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WRITE A SENTENCE WITH IF FOR EACH SITUATION
1. he is poor, so he can't make an abroad tour
-> were he not poor, he could make an abroad tour
2. we came home from ourr holiday early because we ran out of money
-> had we not run out of money,we wouldn't have come home from ourr holiday early
3. i can't enter the room now because i left the key at home
-> if I hadn't left the key at home,I would have entered the room now
4/ the men is wearing protective clothing, so they are safe
-> the men wouldn't be safe if they weren't wearing protective clothing
5. be patient or you will destroy everything
-> if you aren't patient, you will destroy everything
6. they used to drink beer for breakfast in england years ago
-> beer used to be drunk for breakfast in england years ago
#cont
REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES
1. i think you shouldn't take part in this dancing club
-> if i were you,I wouldn't take part in this dancing club
2. i advise you to listen to the teacher during the lesson
-> if i were you,I would listen to the teacher during the lesson
3. leave me alone or i will call the police
-> if you leave me alone , i will call the police
4. finish your paper or you can't go home
-> if you don't finish your paper , you can't go home
5. they made the little boy climb the chimneys to clean them
-> the little boy was made to climb the chimneys to clean them
6. they say exercise is good for health
-> exercise is said to be good for health
7. you need to have your hair cut
-> your hair needs cutting
8. andrew wanted to ask Frank Sinatra for his autograph, but he wasn't brave enough
-> had andrew been brave enough,he would have asked Frank Sinatra for his autograph.
9. i don't know anything about plumbing so i can't fix the leak in the sink myself
-> were I to know anything about plumbing ,I could fix the leak in the sink myself
10. you need to have your housse rebuilt
-> your house needs rebuilting
11. my parents have just given one of my most favorite toy to me
-> one of my most favorite toys has just been given to me by parents
12. it is said that on of the workers quits the job
-> one of the workers is said to quit the job
13. the students need to do homework every day
-> the homework needs doing be the students everyday
14. my father made me get to school by bike
-> i was made to get to school by bike
15. the kind boss has allowed the unemployed to work in his company
-> the unemployed have been allowed to work in the kind boss's company
16. he doesn't like people laughing at him
-> he doesn't like being laughed at
17. mrs. lan has taken care of the old in my neighborhood recently
-> the old in my neighborhood has been taken care by mrs lan recently
18. no one in my family has eaten a snail before
-> a snail has never been eaten before in my family
19. nobody in the party has tasted my dishes
-> my dishes has never been tasted in the party
20. bring the raincoat with you or you will get wet on the way back
-> should you bring the raincoat with you or you will get wet on the way back
21. there is a grammar error in this English essay, that's why it can't get a full mark
-> if there weren't a grammar error in this English essay, it could get a full mark
22. because i don't have a typewriter, i can't type it myself
-> i could type it if I had a typewriter
23. he was tired so he made a mistake
-> if he weren't tired ,he wouldn't have made a mistake
24. he has just brought some cups of tea to the visitors in the next room
-> some cups of tea have just been bought for the visitors in the next room
25. she can't be employed because she doesn't have college degree
-> if she had college degree,she could be employed
26. there are industrial factories inside the city, that's why pollution can't be reduced
-> pollution could be reduced if there weren't industrial factories inside the city
27. it rained heavily so they didn't go camping last sunday
-> had it not rained heavily ,they would have gone camping last sunday
28. although the weather was bad, i still got to schoold
-> in spite of the bad weather,i still got to schoold
29. he still went to work although he felt too tired
-> despite being tired,he still went to work
30. because it rained , we decided to stay home and watch tv
-> because of raining, we decided to stay home and watch tv
WRITE A SENTENCE WITH IF FOR EACH SITUATION
1. he is poor, so he can't make an abroad tour
-> were he to be rich, he could make an abroad tour
2. we came home from ourr holiday early because we ran out of money
