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a) \(A=1+2+2^2+...+2^{50}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=2+2^2+...+2^{51}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2A-A=2+2^2+...+2^{51}-1-2-2^2-...-2^{50}=2^{51}-1\)
b) \(B=1+3+3^2+...+3^{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow3B=3+3^2+...+3^{101}\)
\(\Rightarrow2B=3B-B=3+3^2+...+3^{101}-1-3-3^2-...-3^{100}=3^{101}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\dfrac{3^{101}-1}{2}\)
c) \(C=5+5^2+...+5^{30}\)
\(\Rightarrow5C=5^2+5^3+...+5^{31}\)
\(\Rightarrow4C=5C-C=5^2+5^3+...+5^{31}-5-5^2-...-5^{30}=5^{31}-5\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\dfrac{5^{31}-5}{4}\)
d) \(D=2^{100}-2^{99}+2^{98}-...+2^2-2\)
\(\Rightarrow2D=2^{101}-2^{100}+2^{99}-...+2^3-2^2\)
\(\Rightarrow3D=2D+D=2^{101}-2^{100}+2^{99}-...+2^3-2^2+2^{100}-2^{99}+...+2^2-2=2^{101}-2\)
\(\Rightarrow D=\dfrac{2^{101}-2}{3}\)
\(A=2^{100}-2^{99}+2^{98}-2^{97}+....-2^3+2^2-2+1\\ A=\left(2^{100}+2^{98}+...+2\right)-\left(2^{99}+2^{97}+...+1\right)\)
Gọi \(\left(2^{100}+2^{98}+...+2\right)\)là B
\(B=\left(2^{100}+2^{98}+...+2\right)\\ 2B=2^{102}+2^{100}+.....+2^2\\ 2B-B=\left(2^{102}+2^{100}+.....+2^2\right)-\left(2^{100}+2^{98}+...+2\right)\\ B=2^{102}-2\)
Gọi \(\left(2^{99}+2^{97}+...+1\right)\) là C
\(C=\left(2^{99}+2^{97}+...+1\right)\\ 2C=2^{101}+2^{99}+....+2\\ 2C-C=\left(2^{101}+2^{99}+9^{97}+...+2\right)-\left(2^{99}+9^{97}+...+1\right)\\ C=2^{101}-1\)
\(A=B+C\\ =>A=2^{102}-2+2^{101}-1\\ A=2^{101}\left(2+1\right)-3\\ A=2^{101}\cdot3-3\\ A=3\cdot\left(2^{101}-1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2}A=2^{99}-2^{98}+...-1+\dfrac{1}{2}\\ \Rightarrow A-\dfrac{1}{2}A=2^{100}-\dfrac{1}{2}\\ \Rightarrow A=2^{101}-1\)
\(2^{100}-2^{99}+2^{98}-2^{97}+2^{96}-2^{95}+...+2^4-2^3+2^2\)
\(=\left(2^{100}-2^{99}+2^{98}\right)-\left(2^{97}-2^{96}+2^{95}\right)+...+\left(2^4-2^3+2^2\right)\)
\(=2^{96}\left(2^4-2^3+2^2\right)-2^{93}\left(2^4-2^3+2^2\right)+...+\left(2^4-2^3+2^2\right)\)
\(=12\left(2^{96}-2^{93}+...+1\right)⋮12\)
A = 8⁸ + 2²⁰
= (2³)⁸ + 2²⁰
= 2²⁴ + 2²⁰
= 2²⁰.(2⁴ + 1)
= 2²⁰.17 ⋮ 17
Vậy A ⋮ 17
\(A=2^{100}-\left(2^{99}+2^{98}+...+2+1\right)\)
Đặt \(B=2^{99}+2^{98}+...+2+1\)
\(\Rightarrow2B=2^{100}+2^{99}+...+2^2+2\)
\(\Rightarrow2B-B=2^{100}-1\Leftrightarrow B=2^{100}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2^{100}-\left(2^{100}-1\right)=1\)
Bài 1:
a. $2^{29}< 5^{29}< 5^{39}$
$\Rightarrow A< B$
b.
$B=(3^1+3^2)+(3^3+3^4)+(3^5+3^6)+...+(3^{2009}+3^{2010})$
$=3(1+3)+3^3(1+3)+3^5(1+3)+...+3^{2009}(1+3)$
$=(1+3)(3+3^3+3^5+...+3^{2009})$
$=4(3+3^3+3^5+...+3^{2009})\vdots 4$
Mặt khác:
$B=(3+3^2+3^3)+(3^4+3^5+3^6)+....+(3^{2008}+3^{2009}+3^{2010})$
$=3(1+3+3^2)+3^4(1+3+3^2)+...+3^{2008}(1+3+3^2)$
$=(1+3+3^2)(3+3^4+....+3^{2008})=13(3+3^4+...+3^{2008})\vdots 13$
Bài 1:
c.
$A=1-3+3^2-3^3+3^4-...+3^{98}-3^{99}+3^{100}$
$3A=3-3^2+3^3-3^4+3^5-...+3^{99}-3^{100}+3^{101}$
$\Rightarrow A+3A=3^{101}+1$
$\Rightarrow 4A=3^{101}+1$
$\Rightarrow A=\frac{3^{101}+1}{4}$
b) 32, 33, 34 , 35.
\(a,2^2=4,2^3=8,2^4=16,2^5=32,2^6=64,2^7=128,2^8=256,2^9=512,2^{10}=1024\)
\(b,3^2=9,3^3=27,3^4=81,3^5=243\)
\(c,4^2=16,4^3=64,4^4=256\)
\(d,5^2=25,5^3=125,5^4=625\)