a train going into a tunnel is a dream about sexual intercourse. But couldn’t it just be a dream about travelling on a train?
Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can’t solve in real life. We go to sleep with a problem and wake up with the answer. This may be more of a way to ‘use’ our dreams than a ‘purpose’ of dreaming. If you believe that your dreams are important then analysing them may help you to focus your mind on the problem and help you to find the solution.
The modern image is that dreams are the brain’s way of cleaning up the computer’s hard disk, organizing the events of the day into folders and deleting the rubbish that it doesn’t want to keep. But we all know that very little of what we dream every night is concerned with what happened to us that day.
Another idea is that dreams are the brain’s way of practising the behaviour that we need to survive. So we dream about being chased by a monster because one day it might happen! It’s a bit a pianist practising her scales every day even though she doesn’t need to use them at that moment.
Others believe that dreaming is the brain’s way of exercising the pathways between the brain cells. This may be an important element in why we sleep rather than why we dream. We die if we don’t sleep but we can live without dreaming. Some patients with brain injuries lose the ability to dream but don’t seem to suffer any ill-effects.
REM and dreaming
Scientists used to think that dreaming only happened during Rapid Eye Movement sleep (REM). REM sleep is essential for all mammals. We all become irritable and depressed without it. If we don’t have enough REM one night, we will compensate by having more the next. REM is generated by the brainstem – the oldest and most primitive part of the brain. So scientists used to believe that dreaming was also caused by activity in the brainstem. We now know that dreaming can happen at any time during sleep. The only difference seems to be that it’s easier to remember dreams that happen during REM.
Babies have a lot more REM activity than adults, but research shows that they dream less. The same may be true of animals. We know that they have REM activity but that doesn’t mean they dream.
It also seems that dreaming is a skill that develops as you get older, language for example. Young children’s dreams are very different from older children’s or adult’s dreams.
New research
Modern technology has allowed scientists to map the parts of the brain that are active when we dream. The primitive brainstem is very active, but so are other important areas at the front of the brain. These are the frontal lobes that control emotion, memory, and experiences that come through the senses hearing and vision. If these areas are injured, the person stops dreaming. On the other hand, the areas that control rational, logical thought are not active at all. This could explain why dreams are so strange. They have no logical sequence or time, which makes them very difficult to explain to other people when we wake up. Dreams combine recent events with long past events and our emotions while we are dreaming are often very strong.
Psychologists have also done studies on people who kept dream diaries for long periods of time (up to fifty years in some cases) and have found that what we dream is very much connected with how we think and behave when we are awake. So an extrovert, adventurous person will have extrovert, adventurous dreams. A shy person will be a shy person in her dreams. People who are important to us will often be in our dreams and so will things that worry us or make us happy.
So what’s the conclusion?
Well, nobody really knows. But scientists are now suggesting that dreams have absolutely no purpose at all. When we are awake we are ‘thinking’ all the time. Some of this thinking is useful and has a purpose. But we often just ‘think’ about nothing in parular while we’re waiting for the bus or walking to work. And that’s what the brain is doing when we are asleep - just thinking. Sometimes it’s interesting and sometimes it’s boring.
Doing the research for this arle has made me more interested in my dreams rather than less. I might even start a dream diary! But nothing that I’ve read explains why I sometimes have an embarrassing dream about finding myself standing completely naked at a bus stop. Fortunately, this has never happened to me in real life, and it isn’t something that I think about when I’m awake. I’m told that it’s an example of a ‘universal dream’ – a dream that is common to people all over the world. Dreaming about flying is another example. So what’s the explanation? We can’t all be ‘just thinking’ about the same thing, can we?
Read and choose the answers:
Bill Prince-Smith was a farmer and a teacher and a dentist before he became a writer of children's books at age of 60. Now, thirteen years later, he has written more than 80 books. Every day, he goes into his office and writes. In the evening, he gives the work to his wife to read. "She tells me when she doesn't like something,"says Bill. "My ten grandchildren don't live near here but they also read my stories and say if they are good or bad". And so Bill has learned what young children want to read.
Bill writes about the life in his village and on the farms near it. His fifth book is his favourite: The Sheepdog is about a farmer and the dog that helps him. "I have always liked animals" says Bill, "and dogs are so clever, they learn very quickly."
Last year, the book was made into a film with real animals and actors. The film-makers used the latest computer technology to make people think that the animals are speaking. Bill was very pleased with the film. "Sometimes film- makers change books, but they didn't change mine and I love the film.