-> had we not run out of money, we would not have come home from our holiday early
3. i can't enter the room now because i left the key at home
-> if I hadn't left the key at home, I could enter the room now
4/ the men is wearing protective clothing, so they are safe
-> the men would be safe with protective clothing
5. be patient or you will destroy everything
-> if you aren't patient, you will destroy everything
6. they used to drink beer for breakfast in england years ago
-> beer used to be drunk for breakfast in england years ago
REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES
1. i think you shouldn't take part in this dancing club
-> if i were you, i wouldn't take part in this dancing club
2. i advise you to listen to the teacher during the lesson
-> if i were you, i would listen to the teacher during the lesson
3. leave me alone or i will call the police
-> if you don't leave me alone, i will call the police
4. finish your paper or you can't go home
-> if you don't finish your paper, you can't go home
5. they made the little boy climb the chimneys to clean them
-> the little boy was made to climb the chimneys to clean them
6. they say exercise is good for health
-> exercise is said to be good for health
7. you need to have your hair cut
-> your hair needs cutting
8. andrew wanted to ask Frank Sinatra for his autograph, but he wasn't brave enough
-> had Andrew been brave enough, he would have asked Frank Sinatra for his autograph
9. i don't know anything about plumbing so i can't fix the leak in the sink myself
-> were i to know something about plumbing, i could fix the leak in the sink myself
10. you need to have your housse rebuilt
-> your house needs to be rebuilt
11. my parents have just given one of my most favorite toy to me
-> one of my most favorite toys has just been given to me by my parents
12. it is said that on of the workers quits the job
-> one of the workers is said to quit the job
13. the students need to do homework every day
-> the homework needs to be done by the students every day
14. my father made me get to school by bike
-> i was made to get to school by bike by my father
15. the kind boss has allowed the unemployed to work in his company
-> the unemployed have been allowed to work in his company by the kind boss
16. he doesn't like people laughing at him
-> he doesn't like being laughed at
17. mrs. lan has taken care of the old in my neighborhood recently
-> the old in my neighborhood has been taken care of by mrs lan recently
18. no one in my family has eaten a snail before
-> a snail has never been eaten by a member in my family before
19. nobody in the party has tasted my dishes
-> my dishes have never tasted in the party
20. bring the raincoat with you or you will get wet on the way back
-> should you to bring the raincoat with you, you won't get wet on the way back
21. there is a grammar error in this English essay, that's why it can't get a full mark
-> if there weren't a grammar error in this english essay, it could get a full mark
22. because i don't have a typewriter, i can't type it myself
-> i could type myself if i had a typewriter
23. he was tired so he made a mistake
-> if he hadn't been tired, he wouldn't have made a mistake
24. he has just brought some cups of tea to the visitors in the next room
-> some cups of tea has just been bought to the visitors in the next room
25. she can't be employed because she doesn't have college degree
-> if she had a college degree, she could be employed
26. there are industrial factories inside the city, that's why pollution can't be reduced
-> pollution could be reduced if there weren't industrial factories inside the city
27. it rained heavily so they didn't go camping last sunday
-> had it not rained heavily, they could have gone camping last sunday
28. although the weather was bad, i still got to schoold
-> in spite of the bad weather, i still got to school
29. he still went to work although he felt too tired
-> despite feeling too tired, he still went to work
30. because it rained , we decided to stay home and watch tv
-> because of raining weather, we decided to stay home and watch tv
I complete each of the sentences in such a way that it has the same meaning as the first one
1 it would be a good idea if you did it again
->you had better do it again
2 they advised repainting the house
->they advised me to repaint the house
3 I can't afford to go on holiday this year
->I haven't got enough money to go on holiday this year
5 Fred tried hard to start the car, but without success
->no matter how hard Fred tried, he couldn't start the car.
