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Bài 1:
$\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=t\Rightarrow a=bt; c=dt$. Khi đó:
\(\frac{2a^2-3ab+5b^2}{2a^2+3ab}=\frac{2(bt)^2-3.bt.b+5b^2}{2(bt)^2+3bt.b}=\frac{b^2(2t^2-3t+5)}{b^2(2t^2+3t)}\)
$=\frac{2t^2-3t+5}{2t^2+3t}(1)$
\(\frac{2c^2-3cd+5d^2}{2c^2+3cd}=\frac{2(dt)^2-3.dt.d+5d^2}{2(dt)^2+3dt.d}=\frac{d^2(2t^2-3t+5)}{d^2(2t^2+3t)}=\frac{2t^2-3t+5}{2t^2+3t}(2)\)
Từ $(1);(2)$ suy ra đpcm.
Bài 2:
Từ $\frac{a}{c}=\frac{c}{b}\Rightarrow c^2=ab$. Khi đó:
$\frac{b^2-c^2}{a^2+c^2}=\frac{b^2-ab}{a^2+ab}=\frac{b(b-a)}{a(a+b)}$ (đpcm)
Tham khảo thêm thôi chứ mình không chắc nhé! dạng này mình chưa từng gặp (hay có gặp nhưng rất ít). Thôi không dài dòng nữa. Vào bài thôi.
Giải
Theo t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau: \(\dfrac{a}{2b+3c}=\dfrac{b}{2c+3a}=\dfrac{c}{2a+3b}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2b+3c+2c+3a+2a+3b}\)
\(=\dfrac{a+b+c}{\left(2b+3b\right)+\left(2c+3c\right)+\left(2a+3a\right)}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{5b+5c+5a}\) (*)
Từ (*) ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{2b+3c}=\dfrac{b}{2c+3a}=\dfrac{c}{2a+3b}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{5b+5c+5a}=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
Vì: \(5.\dfrac{a}{2b+3c}=5.\dfrac{b}{2c+3a}=5.\dfrac{c}{2a+3b}=\dfrac{5a+5b+5c}{5b+5c+5a}=1\)
Mà \(1:5=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5a\left(2b+3c\right)=5b\left(2c+3a\right)=5c\left(2a+3b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10ab+15ac=10bc+15ba=10ca+15cb\Leftrightarrow a=b=c^{\left(đpcm\right)}\)
Theo tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau :
\(\dfrac{a}{3b}=\dfrac{b}{3c}=\dfrac{c}{3d}=\dfrac{d}{3a}=\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{3\left(a+b+c+d\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Vì a + b + c + d khác 0 . Ta có :
\(a=\dfrac{1}{3}.3b=b\)(1)
\(b=\dfrac{1}{3}.3c=c\)(2)
\(c=\dfrac{1}{3}.3d=d\)(3)
\(d=\dfrac{1}{3}.3a=a\)(4)
Từ (1);(2);(3) và (4)
=> a = b = c = d
Bài 1:
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk; c=dk\)
Khi đó: \(\left\{\begin{matrix} \frac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\frac{2bk+5b}{3bk-4b}=\frac{b(2k+5)}{b(3k-4)}=\frac{2k+5}{3k-4}\\ \frac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}=\frac{2dk+5d}{3dk-4d}=\frac{d(2k+5)}{d(3k-4)}=\frac{2k+5}{3k-4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\frac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}\)
Ta có đpcm.
Bài 2:
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk; c=dk\)
Khi đó: \(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{bk.b}{dk.d}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{(bk)^2+b^2}{(dk)^2+d^2}=\frac{b^2(k^2+1)}{d^2(k^2+1)}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)
Do đó: \(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}(=\frac{b^2}{d^2})\) . Ta có đpcm.
Ta có; \(\frac{a+b-3c}{c}+4=\frac{b+c-3a}{a}+4=\frac{c+a-3b}{b}+4 \)
<=>\(\frac{a+b+c}{c}=\frac{a+b+c}{a}=\frac{a+b+c}{b} \)
Mà a,b,c>0=>a+b+c>0
=>\(\frac{1}{a}=\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{b} \)
=>a=b=c(đpcm)
3.
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{2}=\dfrac{b}{3}=\dfrac{c}{4}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{2}=\dfrac{2b}{6}=\dfrac{3c}{12}\) và \(a+2b-3c=-20\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{2}=\dfrac{2b}{6}=\dfrac{3c}{12}=\dfrac{a+2b-3c}{2+6-12}=\dfrac{-20}{-4}=5\)
+) \(\dfrac{a}{2}=5\Rightarrow a=5.2=10\)
+) \(\dfrac{2b}{6}=5\Rightarrow2b=5.6=30\Rightarrow b=30:2=15\)
+) \(\dfrac{3c}{12}=5\Rightarrow3c=5.12=60\Rightarrow c=60:3=20\)
Vậy ...