Question:
Bill prefers writing about animals to writing about people.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Doesn't say
Bill prefers writing about animals to writing about people.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Doesn't say
- I did my Maths homework yesterday.
- Did Susan go to England by plane?
- They visited a farm two weeks ago.
- Jenny and Peggy did not help their brother.
- The children were not at home last weekend.
- When did you design this wonderful skirt?
- My mother did not crash into the van.
- The boys took off the mudguards of their bicycles.
- Did you phone your aunt last week?
- He did not drink milk at school.
- The police arrested two people early this morning.
- She went to Japan but now she has come back.
- Dan has already bought two tablets this year.
- How many games has your team won so far this season?
- Did you visit the CN Tower when you stayed in Toronto?
- Have you done your homework yet? – Yes, I finished it an hour ago.
- There has been an accident in High Street, so we have to use King Street to get to your school.
- I have not seen Peter since I arrived last Tuesday.
- Frank got his bike last May. So he has had it for 4 months.
- I’m sorry, I have not written earlier, but I have worked a lot lately
- Peter played football yesterday.
- They have cleaned the car. It looks new again.
- Last year we went to Italy.
- John and Peggy have just read the book. Now they can watch the film.
- I met my friend two days ago.
- We have never visited another country before.
- She bought a new car in 2011.
- I’m sorry, but I have forgotten my homework.
- Did you win the game of chess?
- The girls have not eaten their lunch yet.
- I have lost my keys, so I can’t open that door.
- Columbus arrived in the New World in 1492.
- Nina has broken her leg. She is still in hospital.
- He has lived here all his life.
- Colin left for Brazil this morning.
- Last winter Robin stayed with his father in the Alps for three days.
- Ellen has always written with her left hand.
- She did a language course in Paris last summer.
- Has anyone phoned yet?
- I have not seen Paul today, but I saw him last Sunday.
Teenage fiction (pet plus 2/ test3)(10)
Teenagers have their own TV channels, websites and magazines. So what about books? Last year one publisher, Martins, started publishing a series called Waves. We spoke to the director Julia Smith. She explained, “Teenage fiction has been published since the 1970s but publishers have never been particularly successful in getting teenagers to buy and read books. Now they’re realizing that teenagers aren’t just older children but they’re not adults either and often aren’t interested in adult fiction. For this series we’re looking for new writers who write especially for teenagers.
” Athene Gorr’s novel was published in the series last year and is selling well. Its title is The Purple Ring. She says, “The important thing is to persuade teenagers to pick up your book. I’m a new writer so, although I’ve got an unusual name which people might remember, nobody knows it yet! But my book has a fantastic cover which makes people want to look inside. Then they realize what a brilliant story it is!”
And what do teenagers themselves think about the series? We talked to Sophie Clarke, aged 15. She said, “I’ve read a few books in the Waves series. They say they’re for 14-19 year olds and I agree with that. We’re not interested in the same things as people in their twenties and thirties. I like them and I think they look really good too. The only thing is that because bookshops put them in the children’s section, lots of teenagers won’t find them so they may not do very well. And it’s a shame there’s no non-fiction in the series as I think lots of teenagers, especially boys, might buy that.”
1. What is the writer trying to do?
A persuade authors to write more teenage fiction B explain why teenage fiction is easier to write than adult fiction
C give information about a new series of books D compare different series of teenage fiction
2. Julia Smith says publishers now recognize that teenagers
A can enjoy the same kind of stories as adults. B are neither children nor adults.
C grow up more quickly nowadays. D are more interested in reading nowadays.
3. Athene Gorr thinks teenagers were attracted to her book because of
A her name. B the story. C its title. D its cover.
4. What does Sophie Clarke say about the books in the Waves series?
A They shouldn’t be kept with children’s books. B She would prefer to read adult fiction.
C They will be bought by lots of teenagers. D She isn’t keen on the design.
5. Which of these paragraphs could be used to advertise the Waves series?
A “This series is for all teenagers and those who are nearly teenagers. Whether you’re 10 or 19, you’ll find something here to please you.”
B “Choose a book from the Waves series. It includes both fiction and non-fiction and is aimed at teenagers aged 14+.”
C “If you’re aged between 14 and 19, don’t miss the Waves series which has novels by new authors.”
D “The Waves series has been popular with teenagers since the 1970s. This year we have added 20 new writers to our list.
1 C
2 B
3 D
4 A
5 C