II use the words given to make complete sentences
1 I/like/find/more/film/before/I/see/it
-> I like to find more films before i see it
2 He/apologise/be/late/and/disappoint/her
-> He apologizes for being late and being disappointed her
3 I/expect/help/by him
-> I expect to be helped by him
4 It/be his first visit/USA/next year
-> It will be his first visit the USA next year
III finish the second sentence so that it means exactly the same as the first one
1 Philip's inability to make decisions dates from his accident
-> Ever since his accident, Phillip has been unable to make decisions
2 you could be arrested for not giving a breath sample to the police
->refusal to give a breath sample to the police could lead to your arrest.
3 we were very impressed by the new cinema but found it rather expensive
->Impressed as we were by the new cinema, we found it rather expensive.
4 mr wilson says he's sorry he didn't attend the meeting yesterday morning
->mr wilson sends her apologies for not having attended the meeting yesterday.
6 all the witnesses said that the accident was my fault
->all the witnesses said that I was to blame for the accident.
7 I'd prefer you not to phone me at work
->I'd rather you didn't phone me at work
8 the interview panel thought that Sarah had a very good manner
->Sarah made a good behavior to the interview panel.
10 he didn't forget and neither did she
->he remembered and so did she
12he wrote that book during his holiday in Wales
->it was while he was on holiday that he wrote that book.
13 italy is the country I'd like to visit most
->I'd like to visit Italy which is the country I like most
14 if Mary had worked hard enough, she wouldn't have failed her exams
->Mary didn't work hard enough, she failed in her exams
15 My father said if I had to go out, I should finish my homework first
->my father said to me if I had to go out, I should finish homework my first
16 although we were very tired, we agreed to have a game of tennis
->tired as we were, he agreed to have a game of tennis
17 the robbers made the customers lie on the floor
->the customers were made to lie on the floor
18 the computer she bought was very cheap
-> she had to pay a little money for the computer
#baoquyen
3/ Have you told her about the present ( Passive )
--> Has she been told about the present ?
4/ Tom is answering this question at the momments ( Passive )
--> This question is being answered by Tom at the moment.
1/ Ann didn't pass the antrance examination, so she wasn't admitted to the university.
--> If An wass pass the antrance examination, she wouldn't admitted to the university.
--> Unless passed the antrance examination, so she wasn't admitted to the university.
2/ I am not at home now, so I can't answer your phone.
--> If I am not at home now, I Will answer your phone.
--> Unless I am at home now , I canswer your phone.
3/ Have you told her about the present ( Passive )
-->.....
4/ Tom is answering this question at the momments ( Passive )
-->.......
5/ I fell asleep because the film was so boring.
--> If the film was so boring, I would fell asleep
--> Unless the film was so boring, I wouldn'd fell asleep
6/ Because he cut these young trees. He was punished.
--> If he cutted these young trees, He would punished.
--> Unless he cutted these young trees, He wouldn't punished.
7/ If she doesn't work harder, she will lose the job.
--> If she works harder, she won't lose the job.
--> Unless she works harder, she will lose the job.
8/My boyfriend didn't give me the address, so I couldn't meet him.
--> If My boyfriend wass give me the address, I couldn't meet him.
--> Unless My boyfriend gave me the address, I couldn't meet him.
9/ We couldn't visit the museum because we didn't have enough time.
--> If we didn't have enough time, We couldn't visit the museum
--> Unless we had enough time, We couldn't visit the museum
10/ She does a lot of household chores so she fells very tired.
--> If She does a lot of household chores s, she will fell very tired.
--> Unless She doesn't do a lot of household chores , she will fells very tired.
11/ It is rainning now, so I will not go for a walk.
--> If It is rainning now, I will not go for a walk.
--> Unless It is rainning now, I won't not go for a walk.
12/ The building is too high. He can't climp up
--> If The building was too high, He coldn't climp up
--> Unless The building Was too high, He could climp up
13/ I couldn't make a film because I wasn't a good director
--> If I wasn't a good director, I couldn't make a film
--> Unless I was a good director, I couldn't make a film
14/ He didn't work hard last term, he lost his job.
--> If He wasn't work hard last term, he could lost his job.
---> Unless He was work hard last term, he could lost his job.
