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RELATIVE CLAUSES REPLACED BY PARTICIPLES AND TO INFINITIVES
1. The man who is standing there is a clown
-> The man standing there is a clown
2. The envelop which lies on the table has no stamp on it
-> The envelop lying on the table has no stamp on it
3. Benzene, which was discovered by Faraday, became the starting poin in the manufacture of many dyes, perfumes and explosive
-> Benzene discovered by Faraday became the starting poin in the manufacture of many dyes, perfumes and explosive
4. My grandmother, who is old and sick, never goes out of the house
-> My grandmother, old and sick, never goes out of the house.
5. The student don't know how to do exercise which were given by the teacher yesterday
-> The student don't know how to do the exercise given by the teacher yesterday
6. The diagrams which were made by young Faraday were sent to Six Humphry Davy at the end of 1812
-> The diagrams made by young Faraday were sent to Six Humphry Davy at the end of 1812
7. The gentleman who lives next door to me is a well-known orator
-> The gentleman living next door to me is a well-known orator
8. All the astronauts who are orbiting the earth in space capsules are weightless
-> All the astronauts orbiting the earth in space capsules are weightless
9. All students who don't hand in their papers will fail in the exam
-> All students not handing in their papers will fail in the exam.
10. I saw many houses that were destroyed by the storm
-> I saw many houses destroyed by the storm.
1. The United States consists of fifty states. Each of them has its own government -> The United States consists of fifty states, each of which has its own government
2. I saw a lot of new people at the party. Some of them seemed familia -> I saw a lot of new people at the party, some of whom seemed familiar
3. The concert was boring. I listened to it last weekend -> The concert which/that I listened to last weekend was boring
4. I like the village. I used to live in it. -> I like the village which I used to live in
5. The little girl has gone. I borrowed this pen from her. -> The litte girl whom I borrowed this pen from has gone
6. The knife is very sharp. We cut breat with it. -> The knife which we cut bread with is very sharp
7. The speech was great. We listened to it last night. -> The speech which we listened to last night was great
8. That's the woman. Jim used to be married to her. -> That's the woman whom Jim used to be married to
9. The boy is poor. I lent my money to him. -> The boy whom I lent my money to is poor
1.Tom hasn't had his hair cut for five months => The last time Tom had his hair cut was five months ago.
2.after walking for three hours we reached the stop of the hill => After we had walked for three hours we reached the top.
3.i and Dave tried to ring each other at the same time => While ringing to each other, Dave and I tried to do at the same time.
4.during his test at school mobile phone rang => When doing his test at school the moblie phone rang.
5. Mary made a sandwich and then sat on sofa to wacth tv=> Before sitiing on the sofa to watch T.V, Mary made a sandwich.
6.Dave did his homework and then went to bed=> After having done his homework, Dave went to bed.
7.as soon as he approached the house the policement stopped him => No sooner had he approached the house when the policeman stopped him.
8.she hadly begun to speak before people started interrupting her=> Hardly had she begun to speak when people started interrupting her
9.Mai hasn't gone to the cinema with her friends for one years => Mai last went to the cinema with her friends one year ago.
10.In the middle of their sleep the fire broke out => When they were sleeping, the fire broke out.
1. It's a long time since he last called me.
-> He hasn't CALLED ME FOR A LONG TIME
2. When did he get the job?
->How long ago...DID HE GET THE JOB..............................................?
3. I advise you to book a table in advance
->If I WERE YOU, I WOULD BOOK A TABLE
4. I don't want to tell them the secret
-> I would rather NOT TELL THEM THE SECRET
5. If I improved my English speaking
-> Were
6. We wanted to get good seats so we arrived early
->In order TO GET GOOD SEATS, WE ARRIVED EARLY
7.It took her nearly an hour to do the homework
-> She spent BEARLY AN HOUR DOING THE HOMEWORK
8. The policeman made him confess after there a days
-> he waS MADE CONFESS BY THE POLICEMAN AFTER THERE A DAYS
9.Nga finds Maths easier than Physics
-> Physics is not AS DIFFICULT AS MATHS
10. I advise you to see a doctor
-> You ought TO SEE A DOCTOR
1. It's a long time since he last called me.
-> He hasn't called me for a long time.
2. When did he get the job?
-> How long ago did he get the job?
3. I advise you to book a table in advance
-> If I were you, I would book a table in advance.
4. I don't want to tell them the secret
-> I would rather not tell them the secret.
5. If I improved my English speaking
-> Were I to improve my English speaking skill, I would easily get that job.
6. We wanted to get good seats so we arrived early
-> In order to get good seats, we arrived early.
7.It tookher nearly an hour to do the homework
-> She spent nearly an hour doing the crossword.
8. The policeman made him confess after there a days
-> He was made to confess after three days by the policeman.
9.Nga finds Maths easier than Physics
-> Physics is not as easy as Maths for Nga.
10. I advise you to see a doctor
-> You ought to see a doctor.
1. Al of the farmers are asking ''When is this drought going to end?''
->...All of the farmers are asking when this drought is going to end.........
2.''I don't like my job very much'' said her cousin
->Her cousin admitted that .... she didn't like her job very much.........
3.He said''I must be at airport at 6a.m tomorrow''
->He told his daughter.... (that) he had to be at airport at 6 a.m. the next day/the following day......
4.He siad''The sun rises in the East''
->He said..... the Sun rises in the East.
5.The teacher asked all of the students''Do you understand what I am axplaining?''
->The teacher asked all of the students... if /whether they understood what she was explaining..........
6.''My father is a businessman.My mother is an engineer''
->He said that...... his father was a businessman and his mother was an engineer...............
1. Because they are/ Being vegetarians, they dont eat meat
2.Having seen the photographs of the places, i had no desire to go there
3.No having money, we stayed at home
4.Having drunk too much, He did not drive home himsefl
5.Seeing a snake on road, Mary screamed
6.Having spent all his money, Tom went home and asked father for a job
7.Not having visited HL bay before, Susan want to take a trip to there
8.Having heard the story before, she didnot want to hear it again
9.Seeing the dog coming towards her, she quickly crossed the road
10.Not having a credit card, I found it difficult to book an airline ticket over the phone
1 Refugees are not allowed to get a job by the government.
2 The bank manager was forced by the robbers to hand over the money.
3 I witnessed her reading my letter.
4 The patient was instructed by the doctor to stay in bed.
5 The teacher typically supervises her students during their tests.