3.
ta có:\(\dfrac{a}{2}\)=\(\dfrac{b}{3}\)=\(\dfrac{c}{4}\)=>\(\dfrac{a}{2}\)=\(\dfrac{2b}{6}\)=\(\dfrac{3c}{12}\) và a+2b-3c=-20
áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có
\(\dfrac{a}{2}\)=\(\dfrac{2b}{6}\)=\(\dfrac{3c}{12}\)=\(\dfrac{a+2b-3c}{2+6-12}\)\(\dfrac{-20}{-4}\)=5
vì\(\dfrac{a}{2}\)=5=>a=2.5=10
\(\dfrac{2b}{6}\)=5=>2b=5.6=30=>b=30:2=15
\(\dfrac{3c}{12}\)=5=>3c=5.12=60=>c=60:3=20
vậy a=10,b=15,c=20
chúc bạn hok tốt
b/
Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{2b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{2c-b+a}{b}=\dfrac{2a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{2b+c-a+2c-b+a+2a+b-c}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)
* \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2b+c-a=2a\\2c-b+a=2b\\2a+b-c=2c\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2b+c=3a\\2c+a=3b\\2a+b=3c\end{matrix}\right.\)
+)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}c=3a-2b\\a=3b-2c\\b=3c-2a\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3a-2b\right)\left(3b-2c\right)\left(3c-2a\right)=abc\left(1\right)\)
+) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2b=3c-a\\2c=3b-a\\2a=3c-b\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3a-c\right)\left(3b-a\right)\left(3c-b\right)=8abc\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{abc}{8abc}=\dfrac{1}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{1}{8}\)
ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^6}{b^6}=\dfrac{c^6}{d^6}=\dfrac{3a^6}{3b^6}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ sốbằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{a^6}{b^6}=\dfrac{c^6}{d^6}=\dfrac{3a^6}{3b^6}=\dfrac{a^6+c^6}{b^6+d^6}=\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^6}{\left(b+d\right)^6}\)
=\(\dfrac{c^6+3a^6}{d^6+3b^6}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3a^6+c^6}{3b^6+d^6}=\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^6}{\left(b+d\right)^6}\) (ĐPCM)
Đặt a/b=c/d=k
=>a=bk; c=dk
a: \(\dfrac{2a-3b}{2a+3b}=\dfrac{2bk-3b}{2bk+3b}=\dfrac{2k-3}{2k+3}\)
\(\dfrac{2c-3d}{2c+3d}=\dfrac{2dk-3d}{2dk+3d}=\dfrac{2k-3}{2k+3}\)
=>\(\dfrac{2a-3b}{2a+3b}=\dfrac{2c-3d}{2c+3d}\)
b: \(\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}=\dfrac{bk+dk}{b+d}=k\)
\(\dfrac{a-c}{b-d}=\dfrac{bk-dk}{b-d}=k\)
=>\(\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}=\dfrac{a-c}{b-d}\)
c: \(\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^4=\left(\dfrac{bk-b}{dk-d}\right)^4=\left(\dfrac{b}{d}\right)^4\)
\(\dfrac{a^4+b^4}{c^4+d^4}=\dfrac{b^4k^4+b^4}{d^4k^4+d^4}=\dfrac{b^4}{d^4}\)
Do đó: \(\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^4=\dfrac{a^4+b^4}{c^4+d^4}\)
Lời giải:
$3\text{VT}=\frac{3a}{3a+1}+\frac{3b}{3b+1}+\frac{3c}{3c+1}$
$=1-\frac{1}{3a+1}+1-\frac{1}{3b+1}+1-\frac{1}{3c+1}$
$=3-\left[\frac{1}{3a+1}+\frac{1}{3b+1}+\frac{1}{3c+1}\right]$
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
$\frac{1}{3a+1}+\frac{1}{3b+1}+\frac{1}{3c+1}\geq \frac{9}{3a+1+3b+1+3c+1}=\frac{9}{3(a+b+c)+3}=\frac{9}{3.6+3}=\frac{3}{7}$
$\Rightarrow 3\text{VT}\leq 3-\frac{3}{7}=\frac{18}{7}$
$\Rightarrow \text{VT}\leq \frac{6}{7}$ (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=2$