1. Because they drive carelessly, they get some problems
-> If_______they didn't drive carelessly, they wouldn't get some problems____________
2. Keep quiet or I'll scream.
-> If _________you don't keep quiet, I'll scream___________
3. We don't have enough money, so we don't buy those new comics
-> If __________we had enough money, we would buy those new comics___________
4. Stop talking or you won't understand the lesson
-> If ___________you odn't stop talking, you won't understand the lesson___________
5. She is not free today, that's why she can't go to the movie with her friend
-> If__________she were free today, she could go to the movie with her friend______________
6. Water these plants or they will die.
-> If____________you don't water these plants, they'll die______________
7. He is so lazy, so he fails in the final exam
-> If ______________he weren't so lazy, he wouldn't fail in the final exam_____________
8. Because the weather is not fine, the children don't play out door
-> If ________________the weather were fine, the children would play out door______________
9. Go right now or you'll be late for the train
-> If ____________you don't go right now, you'll be late for the train_________________
10. She doesn't play tennis because she is very old
-> If____________she weren't very old, she would play tennis_____________
REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES USING IF-> UNLESS
TYPE1
1. If he doesn't hurry, he will be late for school
-> unless he hurry, he will be late for school
2. unless it stops raining, we won't go out
-> if it doesn't stop raining, we won't go out
3. you will get success if you are patient
- unless you aren't patient,you will get success
4. those flowers will die if nobody waters them
- unless nobody doesn't water them,those flowers will die
5. no one can help him if he doesn't tell the truth
- unless he tell the truth,no one can help him
6. you will catch a cold unless you keep your feet dry
- if you don't keep your feet dry,you won't catch a cold
7. if i don't catch the plane, i will not be home by five
- unless i catch the plane, i will not be home by five
8. if you don't apologize, i will never speak to you again
-unless you apologize, i will never speak to you again
9. unless he gives me his number, i won't phone him
- if he doesn't give me his number, i won't phone him
10. he cannot do that exercise if he doesn't learn his lessons carefully
-unless he learn his lessons carefully,he can do that exercise
TYPE 2
1. unless the studied harder, he would fail the final exam
- if the didn't study harder, he would fail the final exam
2. unless the drank alcohol, he would pass the contest
- if the didn't drink alcohol, he would pass the contest
3. unless he phoned immediately, he wouldn't meet Mary
-if he didn't phone immediately, he wouldn't meet Mary
4/ if we didn't have a calculator, we couldn't work his more quickly
-unless we didn't have a calculator, we couldn't work his more quickly
5. if i weren't weak, i could walk
- unless i were weak, i could walk
6. if you weren't slow now, you could uiwn the race
- unless you were slow now, you could uiwn the race
7. if you didn't speak very quickly, the students could hear you well
- unless you spoke very quickly, the students could hear you well
8. if tom didn't invite me, i wouldn't go to the party
- unless tom invited me, i wouldn't go to the party
9. if they didn;t know his number now, they wouldn't give it to me
- unless they knew his number now, they wouldn't give it to me
10. unless he were careful, he would have serious accident
- if he weren't careful, he would have serious accident
TEST 1
I/ CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER
1/ the last time I ..... in Athens, the weather was hot and humid
a. had been b. was c. am d. will have been
2. since i left my hometown, i .... to visit my friends and family several times
a. had returned b. have returned c. returned d. will have returned
1. haft the world's rain forests have already been ....
a/ endangered b. eroded c. found d. destroyed
2/ try to eliminate fatty foods from your diet
a. limit b. get rid of c. move d. add
3. acid rain has caused severe... on the hillside
a. erosion b. pollution c. destruction d. floods
5. this channel allows rainwater to run off
a. keep inside b. move around c. flow into d. flow out of
6. scientists are nơ researching new meansures to prevent... levels from rising
a/ pollute b. polluted c. polluting d. pollution
7. this park is the orphanage where lots of orphaned and abandoned animals are taken care of
a. looked after b. involved in c. dealt with d. moved in
8. new laws have been passed to ... wildlife in this area
a. establish b. conserve c. produce d. endanger
9. they were seeking a solution to the ... of the rain forests
a. destroy b. destroying c. destroyer d. destruction
10........ ken didn't have a ticket he was allowed to come in
a. although b.because of c. because d. in spite of
11. most most species in this forest are threatended with .....
a. appearance b. protection c. extinction d. destruction
12. we really ought to make a start on campaigns to ... our polluted rivers and seas
a. clean up b. clear away c. wipe out d. tidy up
15. the turtle has a long life.....
a. age b. span c. expectancy d. b and C
16. thy water is so contaminated that it is not suitable for drinking
a. toxic b. salty c. dangerous d. polluted
17. without plants, water would... .... as soon as it falls
a. run out b. run off c. run of d. run away
20. he's really delighted with his new CD player
a. pleased b. angry c. entertained d. annoyed
21. will you see tom at lunch today ? i'd like you to give him a message. i'm not going to lunch, but if i ..... him later, I.......him your message
a. should see/ will see b. see/give c. saw/ would d. could see/ will give
22, " john moved the big table alone" did he ? if he ..... me , I .... him
a. asked/ would help b. asked/ might have helped c. had asked/ could help
d. had asked / would have helped
23. what a beautiful dress you're wearing
- thank you, it.... especially for me by a French tailor
a. makes b. has made c. made d. was made
24. last night a tornado swept through Rockville. It..... everything in its path
a. was destroy b. was being destroyed c. destroyed d. had been destroyed
25. in some areas water...... from the ground faster than nature can replenish the supply
a. is being taken b. has been taking c. is taking d. has taken
26. an announcement about the eight o'clock flight to Chicago.......
a. has been already made b. has already made c. has already been made d. already made
27. .......during the storm
a. they were collapsed the fence b. the fence was collapsed c. they collapsed the fence d. the fence collapsed
28. the new computer system.........next month
a. is being install by people b. is be installed
c. will be installed d. is been installed
29. today many serious childhood diseases.....by early immuization
a. are preventing b. can prevent c. prevent d. can be prevented
30. it would have been a much more serious accident ..... fast at the time
a. was she driving b. she had driven c. had she been driving d. if she drove
31. we can't go along here because the road.........
a. is repairing b. is being repaired c. have been repaired d. has repaired
TEST 1
I/ CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER
1/ the last time I ..... in Athens, the weather was hot and humid
a. had been b. was c. am d. will have been
2. since i left my hometown, i .... to visit my friends and family several times
a. had returned b. have returned c. returned d. will have returned
1. haft the world's rain forests have already been ....
a/ endangered b. eroded c. found d. destroyed
2/ try to eliminate fatty foods from your diet
a. limit b. get rid of c. move d. add
3. acid rain has caused severe... on the hillside
a. erosion b. pollution c. destruction d. floods
5. this channel allows rainwater to run off
a. keep inside b. move around c. flow into d. flow out of
6. scientists are nơ researching new meansures to prevent... levels from rising
a/ pollute b. polluted c. polluting d. pollution
7. this park is the orphanage where lots of orphaned and abandoned animals are taken care of
a. looked after b. involved in c. dealt with d. moved in
8. new laws have been passed to ... wildlife in this area
a. establish b. conserve c. produce d. endanger
9. they were seeking a solution to the ... of the rain forests
a. destroy b. destroying c. destroyer d. destruction
10........ ken didn't have a ticket he was allowed to come in
a. although b.because of c. because d. in spite of
11. most most species in this forest are threatended with .....
a. appearance b. protection c. extinction d. destruction
12. we really ought to make a start on campaigns to ... our polluted rivers and seas
a. clean up b. clear away c. wipe out d. tidy up
15. the turtle has a long life.....
a. age b. span c. expectancy d. b and C
16. thy water is so contaminated that it is not suitable for drinking
a. toxic b. salty c. dangerous d. polluted
17. without plants, water would... .... as soon as it falls
a. run out b. run off c. run of d. run away
20. he's really delighted with his new CD player
a. pleased b. angry c. entertained d. annoyed
21. will you see tom at lunch today ? i'd like you to give him a message. i'm not going to lunch, but if i ..... him later, I.......him your message
a. should see/ will see b. see/give c. saw/ would d. could see/ will give
22, " john moved the big table alone" did he ? if he ..... me , I .... him
a. asked/ would help b. asked/ might have helped c. had asked/ could help
d. had asked / would have helped
23. what a beautiful dress you're wearing
- thank you, it.... especially for me by a French tailor
a. makes b. has made c. made d. was made
24. last night a tornado swept through Rockville. It..... everything in its path
a. was destroy b. was being destroyed c. destroyed d. had been destroyed
25. in some areas water...... from the ground faster than nature can replenish the supply
a. is being taken b. has been taking c. is taking d. has taken
26. an announcement about the eight o'clock flight to Chicago.......
a. has been already made b. has already made c. has already been made d. already made
27. .......during the storm
a. they were collapsed the fence b. the fence was collapsed c. they collapsed the fence d. the fence collapsed
28. the new computer system.........next month
a. is being install by people b. is be installed
c. will be installed d. is been installed
29. today many serious childhood diseases.....by early immuization
a. are preventing b. can prevent c. prevent d. can be prevented
30. it would have been a much more serious accident ..... fast at the time
a. was she driving b. she had driven c. had she been driving d. if she drove
31. we can't go along here because the road.........
a. is repairing b. is being repaired c. have been repaired d. has repaired
II/ rewrite the following sentences
1. pay more attention or you won't understand what these people are saying
-> If you don't pay more attention, you won't understand what these people are saying.
2. i have just read one of my most favourite novels
-> One of my most favourite novels has just been read.
3. Alan's knowledge of art hasn't impressed me
-> I haven't been impressed by Alan's knowledge of art.
4. the pollution in the city was affecting people's breathing
-> People's breathing was being affected by the pollution in the city.
5. they are going to steal your money if you're not careful
-> Your money will be stolen if you're not careful.
7. mary really wants to buy the book, but she doesn't have enough money
-> Were Mary to have enough money, she would buy the book.
8. we believe that he has special knowledge which may be useful to the police
-> He is believed to have special knowladge which may be useful to the police.
-> It is believed that he has a special knowledge which maybe useful to the police.
9. lan is going to take a monthly test next tuesday
-> A monthly test is going to be taken by Lan next Tuesday.
10. my father makes me spell this word properly
-> I am made to spell this word properly by my father.
11. all his friend will see him off at the airport
-> He will be seen off at the airport by all his friends.
12. without helen's help, I couldn't have finished the work on time
-> If helen hadn't helped me, I couldn't have finished the work on time.
-> If it hadn't been for Helen's help, I couldn't have finished the work on time.
REVIEW
11. Paulo works on two jobs, so he doesn't have time to help you with your remodeling
->were Paulo not to work on two jobs, he would have time to help you with your remodeling
12. Jack was late to the meeting because his watch was slow
-> jack would not have been late to the meeting if his watch hadn't been slow
13. we can't easily get access to the internet because we don't live in a big city
16. if i weren't i my 70s and rather unfit, i might consider talking up squash-> unless we lived in a big city, we couldn't easily get access to the internet
14. you should give up smoking
-> if i were you, i didn't smoke
15. i used my calculator; otherwise i'd have taken longer
-> had I not used my calculator, I would have taken longer
-> were i in my 70s and rather unfit i might consider talking up squash
17. do more exercises or you will get fat
-> if you don't do more exercise, you will get fat
18. to day isn't sunday, that's why pupils can't go swimming
-> if today were sunday, pupils could go swimming
19. i don't have a spare ticket so i can't take you to the concert
-> if i had a spare ticket, i could take you to the concert
20. they don't understand the problem; therefore, they won't find a solution
-> if they understood the problem, they would find a solution